10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10 – Q

[X]         QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016
or
[  ]         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  For the transition period from ___________ to __________.

Commission File Number 0-16587 

Summit Financial Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
West Virginia
55-0672148
(State or other jurisdiction of
(IRS Employer
incorporation or organization)
Identification No.)
300 North Main Street
 
Moorefield, West Virginia
26836
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(304) 530-1000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes þ
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o               Accelerated filer þ
Non-accelerated filer o                  Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o
No þ

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of Common Stock as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, $2.50 par value
10,681,880 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2016



Table of Contents


 
 
 
Page
PART  I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated balance sheets
March 31, 2016 (unaudited), December 31, 2015,
and March 31, 2015 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of income
for the three months ended
March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of comprehensive
income for the three months ended
March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity
for the three months ended
March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
for the three months ended
March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
 
 
 
 
 
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
 
 
 
 
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures

2


Table of Contents


PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None
 
 
 
 
 
Item 3.
Defaults upon Senior Securities
None
 
 
 
 
 
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
None
 
 
 
 
 
Item 5.
Other Information
None
 
 
 
 
 
Item 6.
Exhibits
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 

3


Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)




 
March 31,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Dollars in thousands
(unaudited)
 
(*)
 
(unaudited)
ASSETS
 
 
 

 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
4,005

 
$
3,625

 
$
3,850

Interest bearing deposits with other banks
12,655

 
5,862

 
8,437

Cash and cash equivalents
16,660

 
9,487

 
12,287

Securities available for sale
271,515

 
280,792

 
282,135

Other investments
10,099

 
8,949

 
7,247

Loans held for sale, net
610

 
779

 
85

Loans, net
1,096,790

 
1,079,331

 
1,039,669

Property held for sale
24,684

 
25,567

 
34,368

Premises and equipment, net
21,589

 
21,572

 
20,208

Accrued interest receivable
5,230

 
5,544

 
5,564

Intangible assets
7,448

 
7,498

 
7,648

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies
37,989

 
37,732

 
36,961

Other assets
15,954

 
15,178

 
14,320

Total assets
$
1,508,568

 
$
1,492,429

 
$
1,460,492

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 

 
 

 
 

Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

Deposits
 

 
 

 
 

Non interest bearing
$
122,378

 
$
119,010

 
$
117,049

Interest bearing
972,166

 
947,699

 
941,259

Total deposits
1,094,544

 
1,066,709

 
1,058,308

Short-term borrowings
153,448

 
171,394

 
148,985

Long-term borrowings
75,103

 
75,581

 
77,013

Subordinated debentures

 

 
5,000

Subordinated debentures owed to unconsolidated subsidiary trusts
19,589

 
19,589

 
19,589

Other liabilities
19,765

 
15,412

 
15,708

Total liabilities
1,362,449

 
1,348,685

 
1,324,603

 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies


 


 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders' Equity
 

 
 

 
 

Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, authorized 250,000 shares

 

 

Common stock and related surplus, $2.50 par value; authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued: 10,854,809 shares 2016, 10,853,566 shares December 2015, and 10,586,242 shares March 2015; outstanding: 10,681,880 shares 2016, 10,671,744 shares December 2015, and 10,586,242 shares March 2015
45,829

 
45,741

 
43,072

Unallocated common stock held by Employee Stock Ownership Plan - 2016 - 172,929, December 2015 - 181,822 shares
(1,867
)
 
(1,964
)
 

Retained earnings
103,418

 
100,423

 
91,176

Accumulated other comprehensive income
(1,261
)
 
(456
)
 
1,641

Total shareholders' equity
146,119

 
143,744

 
135,889

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
1,508,568

 
$
1,492,429

 
$
1,460,492


(*) - December 31, 2015 financial information has been extracted from audited consolidated financial statements



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents
4


Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)


 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts
 
2016
 
2015
Interest income
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
$
13,291

 
$
12,733

Tax-exempt
 
145

 
115

Interest and dividends on securities
 
 

 
 

Taxable
 
1,084

 
1,282

Tax-exempt
 
642

 
612

Interest on interest bearing deposits with other banks
 
3

 
1

Total interest income
 
15,165

 
14,743

Interest expense
 
 

 
 

Interest on deposits
 
2,170

 
2,071

Interest on short-term borrowings
 
240

 
112

Interest on long-term borrowings and subordinated debentures
 
976

 
1,040

Total interest expense
 
3,386

 
3,223

Net interest income
 
11,779

 
11,520

Provision for loan losses
 
250

 
250

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
 
11,529

 
11,270

Other income
 
 

 
 

Insurance commissions
 
924

 
1,128

Service fees related to deposit accounts
 
978

 
976

Realized securities gains
 
393

 
480

Bank owned life insurance income
 
256

 
261

Other
 
255

 
294

Total other income
 
2,806

 
3,139

Other expense
 
 

 
 

Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits
 
4,682

 
4,187

Net occupancy expense
 
540

 
499

Equipment expense
 
656

 
535

Professional fees
 
472

 
335

Amortization of intangibles
 
50

 
50

FDIC premiums
 
300

 
330

Merger expense
 
112

 

Foreclosed properties expense
 
124

 
208

(Gain) loss on sale of foreclosed properties
 
(6
)
 
150

Write-down of foreclosed properties
 
109

 
572

Other
 
1,515

 
1,338

Total other expense
 
8,554

 
8,204

Income before income taxes
 
5,781

 
6,205

Income tax expense
 
1,719

 
1,920

Net Income
 
$
4,062

 
$
4,285

 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share
 
$
0.38

 
$
0.49

Diluted earnings per common share
 
$
0.38

 
$
0.41








See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Table of Contents
5


Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)


 
For the Three Months Ended 
 March 31,
Dollars in thousands
2016
 
2015
Net income
$
4,062

 
$
4,285

Other comprehensive income (loss):
 

 
 

Net unrealized loss on cashflow hedge of:
2016 - ($2,321), net of deferred taxes of ($859); 2015 - ($1,412), net of deferred taxes of ($522)
(1,462
)
 
(890
)
Net unrealized gain on available for sale debt securities of:
2016 - $1,043, net of deferred taxes of $386 and reclassification adjustment for net realized gains included in net income of $393; 2015 - $729, net of deferred taxes of $270 and reclassification adjustment for net realized gains included in net income of $480
657

 
459

Total comprehensive income
$
3,257

 
$
3,854











































See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents
6


Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)


Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts
Series 2009
Preferred
Stock and
Related
Surplus
 
Series 2011
Preferred
Stock and
Related
Surplus
 
Common
Stock and
Related
Surplus
 
Unallocated Common Stock Held by ESOP
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Compre-
hensive
Income
 
Total
Share-
holders'
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
$

 
$

 
$
45,741

 
$
(1,964
)
 
$
100,423

 
$
(456
)
 
$
143,744

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

Comprehensive income:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income

 

 

 

 
4,062

 

 
4,062

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 
(805
)
 
(805
)
Total comprehensive income
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
3,257

Stock compensation expense

 

 
50

 

 

 

 
50

Unallocated ESOP shares committed to be released - 8,893 shares

 

 
18

 
97

 

 

 
115

Common stock issuances from reinvested dividends

 

 
20

 

 
(20
)
 

 

Common stock cash dividends declared ($0.10 per share)

 

 

 

 
(1,047
)
 

 
(1,047
)
Balance, March 31, 2016
$

 
$

 
$
45,829

 
$
(1,867
)
 
$
103,418

 
$
(1,261
)
 
$
146,119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2014
$
3,419

 
$
5,764

 
$
32,670

 
$

 
$
87,719

 
$
2,072

 
$
131,644

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

Comprehensive income:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income

 

 

 

 
4,285

 

 
4,285

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 
(431
)
 
(431
)
Total comprehensive income
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
3,854

Conversion of Series 2009 Preferred Stock to common stock
(3,419
)
 

 
3,413

 

 

 

 
(6
)
Conversion of Series 2011 Preferred Stock to common stock

 
(5,764
)
 
5,757

 

 

 

 
(7
)
Issuance of 237,753 shares of common stock

 

 
2,312

 

 

 

 
2,312

Repurchase and retirement of 100,000 shares of common stock

 

 
(1,080
)
 

 

 

 
(1,080
)
Common stock cash dividends declared ($0.08 per share)

 

 

 

 
(828
)
 

 
(828
)
Balance, March 31, 2015
$

 
$

 
$
43,072

 
$

 
$
91,176

 
$
1,641

 
$
135,889



















See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents
7


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)


 
 
Three Months Ended
Dollars in thousands
 
March 31,
2016
 
March 31,
2015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
4,062

 
$
4,285

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 

 
 

Depreciation
 
295

 
260

Provision for loan losses
 
250

 
250

Stock compensation expense
 
50

 

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
 
(102
)
 
81

Loans originated for sale
 
(2,332
)
 
(536
)
Proceeds from loans sold
 
2,501

 
978

Securities gains
 
(393
)
 
(480
)
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets
 
(6
)
 
152

Write down of foreclosed properties
 
109

 
572

Amortization of securities premiums (accretion of discounts), net
 
1,121

 
1,252

Amortization of intangibles, net
 
50

 
53

Decrease in accrued interest receivable
 
315

 
274

Increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance
 
(256
)
 
(261
)
Increase in other assets
 
(727
)
 
(746
)
Increase in other liabilities
 
1,302

 
1,420

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
6,239

 
7,554

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
 

 
 

Proceeds from maturities and calls of securities available for sale
 
55

 
365

Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
 
33,787

 
26,835

Principal payments received on securities available for sale
 
8,170

 
8,621

Purchases of securities available for sale
 
(32,418
)
 
(35,166
)
Purchases of other investments
 
(5,149
)
 
(2,736
)
Proceeds from sales & redemptions of other investments
 
3,999

 
1,671

Net loans made to customers
 
(16,864
)
 
(20,822
)
Purchases of premises and equipment
 
(312
)
 
(409
)
Proceeds from sales of other repossessed assets & property held for sale
 
1,302

 
3,595

Net cash (used in) investing activities
 
(7,430
)
 
(18,046
)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
 

 
 

Net increase (decrease) in demand deposit, NOW and savings accounts
 
18,395

 
(1,706
)
Net increase (decrease) in time deposits
 
9,439

 
(1,313
)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
 
(17,945
)
 
25,352

Repayment of long-term borrowings
 
(478
)
 
(477
)
Repayment of subordinated debt
 

 
(11,800
)
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock
 

 
2,298

Retirement of common stock
 

 
(1,080
)
Dividends paid on common stock
 
(1,047
)
 
(814
)
Dividends paid on preferred stock
 

 
(191
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
8,364

 
10,269

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
7,173

 
(223
)
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 

 
 

Beginning
 
9,487

 
12,510

Ending
 
$
16,660

 
$
12,287

 
(Continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
 

Table of Contents
8


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) - continued


 
 
Three Months Ended
Dollars in thousands
 
March 31,
2016
 
March 31,
2015
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
 
 
 
 
Cash payments for:
 
 
 
 
Interest
 
$
3,434

 
$
3,242

Income taxes
 
$

 
$
128

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
 
 
 
 

Real property and other assets acquired in settlement of loans
 
$

 
$
714

























































See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents
9



NOTE 1.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We, Summit Financial Group, Inc. and subsidiaries, prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X.  Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual year end financial statements.  In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal recurring nature.

The presentation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

The results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.  The consolidated financial statements and notes included herein should be read in conjunction with our 2015 audited financial statements and Annual Report on Form 10-K.  Certain accounts in the consolidated financial statements for December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, as previously presented, have been reclassified to conform to current year classifications.

NOTE 2.  SIGNIFICANT NEW AUTHORITATIVE ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

ASU 2015-01, Income Statement - Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20) - Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items eliminates from U.S. GAAP the concept of extraordinary items, which, among other things, required an entity to segregate extraordinary items considered to be unusual and infrequent from the results of ordinary operations and show the item separately in the income statement, net of tax, after income from continuing operations. ASU 2015-01 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2016, though early adoption is permitted, and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) - Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs specifies that debt issuance costs related to a recognized liability are to be reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this ASU. ASU 2015-03 is effective for years beginning after December 31, 2015 and is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

The guidance of ASU No. 2015-03 did not address presentation or subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. Given the absence of authoritative guidance for debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements within the update, in ASU 2015-15, Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) - Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements (Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcement at June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting), issued in August 2015, the SEC staff stated that they would not object to any entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement.

ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments requires that adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period of a business combination be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Furthermore, the income statement effects of such adjustments, if any, must be calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date reflecting the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. Under previous guidance, adjustments to provisional amounts identified during the measurement period are to be recognized retrospectively. ASU 2015-16 became effective for us on January 1, 2016 and did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, among other things, (i) requires equity investments, with certain exceptions, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (ii) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, (iii) eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to

Table of Contents
10


be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, (iv) requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, (v) requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (vi) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements and (viii) clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for us on January 1, 2018 and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) will, among other things, require lessees to recognize a lease liability, which is a lessee‘s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 does not significantly change lease accounting requirements applicable to lessors; however, certain changes were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us on January 1, 2019 and will require transition using a modified retrospective approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2016-02 on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships, clarifies that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument under ASC Topic 815 does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. ASU 2016-05 will be effective for us on January 1, 2017 and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, requires that all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement during the period in which they occur. Previously, such amounts were recorded in the pool of excess tax benefits included in additional paid-in capital, if such pool was available. Because excess tax benefits are no longer recognized in additional paid-in capital, the assumed proceeds from applying the treasury stock method when computing earnings per share should exclude the amount of excess tax benefits that would have previously been recognized in additional paid-in capital. Additionally, excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity rather than a financing activity, as was previously the case. ASU 2016-09 also provides that an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest (current GAAP) or account for forfeitures when they occur. ASU 2016-09 changes the threshold to qualify for equity classification (rather than as a liability) to permit withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates (rather than the minimum as was previously the case) in the applicable jurisdictions. ASU 2016-09 will be effective on January 1, 2017 and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

NOTE 3.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.  ASC Topic 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.  The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value.

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) or identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
        
Accordingly, securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, and impaired loans held

11


for investment.  These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value.

Available-for-Sale Securities:  Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available.  If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions.  Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds.  Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities.

Derivative Financial Instruments:  Derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based on pricing models run by a third-party, utilizing observable market-based inputs.  All future floating cash flows are projected and both floating and fixed cash flows are discounted to the valuation date.  As a result, we classify interest rate swaps as Level 2.

Loans Held for Sale:  Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value.  The fair value of loans held for sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics.  As such, we classify loans subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as Level 2.

Loans:  We do not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allowance for loan loss is established.  Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired.  Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 310, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.  The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the discounted cash flows or collateral value exceeds the recorded investments in such loans. These loans are carried at recorded loan investment, and therefore are not included in the following tables of loans measured at fair value. Impaired loans internally graded as substandard, doubtful, or loss are evaluated using the fair value of collateral method.  All other impaired loans are measured for impairment using the discounted cash flows method. In accordance with ASC Topic 310, impaired loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral requires classification in the fair value hierarchy. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, we record the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When a current appraised value is not available and there is no observable market price, we record the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3.  

When impaired loans are deemed required to be included in the fair value hierarchy, management immediately begins the process of evaluating the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral to determine if a related specific allowance for loan losses or charge-off is necessary.  Current appraisals are ordered once a loan is deemed impaired if the existing appraisal is more than twelve months old, or more frequently if there is known deterioration in value. For recently identified impaired loans, a current appraisal may not be available at the financial statement date. Until the current appraisal is obtained, the original appraised value is discounted, as appropriate, to compensate for the estimated depreciation in the value of the loan’s underlying collateral since the date of the original appraisal.  Such discounts are generally estimated based upon management’s knowledge of sales of similar collateral within the applicable market area and its knowledge of other real estate market-related data as well as general economic trends.  When a new appraisal is received (which generally are received within 3 months of a loan being identified as impaired), management then re-evaluates the fair value of the collateral and adjusts any specific allocated allowance for loan losses, as appropriate.  In addition, management also assigns a discount of 7–10% for the estimated costs to sell the collateral.

Foreclosed properties:  Foreclosed properties consists of real estate acquired in foreclosure or other settlement of loans. Such assets are carried on the balance sheet at the lower of the investment in the real estate or its fair value less estimated selling costs.  The fair value of foreclosed properties is determined on a nonrecurring basis generally utilizing current appraisals performed by an independent, licensed appraiser applying an income or market value approach using observable market data (Level 2).  Updated appraisals of foreclosed properties are generally obtained if the existing appraisal is more than 18 months old or more frequently if there is a known deterioration in value.  However, if a current appraisal is not available, the original appraised value is discounted, as appropriate, to compensate for the estimated depreciation in the value of the real estate since the date of its original appraisal.  Such discounts are generally estimated based upon management’s knowledge of sales of similar property within the applicable market area and its knowledge of other real estate market-related data as well as general

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economic trends (Level 3).  Upon foreclosure, any fair value adjustment is charged against the allowance for loan losses.  Subsequent fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred and included in other noninterest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
 
Balance at
 
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Dollars in thousands
March 31, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Available for sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government sponsored agencies
$
20,939

 
$

 
$
20,939

 
$

Mortgage backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government sponsored agencies
153,893

 

 
153,893

 

Nongovernment sponsored entities
7,164

 

 
7,164

 

State and political subdivisions
250

 

 
250

 

Corporate debt securities
13,915

 

 
8,031

 
5,884

Other equity securities
77

 

 
77

 

Tax-exempt state and political subdivisions
75,277

 

 
75,277

 

Total available for sale securities
$
271,515

 
$

 
$
265,631

 
$
5,884

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative financial liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate swaps
$
8,238

 
$

 
$
8,238

 
$

 
Balance at
 
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Dollars in thousands
December 31, 2015
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Available for sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government sponsored agencies
$
21,475

 
$

 
$
21,475

 
$

Mortgage backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government sponsored agencies
146,734

 

 
146,734

 

Nongovernment sponsored entities
7,885

 

 
7,885

 

State and political subdivisions
1,953

 

 
1,953

 

Corporate debt securities
14,226

 

 
8,367

 
5,859

Other equity securities
77

 

 
77

 

Tax-exempt state and political subdivisions
88,442

 

 
88,442

 

Total available for sale securities
$
280,792

 
$

 
$
274,933

 
$
5,859

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative financial liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate swaps
$
5,072

 
$

 
$
5,072

 
$



Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

We may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period.  Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are included in the table below.

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13


 
Balance at
 
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Dollars in thousands
March 31, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
$
610

 
$

 
$
610

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateral-dependent impaired loans
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
360

 

 

 
360

Construction and development
1,013

 

 
1,013

 

Residential real estate
121

 

 
121

 

Total collateral-dependent impaired loans
$
1,494

 
$

 
$
1,134

 
$
360

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreclosed properties
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate
976

 

 
976

 

Construction and development
18,347

 

 
18,347

 

Residential real estate
506

 

 
506

 

Total foreclosed properties
$
19,829

 
$

 
$
19,829

 
$



 
Balance at
 
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Dollars in thousands
December 31, 2015
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
$
779

 
$

 
$
779

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateral-dependent impaired loans
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$

 

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
627

 

 

 
627

Construction and development
1,054

 

 

 
1,054

Residential real estate
279

 

 
279

 

Total collateral-dependent impaired loans
$
1,960

 
$

 
$
279

 
$
1,681

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreclosed properties
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate
1,103

 

 
1,103

 

Construction and development
18,477

 

 
18,419

 
58

Residential real estate
314

 

 
314

 

Total foreclosed properties
$
19,894

 
$

 
$
19,836

 
$
58


ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis.  The following summarizes the methods and significant assumptions we used in estimating our fair value disclosures for financial instruments.

Cash and cash equivalents:  The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents approximate their estimated fair value.

Interest bearing deposits with other banks:  The carrying values of interest bearing deposits with other banks approximate their estimated fair values.

Federal funds sold:  The carrying values of Federal funds sold approximate their estimated fair values.

Securities:  Estimated fair values of securities are based on quoted market prices, where available.  If quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable securities.
 
Loans held for sale:  The carrying values of loans held for sale approximate their estimated fair values.

Loans:  The estimated fair values for loans are computed based on scheduled future cash flows of principal and interest, discounted at interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.  No prepayments of principal are assumed.


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14


Accrued interest receivable and payable:  The carrying values of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate their estimated fair values.

Deposits:  The estimated fair values of demand deposits (i.e. non-interest bearing checking, NOW, money market and savings accounts) and other variable rate deposits approximate their carrying values.  Fair values of fixed maturity deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology at rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.  Any intangible value of long-term relationships with depositors is not considered in estimating the fair values disclosed.

Short-term borrowings:  The carrying values of short-term borrowings approximate their estimated fair values.

Long-term borrowings:  The fair values of long-term borrowings are estimated by discounting scheduled future payments of principal and interest at current rates available on borrowings with similar terms.

Subordinated debentures:  The carrying values of subordinated debentures approximate their estimated fair values.

Subordinated debentures owed to unconsolidated subsidiary trusts:  The carrying values of subordinated debentures owed to unconsolidated subsidiary trusts approximate their estimated fair values.

Derivative financial instruments:  The fair value of the interest rate swaps is valued using independent pricing models.

Off-balance sheet instruments:  The fair values of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present credit standing of the counter parties.  The amounts of fees currently charged on commitments and standby letters of credit are deemed insignificant, and therefore, the estimated fair values and carrying values are not shown below.

The carrying values and estimated fair values of our financial instruments are summarized below:
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
Financial assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
16,660

 
$
16,660

 
$
9,487

 
$
9,487

Securities available for sale
 
271,515

 
271,515

 
280,792

 
280,792

Other investments
 
10,099

 
10,099

 
8,949

 
8,949

Loans held for sale, net
 
610

 
610

 
779

 
779

Loans, net
 
1,096,790

 
1,109,243

 
1,079,331

 
1,084,955

Accrued interest receivable
 
5,230

 
5,230

 
5,544

 
5,544

 
 
$
1,400,904

 
$
1,413,357

 
$
1,384,882

 
$
1,390,506

Financial liabilities
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Deposits
 
$
1,094,544

 
$
1,116,367

 
$
1,066,709

 
$
1,077,510

Short-term borrowings
 
153,448

 
153,448

 
171,394

 
171,394

Long-term borrowings
 
75,103

 
79,917

 
75,581

 
80,506

Subordinated debentures owed to unconsolidated subsidiary trusts
 
19,589

 
19,589

 
19,589

 
19,589

Accrued interest payable
 
778

 
778

 
826

 
826

Derivative financial liabilities
 
8,238

 
8,238

 
5,072

 
5,072

 
 
$
1,351,700

 
$
1,378,337

 
$
1,339,171

 
$
1,354,897


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15


NOTE 4.  EARNINGS PER SHARE

The computations of basic and diluted earnings per share follow:
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
Dollars in thousands,
except per share amounts
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Common
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per
Share
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Common
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per
Share
Net income
 
$
4,062

 
 
 
 
 
$
4,285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic EPS
 
$
4,062

 
10,671,856

 
$
0.38

 
$
4,285

 
8,815,961

 
$
0.49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Stock options
 
 
 
7,445

 
 

 
 
 
8,567

 
 

Stock appreciation rights
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
Series 2011 convertible
preferred stock
 

 

 
 

 

 
1,158,250

 
 

Series 2009 convertible
preferred stock
 

 

 
 
 

 
510,545

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted EPS
 
$
4,062

 
10,679,301

 
$
0.38

 
$
4,285

 
10,493,323

 
$
0.41



Stock option and stock appreciation right (SAR) grants and the convertible preferred shares are disregarded in this computation if they are determined to be anti-dilutive.  Our anti-dilutive stock options at March 31, 2016 and 2015 totaled 57,000 shares and 128,900 shares, respectively, and our anti-dilutive SARs at March 31, 2016 were 166,717.

NOTE 5.  SECURITIES

The amortized cost, unrealized gains, unrealized losses and estimated fair values of securities at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015 are summarized as follows:
 
March 31, 2016
 
Amortized
 
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Dollars in thousands
Cost
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fair Value
Available for Sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government and agencies and corporations
$
19,757

 
$
1,231

 
$
49

 
$
20,939

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government-sponsored agencies
151,895

 
2,594

 
596

 
153,893

Nongovernment-sponsored entities
7,162

 
58

 
56

 
7,164

State and political subdivisions
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Water and sewer revenues
250

 

 

 
250

Corporate debt securities
14,539

 
38

 
662

 
13,915

Total taxable debt securities
193,603

 
3,921

 
1,363

 
196,161

Tax-exempt debt securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

State and political subdivisions
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

General obligations
40,103

 
1,926

 
45

 
41,984

Water and sewer revenues
7,547

 
216

 

 
7,763

Lease revenues
6,284

 
223

 

 
6,507

Special tax revenues
3,022

 
64

 

 
3,086

Sales tax revenues
2,899

 
72

 

 
2,971

Other revenues
12,588

 
381

 
3

 
12,966

Total tax-exempt debt securities
72,443

 
2,882

 
48

 
75,277

Equity securities
77

 

 

 
77

Total available for sale securities
$
266,123

 
$
6,803

 
$
1,411

 
$
271,515


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16


 
December 31, 2015
 
Amortized
 
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Dollars in thousands
Cost
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fair Value
Available for Sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government and agencies and corporations
$
20,461

 
$
1,063

 
$
49

 
$
21,475

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government-sponsored agencies
145,586

 
1,943

 
795

 
146,734

Nongovernment-sponsored entities
7,836

 
82

 
33

 
7,885

State and political subdivisions
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Water and sewer revenues
250

 

 

 
250

Other revenues
1,729

 

 
26

 
1,703

Corporate debt securities
14,494

 

 
268

 
14,226

Total taxable debt securities
190,356

 
3,088

 
1,171

 
192,273

Tax-exempt debt securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

State and political subdivisions
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

General obligations
52,490

 
1,767

 
41

 
54,216

Water and sewer revenues
7,614

 
172

 

 
7,786

Lease revenues
8,671

 
187

 
1

 
8,857

Special tax revenues
4,532

 
72

 

 
4,604

Other revenues
12,703

 
290

 
14

 
12,979

Total tax-exempt debt securities
86,010

 
2,488

 
56

 
88,442

Equity securities
77

 

 

 
77

Total available for sale securities
$
276,443

 
$
5,576

 
$
1,227

 
$
280,792



 
March 31, 2015
 
Amortized
 
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Dollars in thousands
Cost
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fair Value
Available for Sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government and agencies and corporations
$
21,650

 
$
1,227

 
$
40

 
$
22,837

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government-sponsored agencies
153,904

 
3,412

 
501

 
156,815

Nongovernment-sponsored agencies
11,034

 
105

 
71

 
11,068

State and political subdivisions:


 


 


 


       General obligations
1,617

 
34

 

 
1,651

       Water and sewer revenues
1,969

 
21

 

 
1,990

       Lottery/casino revenues
3,084

 
9

 
28

 
3,065

       Other revenues
1,697

 
67

 

 
1,764

Corporate debt securities
6,675

 

 
10

 
6,665

Total taxable debt securities
201,630

 
4,875

 
650

 
205,855

Tax-exempt debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

State and political subdivisions:


 


 


 


        General obligations
47,947

 
2,050

 
136

 
49,861

        Water and sewer revenues
10,302

 
278

 
1

 
10,579

        Special tax revenues
2,272

 
53

 

 
2,325

        Lottery/casino revenues
2,800

 
163

 

 
2,963

        Other revenues
10,246

 
313

 
14

 
10,545

Total tax-exempt debt securities
73,567

 
2,857

 
151

 
76,273

Equity securities
7

 

 

 
7

Total available for sale securities
$
275,204

 
$
7,732

 
$
801

 
$
282,135


The below information is relative to the five states where issuers with the highest volume of state and political subdivision securities held in our portfolio are located.  We own no such securities of any single issuer which we deem to be a concentration.

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17


 
March 31, 2016
 
Amortized
 
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Dollars in thousands
Cost
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Illinois
$
10,803

 
$
441

 
$
10

 
$
11,234

Michigan
9,473

 
202

 
4

 
9,671

West Virginia
7,676

 
133

 

 
7,809

Texas
7,173

 
406

 

 
7,579

Washington
5,429

 
202

 

 
5,631


Management performs pre-purchase and ongoing analysis to confirm that all investment securities meet applicable credit quality standards.  Prior to July 1, 2013, we principally used credit ratings from Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSROs”) to support analyses of our portfolio of securities issued by state and political subdivisions, as we generally do not purchase securities that are rated below the six highest NRSRO rating categories.  Beginning July 1, 2013, in addition to considering a security’s NRSRO rating, we now also assess or confirm through an internal review of an issuer’s financial information and other applicable information that:  1) the issuer’s risk of default is low; 2) the characteristics of the issuer’s demographics and economic environment are satisfactory; and 3) the issuer’s budgetary position and stability of tax or other revenue sources are sound.

The maturities, amortized cost and estimated fair values of securities at March 31, 2016, are summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
 
$
58,168

 
$
58,981

Due from one to five years
 
103,471

 
105,032

Due from five to ten years
 
18,437

 
18,932

Due after ten years
 
85,970

 
88,493

Equity securities
 
77

 
77

 
 
$
266,123

 
$
271,515


The proceeds from sales, calls and maturities of available for sale securities, including principal payments received on mortgage-backed obligations, and the related gross gains and losses realized, for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are as follows:
 
 
Proceeds from
 
Gross realized
Dollars in thousands
 
Sales
 
Calls and
Maturities
 
Principal
Payments
 
Gains
 
Losses
Securities available for sale
 
$
33,787

 
$
55

 
$
8,170

 
$
562

 
$
169


We held 53 available for sale securities having an unrealized loss at March 31, 2016.  We do not intend to sell these securities, and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases.  We believe that this decline in value is primarily attributable to the lack of market liquidity and to changes in market interest rates and not due to credit quality.  Accordingly, no additional other-than-temporary impairment charge to earnings is warranted at this time.


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Provided below is a summary of securities available for sale which were in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, including debt securities for which a portion of other-than-temporary impairment has been recognized in other comprehensive income.
 
March 31, 2016
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
Dollars in thousands
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
Temporarily impaired securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
$
983

 
$
(2
)
 
$
3,017

 
$
(47
)
 
$
4,000

 
$
(49
)
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government-sponsored agencies
39,180

 
(446
)
 
10,647

 
(150
)
 
49,827

 
(596
)
Nongovernment-sponsored entities
2,141

 
(12
)
 
2,530

 
(44
)
 
4,671

 
(56
)
Corporate debt securities
6,993

 
(662
)
 

 

 
6,993

 
(662
)
Tax-exempt debt securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

State and political subdivisions:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

General obligations
4,065

 
(45
)
 

 

 
4,065

 
(45
)
Other revenues
1,164

 
(3
)
 

 

 
1,164

 
(3
)
Total temporarily impaired securities
54,526

 
(1,170
)
 
16,194

 
(241
)
 
70,720

 
(1,411
)
Total other-than-temporarily
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

impaired securities

 

 

 

 

 

Total
$
54,526

 
$
(1,170
)
 
$
16,194

 
$
(241
)
 
$
70,720

 
$
(1,411
)





 
December 31, 2015
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
Dollars in thousands
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
Temporarily impaired securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
$
2,104

 
$
(2
)
 
$
3,151

 
$
(47
)
 
$
5,255

 
$
(49
)
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Government-sponsored agencies
52,970

 
(569
)
 
8,672

 
(226
)
 
61,642

 
(795
)
Nongovernment-sponsored entities
2,298

 

 
2,819

 
(33
)
 
5,117

 
(33
)
State and political subdivisions:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Other revenues
1,702

 
(26
)
 

 

 
1,702

 
(26
)
Corporate debt securities
8,367

 
(268
)
 

 

 
8,367

 
(268
)
Tax-exempt debt securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

State and political subdivisions:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

General obligations
5,977

 
(41
)
 

 

 
5,977

 
(41
)
Lease revenues
576

 
(1
)
 

 

 
576

 
(1
)
Other revenues
1,218

 
(14
)
 

 

 
1,218

 
(14
)
Total temporarily impaired securities
75,212

 
(921
)
 
14,642

 
(306
)
 
89,854

 
(1,227
)
Total other-than-temporarily
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

impaired securities

 

 

 

 

 

Total
$
75,212

 
$
(921
)
 
$
14,642

 
$
(306
)
 
$
89,854

 
$
(1,227
)




Table of Contents
19



NOTE 6.  LOANS

Loans are generally stated at the amount of unpaid principal, reduced by unearned discount and allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans is accrued daily on the outstanding balances.  Loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized as adjustments of the related loan yield over its contractual life. We categorize residential real estate loans in excess of $600,000 as jumbo loans.

Generally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status when principal or interest is greater than 90 days past due based upon the loan's contractual terms.  Interest is accrued daily on impaired loans unless the loan is placed on nonaccrual status.  Impaired loans are placed on nonaccrual status when the payments of principal and interest are in default for a period of 90 days, unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection.  Interest on nonaccrual loans is recognized primarily using the cost-recovery method.  Loans may be returned to accrual status when repayment is reasonably assured and there has been demonstrated performance under the terms of the loan or, if applicable, the terms of the restructured loans.

Commercial-related loans or portions thereof (which are risk-rated) are charged off to the allowance for loan losses when the loss has been confirmed.  This determination is made on a case by case basis considering many factors, including the prioritization of our claim in bankruptcy, expectations of the workout/restructuring of the loan and valuation of the borrower’s equity.  We deem a loss confirmed when a loan or a portion of a loan is classified “loss” in accordance with bank regulatory classification guidelines, which state, “Assets classified loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted”.
 
Consumer-related loans are generally charged off to the allowance for loan losses upon reaching specified stages of delinquency, in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council policy.  For example, credit card loans are charged off by the end of the month in which the account becomes 180 days past due or within 60 days from receiving notification about a specified event (e.g., bankruptcy of the borrower), which ever is earlier.  Residential mortgage loans are generally charged off to net realizable value no later than when the account becomes 180 days past due.  Other consumer loans, if collateralized, are generally charged off to net realizable value at 120 days past due.

Loans are summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
March 31,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Commercial
 
$
101,742

 
$
97,201

 
$
89,928

Commercial real estate
 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
 
202,680

 
203,555

 
180,269

Non-owner occupied
 
353,351

 
337,294

 
325,764

Construction and development
 
 

 
 

 
 

Land and land development
 
66,483

 
65,500

 
66,558

Construction
 
7,997

 
9,970

 
19,094

Residential real estate
 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
 
221,368

 
221,750

 
219,938

Jumbo
 
50,057

 
50,313

 
50,492

Home equity
 
74,097

 
74,300

 
68,894

Consumer
 
19,095

 
19,251

 
18,485

Other
 
11,235

 
11,669

 
11,074

Total loans, net of unearned fees
 
1,108,105

 
1,090,803

 
1,050,496

Less allowance for loan losses
 
11,315

 
11,472

 
10,827

Loans, net
 
$
1,096,790

 
$
1,079,331

 
$
1,039,669


Table of Contents
20



The following table presents the contractual aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 and December 31, 2015.
 
At March 31, 2016
 
Past Due
 
 
 
> 90 days and Accruing
Dollars in thousands
30-59 days
 
60-89 days
 
> 90 days
 
Total
 
Current
 
Commercial
$
39

 
$
468

 
$
179

 
$
686

 
$
101,056

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
272

 
497

 
822

 
1,591

 
201,089

 

Non-owner occupied
153

 

 
749

 
902

 
352,449

 

Construction and development
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land and land development
178

 
41

 
4,739

 
4,958

 
61,525

 

Construction

 

 

 

 
7,997

 

Residential mortgage
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,555

 
832

 
1,906

 
5,293

 
216,075

 

Jumbo

 

 

 

 
50,057

 

Home equity

 
453

 
71

 
524

 
73,573

 

Consumer
70

 
21

 
117

 
208

 
18,887

 

Other

 

 

 

 
11,235

 

Total
$
3,267

 
$
2,312

 
$
8,583

 
$
14,162

 
$
1,093,943

 
$

 
 
At December 31, 2015
 
Past Due
 
 
 
> 90 days and Accruing
Dollars in thousands
30-59 days
 
60-89 days
 
> 90 days
 
Total
 
Current
 
Commercial
$
345

 
$
26

 
$
632

 
$
1,003

 
$
96,198

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
158

 
386

 
437

 
981

 
202,574

 

Non-owner occupied
1

 

 
856

 
857

 
336,437

 

Construction and development
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land and land development
1,182

 
194

 
4,547

 
5,923

 
59,577

 

Construction

 

 

 

 
9,970

 

Residential mortgage
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,276

 
2,647

 
1,591

 
6,514

 
215,236

 

Jumbo

 

 

 

 
50,313

 

Home equity
374

 
172

 
100

 
646

 
73,654

 

Consumer
155

 
41

 
92

 
288

 
18,963

 
9

Other

 

 

 

 
11,669

 

Total
$
4,491

 
$
3,466

 
$
8,255

 
$
16,212

 
$
1,074,591

 
$
9



Table of Contents
21


 
At March 31, 2015
 
Past Due
 
 
 
> 90 days and Accruing
Dollars in thousands
30-59 days
 
60-89 days
 
> 90 days
 
Total
 
Current
 
Commercial
$
388

 
$

 
$
744

 
$
1,132

 
$
88,796

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
119

 

 
629

 
748

 
179,521

 

Non-owner occupied
664

 

 
406

 
1,070

 
324,694

 

Construction and development
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land and land development
1,376

 
1,361

 
4,980

 
7,717

 
58,841

 

Construction

 

 

 

 
19,094

 

Residential mortgage
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,891

 
1,090

 
1,888

 
5,869

 
214,069

 

Jumbo

 

 
713

 
713

 
49,779

 

Home equity
395

 

 
172

 
567

 
68,327

 

Consumer
139

 
62

 
22

 
223

 
18,262

 

Other

 

 

 

 
11,074

 

Total
$
5,972

 
$
2,513

 
$
9,554

 
$
18,039

 
$
1,032,457

 
$


Nonaccrual loans:  The following table presents the nonaccrual loans included in the net balance of loans at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015.
 
 
March 31,
 
December 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2016
 
2015
 
2015
Commercial
 
$
430

 
$
788

 
$
853

Commercial real estate
 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
 
822

 
934

 
437

Non-owner occupied
 
5,318

 
406

 
5,518

Construction and development
 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
 
5,467

 
5,333

 
5,623

Construction
 

 

 

Residential mortgage
 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
 
3,023

 
3,429

 
2,987

Jumbo
 

 
713

 

Home equity
 
225

 
349

 
258

Consumer
 
121

 
65

 
83

Total
 
$
15,406

 
$
12,017

 
$
15,759

 
Impaired loans:  Impaired loans include the following:

Loans which we risk-rate (consisting of loan relationships having aggregate balances in excess of $2.0 million, or loans exceeding $500,000 and exhibiting credit weakness) through our normal loan review procedures and which, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement.   Risk-rated loans with insignificant delays or insignificant short falls in the amount of payments expected to be collected are not considered to be impaired.

Loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring.

Both commercial and consumer loans are deemed impaired upon being contractually modified in a troubled debt restructuring. Troubled debt restructurings typically result from our loss mitigation activities and occur when we grant a concession to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty in order to minimize our economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.  Once restructured in a troubled debt restructuring, a loan is generally considered impaired until its maturity, regardless of whether the borrower performs under the modified terms.  Although such a loan may be returned to accrual status if the criteria set forth in our accounting policy are met, the loan would continue to be evaluated for an asset-specific allowance for loan losses and we would continue to report the loan in the impaired loan table below.

The table below sets forth information about our impaired loans.


Table of Contents
22


Method Used to Measure Impairment of Impaired Loans
 
 
Dollars in thousands
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
December 31,
 
Method used to measure impairment
Loan Category
2016
 
2015
 
2015
 
Commercial
$
36

 
$
44

 
$
41

 
Fair value of collateral
 
164

 
337

 
201

 
Discounted cash flow
Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
1,271

 
5,665

 
783

 
Fair value of collateral
 
7,104

 
9,056

 
7,616

 
Discounted cash flow
Non-owner occupied
5,529

 
1,633

 
5,728

 
Fair value of collateral
 
7,665

 
6,184

 
7,722

 
Discounted cash flow
Construction and development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land & land development
6,444

 
11,733

 
6,597

 
Fair value of collateral
 
2,160

 
2,286

 
2,177

 
Discounted cash flow
Residential mortgage
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-jumbo
1,800

 
1,719

 
1,753

 
Fair value of collateral
 
4,608

 
4,677

 
4,378

 
Discounted cash flow
Jumbo
3,739

 
5,672

 
3,869

 
Fair value of collateral
 
868

 
884

 
871

 
Discounted cash flow
Home equity
186

 
186

 
186

 
Fair value of collateral
 
523

 
523

 
523

 
Discounted cash flow
Consumer

 
2

 

 
Fair value of collateral
 
62

 
78

 
68

 
Discounted cash flow
Total
$
42,159

 
$
50,679

 
$
42,513

 
 


Table of Contents
23


The following tables present loans individually evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015.
 
March 31, 2016
Dollars in thousands
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Impaired
Balance
 
Interest Income
Recognized
while impaired
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Without a related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
200

 
$
200

 
$

 
$
200

 
$
9

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
5,446

 
5,446

 

 
5,446

 
211

Non-owner occupied
11,352

 
11,353

 

 
11,353

 
299

Construction and development
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
7,451

 
7,452

 

 
7,452

 
163

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
4,060

 
4,071

 

 
3,824

 
169

Jumbo
3,740

 
3,739

 

 
3,739

 
178

Home equity
710

 
709

 

 
709

 
32

Consumer
62

 
62

 

 
62

 
5

Total without a related allowance
$
33,021

 
$
33,032

 
$

 
$
32,785

 
$
1,066

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With a related allowance
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
2,929

 
2,929

 
89

 
2,929

 
112

Non-owner occupied
1,841

 
1,841

 
151

 
1,841

 
71

Construction and development
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
1,152

 
1,152

 
139

 
1,152

 

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,337

 
2,337

 
187

 
2,337

 
112

Jumbo
867

 
868

 
31

 
868

 
43

Home equity

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

Total with a related allowance
$
9,126

 
$
9,127

 
$
597

 
$
9,127

 
$
338

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$
30,371

 
$
30,373

 
$
379

 
$
30,373

 
$
865

Residential real estate
11,714

 
11,724

 
218

 
11,477

 
534

Consumer
62

 
62

 

 
62

 
5

Total
$
42,147

 
$
42,159

 
$
597

 
$
41,912

 
$
1,404







Table of Contents
24


 
December 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Impaired
Balance
 
Interest Income
Recognized
while impaired
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Without a related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
242

 
$
242

 
$

 
$
319

 
$
17

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
5,401

 
5,402

 

 
5,438

 
191

Non-owner occupied
10,740

 
10,741

 

 
9,982

 
310

Construction and development
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
7,635

 
7,635

 

 
9,497

 
263

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
3,590

 
3,600

 

 
3,316

 
160

Jumbo
3,871

 
3,869

 

 
4,412

 
181

Home equity
709

 
709

 

 
709

 
32

Consumer
68

 
68

 

 
72

 
6

Total without a related allowance
$
32,256

 
$
32,266

 
$

 
$
33,745

 
$
1,160

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With a related allowance
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
2,997

 
2,997

 
45

 
3,003

 
135

Non-owner occupied
2,709

 
2,709

 
386

 
2,728

 
72

Construction and development
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
1,139

 
1,139

 
85

 
1,154

 

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,530

 
2,531

 
226

 
2,552

 
114

Jumbo
871

 
871

 
34

 
878

 
43

Home equity

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

Total with a related allowance
$
10,246

 
$
10,247

 
$
776

 
$
10,315

 
$
364

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$
30,863

 
$
30,865

 
$
516

 
$
32,121

 
$
988

Residential real estate
11,571

 
11,580

 
260

 
11,867

 
530

Consumer
68

 
68

 

 
72

 
6

Total
$
42,502

 
$
42,513

 
$
776

 
$
44,060

 
$
1,524





 

Table of Contents
25


 
March 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Impaired
Balance
 
Interest Income
Recognized
while impaired
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Without a related allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
381

 
$
381

 
$

 
$
381

 
$
21

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
9,312

 
9,312

 

 
5,364

 
180

Non-owner occupied
5,183

 
5,185

 

 
3,858

 
180

Construction and development
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
13,121

 
13,121

 

 
13,121

 
436

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
3,763

 
3,772

 

 
3,772

 
167

Jumbo
5,669

 
5,672

 

 
5,672

 
235

Home equity
710

 
709

 

 
709

 
31

Consumer
80

 
80

 

 
80

 
7

Total without a related allowance
$
38,219

 
$
38,232

 
$

 
$
32,957

 
$
1,257

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With a related allowance
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
5,409

 
5,409

 
255

 
5,409

 
215

Non-owner occupied
2,632

 
2,632

 
21

 
2,632

 
123

Construction and development
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Land & land development
898

 
898

 
176

 
898

 

Construction

 

 

 

 

Residential real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-jumbo
2,623

 
2,624

 
276

 
2,624

 
119

Jumbo
883

 
884

 
43

 
884

 
44

Home equity

 

 

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

Total with a related allowance
$
12,445

 
$
12,447

 
$
771

 
$
12,447

 
$
501

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
$
36,936

 
$
36,938

 
$
452

 
$
31,663

 
$
1,155

Residential real estate
13,648

 
13,661

 
319

 
13,661

 
596

Consumer
80

 
80

 

 
80

 
7

Total
$
50,664

 
$
50,679

 
$
771

 
$
45,404

 
$
1,758


A modification of a loan is considered a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession that we would not otherwise consider. This may include a transfer of real estate or other assets from the borrower, a modification of loan terms, or a combination of both.  A loan continues to be classified as a TDR for the life of the loan.  Included in impaired loans are TDRs of $30.3 million, of which $29.2 million were current with respect to restructured contractual payments at March 31, 2016, and $30.5 million, of which $28.9 million were current with respect to restructured contractual payments at December 31, 2015.  There were no commitments to lend additional funds under these restructurings at either balance sheet date.

The following table presents by class the TDRs that were restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2016, there were no loans restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2015 . Generally, the modifications were extensions of term, modifying the payment terms from principal and interest to interest only for an extended period, or reduction in interest rate.  All TDRs are evaluated individually for allowance for loan loss purposes.


Table of Contents
26


 
For the Three Months Ended 
 March 31, 2016
Dollars in thousands
Number of
Modifications
 
Pre-modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-modification
Recorded
Investment
Commercial

 
$

 
$

Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied

 

 

Non-owner occupied

 

 

Construction and development
 
 
 
 
 
Land & land development

 

 

Construction

 

 

Residential real estate
 
 
 
 
 
Non-jumbo
1

 
250

 
250

Jumbo

 

 

Home equity

 

 

Consumer

 

 

Total
1

 
$
250

 
$
250



The following table presents defaults during the stated period of TDRs that were restructured during the past twelve months.  For purposes of these tables, a default is considered as either the loan was past due 30 days or more at any time during the period, or the loan was fully or partially charged off during the period. 

 
For the Three Months Ended 
 March 31, 2016
Dollars in thousands
Number
of
Defaults
 
Recorded
Investment
at Default Date
Commercial

 
$

Commercial real estate


 


Owner-occupied

 

Non-owner occupied

 

Construction and development

 


Land & land development
1

 
1,182

Construction

 

Residential real estate


 


Non-jumbo

 

Jumbo

 

Home equity

 

Consumer

 

Total
1

 
$
1,182



Table of Contents
27


The following table details the activity regarding TDRs by loan type for the three months ended March 31, 2016, and the related allowance on TDRs.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Construction & Land Development
 
 
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Residential Real Estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in thousands
Land &
Land
Develop-
ment
 
Construc-
tion
 
Commer-
cial
 
Owner
Occupied
 
Non-
Owner
Occupied
 
Non-
jumbo
 
Jumbo
 
Home
Equity
 
Con-
sumer
 
Other
 
Total
Troubled debt restructurings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance January 1, 2016
$
4,188

 
$

 
$
242

 
$
9,314

 
$
6,059

 
$
5,496

 
$
4,634

 
$
523

 
$
68

 
$

 
$
30,524

Additions

 

 

 

 

 
250

 

 

 

 

 
250

Charge-offs

 

 

 

 

 
(52
)
 

 

 

 

 
(52
)
Net (paydowns) advances
(191
)
 

 
(42
)
 
(33
)
 
(45
)
 
(29
)
 
(27
)
 

 
(6
)
 

 
(373
)
Transfer into foreclosed properties

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Refinance out of TDR status

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, March 31, 2016
$
3,997

 
$

 
$
200

 
$
9,281

 
$
6,014

 
$
5,665

 
$
4,607

 
$
523

 
$
62

 
$

 
$
30,349

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance related to troubled debt restructurings
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
153

 
$
10

 
$
187

 
$
31

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
381



We categorize loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. We analyze loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk.  We internally grade all commercial loans at the time of loan origination. In addition, we perform an annual loan review on all non-homogenous commercial loan relationships with an aggregate exposure of $2 million, at which time these loans are re-graded. We use the following definitions for our risk grades:

Pass: Loans graded as Pass are loans to borrowers of acceptable credit quality and risk. They are higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below.

OLEM (Special Mention):  Commercial loans categorized as OLEM are potentially weak. The credit risk may be relatively minor yet represent a risk given certain specific circumstances. If the potential weaknesses are not monitored or mitigated, the asset may weaken or inadequately protect our position in the future.

Substandard:   Commercial loans categorized as Substandard are inadequately protected by the borrower’s ability to repay, equity, and/or the collateral pledged to secure the loan. These loans have identified weaknesses that could hinder normal repayment or collection of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the identified weaknesses are not mitigated.

Doubtful:  Commercial loans categorized as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those loans classified as Substandard, with the added elements that the full collection of the loan is improbable and the possibility of loss is high.

Loss:  Loans classified as loss are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future.

The following table presents the recorded investment in construction and development, commercial, and commercial real estate loans which are generally evaluated based upon the internal risk ratings defined above.

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28


Loan Risk Profile by Internal Risk Rating
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and Development
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Land and Land Development
 
Construction
 
Commercial
 
Owner Occupied
 
Non-Owner Occupied
Dollars in thousands
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
Pass
$
58,189

 
$
57,155

 
$
7,997

 
$
9,970

 
$
100,120

 
$
95,174

 
$
200,487

 
$
202,226

 
$
346,784

 
$
329,861

OLEM (Special Mention)
1,528

 
1,598

 

 

 
1,310

 
1,295

 
536

 
546

 
939

 
1,602

Substandard
6,766

 
6,747

 

 

 
312

 
732

 
1,657

 
783

 
5,628

 
5,831

Doubtful

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total
$
66,483

 
$
65,500

 
$
7,997

 
$
9,970

 
$
101,742

 
$
97,201

 
$
202,680

 
$
203,555

 
$
353,351

 
$
337,294

 
The following table presents the recorded investment in consumer, residential real estate, and home equity loans, which are generally evaluated based on the aging status of the loans, which was previously presented, and payment activity.
 
Performing
 
Nonperforming
Dollars in thousands
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2015
 
3/31/2016
 
12/31/2015
 
3/31/2015
Residential real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-jumbo
$
218,345

 
$
218,763

 
$
216,509

 
$
3,023

 
$
2,987

 
$
3,429

Jumbo
50,057

 
50,313

 
49,779

 

 

 
713

Home Equity
73,872

 
74,042

 
68,545

 
225

 
258

 
349

Consumer
18,960

 
19,149

 
18,420

 
135

 
102

 
65

Other
11,235

 
11,669

 
11,074

 

 

 

Total
$
372,469

 
$
373,936

 
$
364,327

 
$
3,383

 
$
3,347

 
$
4,556


Loan commitments:  ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires that commitments to make mortgage loans should be accounted for as derivatives if the loans are to be held for sale, because the commitment represents a written option and accordingly is recorded at the fair value of the option liability.

NOTE 7.  ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

We maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level considered adequate to provide for estimated probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  The allowance is comprised of three distinct reserve components:  (1) specific reserves related to loans individually evaluated, (2) quantitative reserves related to loans collectively evaluated, and (3) qualitative reserves related to loans collectively evaluated.  A summary of the methodology we employ on a quarterly basis with respect to each of these components in order to evaluate the overall adequacy of our allowance for loan losses is as follows:

Specific Reserve for Loans Individually Evaluated

First, we identify loan relationships having aggregate balances in excess of $500,000 and that may also have credit weaknesses.  Such loan relationships are identified primarily through our analysis of internal loan evaluations, past due loan reports, and loans adversely classified by regulatory authorities.  Each loan so identified is then individually evaluated to determine whether it is impaired – that is, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the underlying loan agreement.  Substantially all of our impaired loans historically have been collateral dependent, meaning repayment of the loan is expected or is considered to be provided solely from the sale of the loan’s underlying collateral.  For such loans, we measure impairment based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral, which is generally determined utilizing current appraisals.  A specific reserve is established in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the recorded investment in each impaired loan over the fair value of its underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. Our policy is to re-evaluate the fair value of collateral dependent loans at least every twelve months unless there is a known deterioration in the collateral’s value, in which case a new appraisal is obtained. Beginning in 2014, for purposes of loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring and not internally graded as substandard, doubtful, or loss("performing TDRs") we began measuring impairment using the discounted cash flows method. Under this method, a specific reserve is established in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the recorded investment in each impaired loan over its discounted cash flows.

Quantitative Reserve for Loans Collectively Evaluated
 
Second, we stratify the loan portfolio into the following ten loan pools:  land and land development, construction, commercial, commercial real estate -- owner-occupied, commercial real estate -- non-owner occupied, conventional residential mortgage,

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29


jumbo residential mortgage, home equity, consumer, and other.  Quantitative reserves relative to each loan pool are established as follows:  for all loan segments detailed above an allocation equaling 100% of the respective pool’s average 12 month historical net loan charge-off rate (determined based upon the most recent twelve quarters) is applied to the aggregate recorded investment in the pool of loans.
 
Qualitative Reserve for Loans Collectively Evaluated
 
Third, we consider the necessity to adjust our average historical net loan charge-off rates relative to each of the above ten loan pools for potential risks factors that could result in actual losses deviating from prior loss experience.  For example, if we observe a significant increase in delinquencies within the conventional mortgage loan pool above historical trends, an additional allocation to the average historical loan charge-off rate is applied.  Such qualitative risk factors considered are:  (1) levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans, (2) levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries, (3)trends in volume and term of loans, (4) effects of any changes in risk selection and underwriting standards, and other changes in lending policies, procedures, and practice, (5) experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff, (6) national and local economic trends and conditions, (7) industry conditions, and (8) effects of changes in credit concentrations.

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, and for the year ended December 31, 2015 is as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended 
 March 31,
 
Year Ended 
 December 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2016
 
2015
 
2015
Balance, beginning of year
 
$
11,472

 
$
11,167

 
$
11,167

Losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
260

 
77

 
77

Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner occupied
 

 
266

 
559

Non-owner occupied
 
101

 

 
178

Construction and development
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land and land development
 

 
180

 
457

Construction
 

 

 

Residential real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-jumbo
 
120

 
160

 
417

Jumbo
 

 

 
208

Home equity
 
11

 
32

 
76

Consumer
 
15

 
43

 
69

Other
 
53

 
24

 
110

Total
 
560

 
782

 
2,151

Recoveries:
 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
 
59

 
2

 
10

Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner occupied
 
8

 
3

 
290

Non-owner occupied
 
3

 
2

 
13

Construction and development
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land and land development
 
5

 
11

 
456

Construction
 

 

 

Real estate - mortgage
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-jumbo
 
36

 
7

 
107

Jumbo
 

 
95

 
96

Home equity
 
1

 
1

 
3

Consumer
 
15

 
49

 
105

Other
 
26

 
22

 
126

Total
 
153

 
192

 
1,206

Net losses
 
407


590


945

Provision for loan losses
 
250

 
250

 
1,250

Balance, end of period
 
$
11,315


$
10,827


$
11,472

 
 

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30


Activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan class during the first three months of 2016 is as follows:
 
Construction & Land Development
 
 
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Residential Real Estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in thousands
Land &
Land
Develop-
ment
 
Construc-
tion
 
Commer-
cial
 
Owner
Occupied
 
Non-
Owner
Occupied
 
Non-
jumbo
 
Jumbo
 
Home
Equity
 
Con-
sumer
 
Other
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
2,852

 
$
15

 
$
780

 
$
1,589

 
$
2,977

 
$
1,253

 
$
1,593

 
$
253

 
$
60

 
$
100

 
$
11,472

Charge-offs

 

 
260

 

 
101

 
120

 

 
11

 
15

 
53

 
560

Recoveries
5

 

 
59

 
8

 
3

 
36

 

 
1

 
15

 
26

 
153

Provision
(1,207
)
 
(3
)
 
328

 
98

 
1,014

 
(56
)
 
3

 
28

 

 
45

 
250

Ending balance
$
1,650


$
12


$
907


$
1,695


$
3,893


$
1,113


$
1,596


$
271


$
60


$
118


$
11,315

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance related to:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Loans individually
evaluated for impairment
$
139

 
$

 
$

 
$
89

 
$
151

 
$
188

 
$
31

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
598

Loans collectively
evaluated for impairment
1,511

 
12

 
907

 
1,606

 
3,742

 
925

 
1,565

 
271

 
60

 
118

 
10,717

Total
$
1,650

 
$
12

 
$
907

 
$
1,695

 
$
3,893

 
$
1,113

 
$
1,596

 
$
271

 
$
60

 
$
118

 
$
11,315

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Loans individually
evaluated for impairment
$
8,604

 
$

 
$
200

 
$
8,375

 
$
13,194

 
$
6,408

 
$
4,607

 
$
709

 
$
62

 
$

 
$
42,159

Loans collectively
evaluated for impairment
57,879

 
7,997

 
101,542

 
194,305

 
340,157

 
214,960

 
45,450

 
73,388

 
19,033

 
11,235

 
$
1,065,946

Total
$
66,483

 
$
7,997

 
$
101,742

 
$
202,680

 
$
353,351

 
$
221,368

 
$
50,057

 
$
74,097

 
$
19,095

 
$
11,235

 
$
1,108,105


NOTE 8.  GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following tables present our goodwill by reporting unit at March 31, 2016 and other intangible assets by reporting unit at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
 
 
Goodwill Activity
Dollars in thousands
 
Community Banking
 
Insurance Services
 
Total
Balance, January 1, 2016
 
$
1,488

 
$
4,710

 
$
6,198

Acquired goodwill, net
 

 

 

Balance, March 31, 2016
 
$
1,488

 
$
4,710

 
$
6,198

 
 
Other Intangible Assets
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
 
Community
Banking
 
Insurance
Services
 
Total
 
Community
Banking
 
Insurances
Services
 
Total
Unidentifiable intangible assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross carrying amount
 
$
2,268

 
$

 
$
2,268

 
$
2,268

 
$

 
$
2,268

Less: accumulated amortization
 
2,268

 

 
2,268

 
2,268

 

 
2,268

Net carrying amount
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Identifiable intangible assets
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Gross carrying amount
 
$

 
$
3,000

 
$
3,000

 
$

 
$
3,000

 
$
3,000

Less: accumulated amortization
 

 
1,750

 
1,750

 

 
1,700

 
1,700

Net carrying amount
 
$

 
$
1,250

 
$
1,250

 
$

 
$
1,300

 
$
1,300


We recorded amortization expense of approximately $50,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 relative to our other intangible assets.  Annual amortization is expected to approximate $200,000 for each of the years ending 2016 through 2020.


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31


NOTE 9.  DEPOSITS

The following is a summary of interest bearing deposits by type as of March 31, 2016 and 2015 and December 31, 2015:
Dollars in thousands
 
March 31,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Demand deposits, interest bearing
 
$
210,878

 
$
215,721

 
$
196,606

Savings deposits
 
286,695

 
266,825

 
257,687

Time deposits
 
474,593

 
465,153

 
486,966

Total
 
$
972,166

 
$
947,699

 
$
941,259


Included in time deposits are deposits acquired through a third party (“brokered deposits”) totaling $138.8 million, $126.5 million and $139.5 million at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015, respectively.

A summary of the scheduled maturities for all time deposits as of March 31, 2016 is as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Nine month period ending December 31, 2016
$
178,643

Year ending December 31, 2017
101,517

Year ending December 31, 2018
69,566

Year ending December 31, 2019
41,780

Year ending December 31, 2020
42,061

Thereafter
41,026

Total
$
474,593


The following is a summary of the maturity distribution of all certificates of deposit in denominations of $100,000 or more as of March 31, 2016:
Dollars in thousands
Amount
 
Percent
Three months or less
$
56,301

 
15.9
%
Three through six months
27,534

 
7.8
%
Six through twelve months
70,482

 
19.9
%
Over twelve months
199,870

 
56.4
%
Total
$
354,187

 
100.00
%


NOTE 10.  BORROWED FUNDS

Short-term borrowings:    A summary of short-term borrowings is presented below:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2016
 
2015
Dollars in thousands
Short-term
FHLB
Advances
 
Federal Funds
Purchased
and Lines
of Credit
 
Short-term
FHLB
Advances
 
Federal Funds
Purchased
and Lines
of Credit
Balance at March 31
$
150,000

 
$
3,448

 
$
141,550

 
$
7,435

Average balance outstanding for the period
165,102

 
3,446

 
139,590

 
5,189

Maximum balance outstanding at any month end during period
188,450

 
3,448

 
141,780

 
7,435

Weighted average interest rate for the period
0.58
%
 
0.50
%
 
0.32
%
 
0.25
%
Weighted average interest rate for balances
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

     outstanding at March 31
0.57
%
 
0.50
%
 
0.31
%
 
0.25
%


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32


 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
Short-term
FHLB
Advances
 
Federal Funds
Purchased
and Lines
of Credit
 Balance at December 31
$
167,950

 
$
3,444

Average balance outstanding for the period
146,412

 
4,690

Maximum balance outstanding at any month end during period
171,160

 
7,438

Weighted average interest rate for the period
0.43
%
 
0.50
%
Weighted average interest rate for balances outstanding at December 31
0.35
%
 
0.26
%

Long-term borrowings:  Our long-term borrowings of $75.1 million, $75.6 million and $77.0 million at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015 respectively, consisted primarily of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and structured reverse repurchase agreements with two unaffiliated institutions. All FHLB advances are collateralized primarily by similar amounts of residential mortgage loans, certain commercial loans, mortgage backed securities and securities of U. S. Government agencies and corporations.
 
Balance at March 31,
 
Balance at 
 December 31,
Dollars in thousands
2016
 
2015
 
2015
Long-term FHLB advances
$
846

 
$
951

 
$
873

Long-term reverse repurchase agreements
72,000

 
72,000

 
72,000

Term loan
2,257

 
4,062

 
2,708

Total
$
75,103

 
$
77,013

 
$
75,581

 
The term loan at March 31, 2016 is secured by the common stock of our subsidiary bank and bears a variable interest rate of prime minus 50 basis points with a final maturity of 2017. Our long term FHLB borrowings and reverse repurchase agreements bear both fixed and variable rates and mature in varying amounts through the year 2026.

The average interest rate paid on long-term borrowings for the three month period ended March 31, 2016 was 4.41% compared to 4.32% for the first three months of 2015.

Subordinated debentures owed to unconsolidated subsidiary trusts:  We have three statutory business trusts that were formed for the purpose of issuing mandatorily redeemable securities (the “capital securities”) for which we are obligated to third party investors and investing the proceeds from the sale of the capital securities in our junior subordinated debentures (the “debentures”).  The debentures held by the trusts are their sole assets.  Our subordinated debentures totaled $19.6 million at March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015.

In October 2002, we sponsored SFG Capital Trust I, in March 2004, we sponsored SFG Capital Trust II, and in December 2005, we sponsored SFG Capital Trust III, of which 100% of the common equity of each trust is owned by us.  SFG Capital Trust I issued $3.5 million in capital securities and $109,000 in common securities and invested the proceeds in $3.61 million of debentures. SFG Capital Trust II issued $7.5 million in capital securities and $232,000 in common securities and invested the proceeds in $7.73 million of debentures. SFG Capital Trust III issued $8.0 million in capital securities and $248,000 in common securities and invested the proceeds in $8.25 million of debentures.  Distributions on the capital securities issued by the trusts are payable quarterly at a variable interest rate equal to 3 month LIBOR plus 345basis points for SFG Capital Trust I, 3 month LIBOR plus 280basis points for SFG Capital Trust II, and 3 month LIBOR plus 145basis points for SFG Capital Trust III, and equals the interest rate earned on the debentures held by the trusts, and is recorded as interest expense by us.  The capital securities are subject to mandatory redemption in whole or in part, upon repayment of the debentures.  We have entered into agreements which, taken collectively, fully and unconditionally guarantee the capital securities subject to the terms of the guarantee.  The debentures of each Capital Trust are redeemable by us quarterly.

The capital securities held by SFG Capital Trust I, SFG Capital Trust II, and SFG Capital Trust III qualify as Tier 1 capital under Federal Reserve Board guidelines.  In accordance with these Guidelines, trust preferred securities generally are limited to 25% of Tier 1 capital elements, net of goodwill.  The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit can be included in Tier 2 capital.
 
A summary of the maturities of all long-term borrowings and subordinated debentures for the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

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33


Dollars in thousands
 
 
Long-term
borrowings
 
Subordinated
debentures owed
to unconsolidated
subsidiary trusts
Year Ending December 31,
2016
 
$
28,433

 
$

 
2017
 
918

 

 
2018
 
45,017

 

 
2019
 
18

 

 
2020
 
19

 

 
Thereafter
 
698

 
19,589

 
 
 
$
75,103

 
$
19,589



NOTE 11.  SHARE BASED COMPENSATION

The 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2014 LTIP”) was adopted by our shareholders in May 2014 to enhance the ability of the Company to attract and retain exceptionally qualified individuals to serve as key employees. The LTIP provides for the issuance of up to 500,000 shares of common stock, in the form of equity awards including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), performance units, other stock-based awards or any combination thereof,  to our key employees. 

Stock options awarded under the 2009 Officer Stock Option Plan and the 1998 Officer Stock Option Plan (collectively, the “Plans”) were not altered by the 2014 LTIP, and remain subject to the terms of the Plans.  However, under the terms of the 2014 LTIP, all shares of common stock remaining issuable under the Plans at the time the 2014 LTIP was adopted ceased to be available for future issuance.
 
Under the 2014 LTIP and the Plans, stock options and SARs have generally been granted with an exercise price equal to the fair value of Summit's common stock on the grant date. We periodically grant employee stock options to individual employees. During second quarter 2015, we granted 166,717 SARs that become exercisable ratably over five years (20% per year) and expire ten years after the grant date. There were no grants of stock options or SARs in first quarter 2016 or first quarter 2015.

The fair value of our employee stock options and SARs granted under the Plans is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, changes to which can materially affect the fair value estimate. Additionally, there may be other factors that would otherwise have a significant effect on the value of employee stock options and SARs granted but are not considered by the model. Because our employee stock options and SARs have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options and SARs at the time of grant. The assumptions used to value SARs issued during 2015 were a risk-free interest rate of 1.96%, an expected dividend yield of 2.75%, an expected common stock volatility of 61.84%, and an expected life of 10 years.

We recognize compensation expense based on the estimated number of stock awards expected to actually vest, exclusive of the awards expected to be forfeited.  During the first three months of 2016 and 2015, our stock compensation expense and related deferred taxes were insignificant.

A summary of activity in our Plans during the first three months of 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Options/SARs
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
 
Options/SARs
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Outstanding, January 1
244,147

 
$
14.05

 
157,170

 
$
20.43

Granted

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

Expired

 

 

 

Outstanding, March 31
244,147

 
$
14.05

 
157,170

 
$
20.43



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34



Other information regarding awards outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2016 is as follows:
 
Options/SARs Outstanding
 
Options/SARs Exercisable
Range of
exercise price
# of
awards
 
WAEP
 
Wted. Avg.
Remaining
Contractual
Life (yrs)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
# of
awards
 
WAEP
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
$2.54 - $6.00
7,750

 
$
3.75

 
4.93
 
$
91

 
7,750

 
$
3.75

 
$
91

6.01 - 10.00
12,680

 
8.71

 
2.40
 
86

 
12,680

 
8.71

 
86

10.01 - 17.50
166,717

 
12.01

 
9.07
 

 

 

 

17.51 - 20.00
23,400

 
17.80

 
1.76
 

 
23,400

 
17.80

 

20.01 - 25.93
33,600

 
25.93

 
2.19
 

 
33,600

 
25.93

 

 
244,147

 
14.05

 
 
 
$
177

 
77,430

 
18.43

 
$
177


NOTE 12.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are a party to certain financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers.  These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the statement of financial position.  The contract amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement that we have in this class of financial instruments.

Many of our lending relationships contain both funded and unfunded elements.  The funded portion is reflected on our balance sheet.  The unfunded portion of these commitments is not recorded on our balance sheet until a draw is made under the loan facility.  Since many of the commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements.

A summary of the total unfunded, or off-balance sheet, credit extension commitments follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
March 31,
2016
Commitments to extend credit:
 
 
Revolving home equity and credit card lines
 
$
59,628

Construction loans
 
32,721

Other loans
 
54,643

Standby letters of credit
 
3,900

Total
 
$
150,892


Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  We evaluate each customer's credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis.  The amount of collateral obtained, if we deem necessary upon extension of credit, is based on our credit evaluation.  Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, equipment or real estate.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  Standby letters of credit generally are contingent upon the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the underlying contract with the third party.

Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  We use the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as we do for on-balance sheet instruments.

Legal Contingencies

On May 13, 2014, the ResCap Liquidating Trust (“ResCap”), as successor to Residential Funding Company, LLC f/k/a Residential Funding Corporation (“RFC”), filed a complaint against Summit Financial Mortgage, LLC (“Summit Mortgage”), a former

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residential mortgage subsidiary of Summit whose operations were discontinued in 2007, in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York and subsequently amended its complaint on July 25, 2014. The Amended Complaint asserts the following three causes of action related to Summit Mortgage’s origination and subsequent sale of mortgage loans to Residential Funding Corporation:  1) Summit Mortgage breached its representations and warranties made in the contract governing the sale of the mortgage loans to RFC;  2) an indemnification claim against Summit Mortgage for damages paid by ResCap to settle claims in RFC’s bankruptcy proceeding which allegedly relate to mortgage loans Summit Mortgage sold to RFC; 3) a claim for damages against Summit Community Bank, Inc., former parent of Summit Mortgage, arising out of a guaranty in which the Bank guaranteed Summit Mortgage’s full performance under the contract governing the sale of mortgage loans to RFC. Summit has filed a motion to dismiss the case. Based upon the applicable statute of limitations, the Court granted our motion to dismiss the breach of contract claim with respect to loans Summit sold to RFC prior to March 14, 2006. The court otherwise denied our motion to dismiss on the grounds that the other arguments raised factual questions that could not be decided on a motion to dismiss. An estimate as to possible loss resulting from the Amended Complaint cannot be provided at this time because such an estimate cannot be made. Summit intends to defend these claims vigorously.
 
We are not a party to any other litigation except for matters that arise in the normal course of business.  While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate resolution or range of financial liability with respect to these contingent matters, in the opinion of management, the outcome of these matters will not have a significant adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 13.  REGULATORY MATTERS

We and our subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the banking regulatory agencies.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, we and each of our subsidiaries must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of our and our subsidiaries’ assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.  We and each of our subsidiaries’ capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require us and each of our subsidiaries to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier I capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined).  We believe, as of March 31, 2016, that we and each of our subsidiaries met all capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject.

The most recent notifications from the banking regulatory agencies categorized us and each of our subsidiaries as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as well capitalized, we and each of our subsidiaries must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table below.
The Basel III Capital Rules became effective for us on January 1, 2015, with full compliance with all of the final rule's requirements phased in over a multi-year schedule, to be fully phased-in by January 1, 2019. As of March 31, 2016, our capital levels remained characterized as "well-capitalized" under the new rules. See the Capital Requirements section included in Part I Item 1 Business of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of Basel III.

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The following table presents Summit's, as well as our subsidiary, Summit Community Bank's ("Summit Community"), actual and required minimum capital amounts and ratios as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 under the Basel III Capital Rules. The minimum required capital levels presented below reflect the minimum required capital levels (inclusive of the full capital conservation buffers) that will be effective as of January 1, 2019 when the Basel III Capital Rules have been fully phased-in. Capital levels required to be considered well capitalized are based upon prompt corrective action regulations, as amended to reflect the changes under the Basel III Capital Rules.
 
 
 Actual
 
Minimum Required Capital - Basel III Fully Phased-in
 
Minimum Required To Be Well Capitalized
Dollars in thousands
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
As of March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CET1 (to risk weighted assets)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summit
 
$
140,888

 
11.9
%
 
$
82,875

 
7.0
%
 
$
76,956

 
6.5
%
Summit Community
 
160,433

 
13.6
%
 
82,576

 
7.0
%
 
76,678

 
6.5
%
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Summit
 
159,888

 
13.5
%
 
100,670

 
8.5
%
 
94,748

 
8.0
%
Summit Community
 
160,433

 
13.6
%
 
100,271

 
8.5
%
 
94,372

 
8.0
%
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summit
 
171,202

 
14.5
%
 
123,974

 
10.5
%
 
118,070

 
10.0
%
Summit Community
 
171,747

 
14.5
%
 
124,369

 
10.5
%
 
118,446

 
10.0
%
Tier I Capital (to average assets)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Summit
 
159,888

 
10.7
%
 
59,771

 
4.0
%
 
74,714

 
5.0
%
Summit Community
 
160,433

 
10.7
%
 
59,975

 
4.0
%
 
74,969

 
5.0
%

 
 
 Actual
 
Minimum Required Capital - Basel III Fully Phased-in
 
Minimum Required To Be Well Capitalized
Dollars in thousands
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
As of December 31, 2015
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

CET1 (to risk weighted assets)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summit
 
137,849

 
11.8
%
 
81,775

 
7.0
%
 
75,934

 
6.5
%
Summit Community
 
158,081

 
13.6
%
 
81,365

 
7.0
%
 
75,553

 
6.5
%
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Summit
 
156,849

 
13.4
%
 
99,494

 
8.5
%
 
93,641

 
8.0
%
Summit Community
 
158,081

 
13.6
%
 
98,801

 
8.5
%
 
92,989

 
8.0
%
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Summit
 
168,321

 
14.4
%
 
122,734

 
10.5
%
 
116,890

 
10.0
%
Summit Community
 
169,553

 
14.5
%
 
122,780

 
10.5
%
 
116,933

 
10.0
%
Tier I Capital (to average assets)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Summit
 
156,849

 
10.7
%
 
58,635

 
4.0
%
 
73,294

 
5.0
%
Summit Community
 
158,081

 
10.8
%
 
58,549

 
4.0
%
 
73,186

 
5.0
%


NOTE  14.  SEGMENT INFORMATION

We operate two business segments:  community banking and insurance & financial services.  These segments are primarily identified by the products or services offered.  The community banking segment consists of our full service banks which offer customers traditional banking products and services through various delivery channels.  The insurance & financial services segment includes three insurance agency offices that sell insurance products.  The accounting policies discussed throughout the notes to the consolidated financial statements apply to each of our business segments.


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Inter-segment revenue and expense consists of management fees allocated to the community banking and the insurance & financial services segments for all centralized functions that are performed by the parent, including overall direction in the areas of strategic planning, investment portfolio management, asset/liability management, financial reporting and other financial and administrative services.  Information for each of our segments is included below:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Dollars in thousands
 
Community
Banking
 
Insurance &
Financial
Services
 
Parent
 
Eliminations
 
Total
Net interest income (loss)
 
$
11,938

 
$

 
$
(159
)
 
$

 
$
11,779

Provision for loan losses
 
250

 

 

 

 
250

Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
 
11,688




(159
)



11,529

Other income
 
1,757

 
1,049

 
389

 
(389
)
 
2,806

Other expenses
 
7,274

 
1,055

 
614

 
(389
)
 
8,554

Income (loss) before income taxes
 
6,171


(6
)

(384
)



5,781

Income tax expense (benefit)
 
1,843

 
(2
)
 
(122
)
 

 
1,719

Net income (loss)
 
$
4,328

 
$
(4
)
 
$
(262
)
 
$


$
4,062

Inter-segment revenue (expense)
 
$
(361
)
 
$
(28
)
 
$
389

 
$

 
$

Average assets
 
$
1,526,926

 
$
5,866

 
$
171,028

 
$
(198,706
)
 
$
1,505,114


 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
 
Community
Banking
 
Insurance &
Financial
Services
 
Parent
 
Eliminations
 
Total
Net interest income
 
$
11,751

 
$

 
$
(231
)
 
$

 
$
11,520

Provision for loan losses
 
250

 

 

 

 
250

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
 
11,501

 

 
(231
)
 


11,270

Other income
 
1,849

 
1,290

 
283

 
(283
)
 
3,139

Other expenses
 
6,857

 
1,055

 
575

 
(283
)
 
8,204

Income (loss) before income taxes
 
6,493

 
235

 
(523
)
 


6,205

Income tax expense (benefit)
 
2,035

 
64

 
(179
)
 

 
1,920

Net income (loss)
 
$
4,458

 
$
171

 
$
(344
)
 
$


$
4,285

Inter-segment revenue (expense)
 
$
(256
)
 
$
(27
)
 
$
283

 
$

 
$

Average assets
 
$
1,488,109

 
$
5,893

 
$
168,954

 
$
(208,885
)
 
$
1,454,071



NOTE  15.  DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We use derivative instruments primarily to protect against the risk of adverse interest rate movements on the cash flows of certain liabilities and the fair values of certain assets.  Derivative instruments represent contracts between parties that usually require little or no initial net investment and result in one party delivering cash or another type of asset to the other party based upon a notional amount and an underlying as specified in the contract.  A notional amount represents the number of units of a specific item, such as currency units.  An underlying represents a variable, such as an interest rate or price index.  The amount of cash or other asset delivered from one party to the other is determined based upon the interaction of the notional amount of the contract with the underlying.  Derivatives can also be implicit in certain contracts and commitments.

As with any financial instrument, derivative instruments have inherent risks, primarily market and credit risk.  Market risk associated with changes in interest rates is managed by establishing and monitoring limits as to the degree of risk that may be

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undertaken as part of our overall market risk monitoring process.  Credit risk occurs when a counterparty to a derivative contract with an unrealized gain fails to perform according to the terms of the agreement.  Credit risk is managed by monitoring the size and maturity structure of the derivative portfolio, and applying uniform credit standards to all activities with credit risk.
 
In accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, all derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.  Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in current earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated as part of a hedge transaction and, if it is, depending on the type of hedge transaction.

Fair-value hedges – For transactions in which we are hedging changes in fair value of an asset, liability, or a firm commitment, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are generally offset in the income statement by changes in the hedged item’s fair value.

Cash-flow hedges – For transactions in which we are hedging the variability of cash flows related to a variable-rate asset, liability, or a forecasted transaction, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are reported in other comprehensive income. The gains and losses on the derivative instrument, which are reported in comprehensive income, are reclassified to    earnings in the periods in which earnings are impacted by the variability of cash flows of the hedged item.

The ineffective portion of all hedges is recognized in current period earnings.

Other derivative instruments – For risk management purposes that do not meet the hedge accounting criteria and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting.  These derivative instruments are accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in the income statement.
 
We have entered into three forward-starting, pay-fixed/receive LIBOR interest rate swaps.  $40 million notional with an effective date of July 18, 2016, was designated as a cash flow hedge of $40 million of forecasted variable rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances.  Under the terms of this swap we will pay a fixed rate of 2.98% for a 3 year period.  $30 million notional with an effective date of April 18, 2016, was designated as a cash flow hedge of $30 million of forecasted variable rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances.  Under the terms of this swap we will pay a fixed rate of 2.89% for a 4.5 year period.   $40 million notional with an effective date of October 18, 2016,  was designated as a cash flow hedge of $40 million of forecasted variable rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances.  Under the terms of the swap we will pay a fixed rate of 2.84% for a 3 year period.

We have entered into two pay fixed/receive variable interest rate swaps to hedge fair value variability of two commercial fixed rate loans with the same principal, amortization, and maturity terms of the underlying loans, which are designated as fair value hedges. Under the terms of an $9.95 million notional swap with an effective date of January 15, 2015, we will pay a fixed rate of 4.33% for a 10 year period. Under the terms of an $11.3 million notional swap with an effective date of December 18, 2015, we will pay a fixed rate of 4.30% for a 10 year period.

A summary of our derivative financial instruments as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 follows:

 
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
Derivative Fair Value
 
Net Ineffective
Dollars in thousands
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
 
Liability
 
Hedge Gains/(Losses)
CASH FLOW HEDGES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long term borrowings
$
110,000

 
$

 
$
7,391

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FAIR VALUE HEDGES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans
$
21,250

 
$

 
$
847

 
$



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December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Derivative Fair Value
 
Net Ineffective
Dollars in thousands
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
 
Liability
 
Hedge Gains/(Losses)
CASH FLOW HEDGES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long term borrowings
$
110,000

 
$

 
$
5,071

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FAIR VALUE HEDGES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans
$
21,250

 
$
94

 
$
95

 
$


NOTE 16. EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN ("ESOP")

On July 30, 2015, our ESOP purchased 225,000 shares of Summit Financial Group Inc. common stock in a privately negotiated transaction, at $10.80 per share for a total purchase price of $2,430,000. On July 21, 2015, our Board of Directors approved the company lending to our ESOP $2,250,000 to partially finance the purchase, and was used to purchase 208,333 unallocated shares.

In accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, this purchase of unallocated ESOP shares will be shown as a reduction of shareholders' equity, similar to a purchase of treasury stock. The loan receivable from the ESOP to the Company is not reported as an asset nor is the debt of the ESOP reported as a liability on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Cash dividends on allocated shares (those credited to ESOP participants' accounts) are recorded as a reduction of shareholders' equity and distributed directly to participants' accounts.  Cash dividends on unallocated shares (those held by the ESOP not yet credited to participants' accounts) are used to pay a portion of the ESOPs debt service requirements.  

Unallocated ESOP shares will be allocated to ESOP participants ratably as the ESOP's loan is repaid. When the shares are committed to be released and become available for allocation to plan participants, the then fair value of such shares will be charged to compensation expense.  Unallocated shares owned by the Company’s ESOP are not considered to be outstanding for the purpose of computing earnings per share.

The ESOP shares as of March 31 as are follows:

ESOP Shares
 
 
 
 
At March 31,
 
2016
 
2015
Allocated shares
406,371

 
321,449

Shares committed to be released
8,893

 

Unallocated shares
172,929

 

Total ESOP shares
588,193

 
321,449

 
 
 
 
Market value of unallocated shares (in thousands)
$
2,675

 
$


NOTE 17. PENDING ACQUISITION
On February 29, 2016, we entered into a Definitive Merger Agreement between Summit Community Bank, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Summit, and Highland County Bankshares, Inc. ("HCB"). Pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, Summit Community Bank, Inc. will acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of HCB in exchange for cash in the amount of $38.00 per share, subject to an adjustment if HCB’s adjusted shareholders’ equity as of the effective date of the merger deviates materially from the target determined by the parties. HCB's assets approximated $130 million at March 31, 2016.
We anticipate the acquisition will close in the third quarter of 2016, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approval and approval of HCB's shareholders. Following the consummation of the merger, HCB’s wholly-owned subsidiary First and Citizens Bank will be consolidated with Summit Community Bank.


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Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

INTRODUCTION

The following discussion and analysis focuses on significant changes in our financial condition and results of operations of Summit Financial Group, Inc. (“Company” or “Summit”) and our operating segments, Summit Community Bank (“Summit Community”), and Summit Insurance Services, LLC for the periods indicated.  See Note 14 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for our segment information.  This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our 2014 audited financial statements and Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995 indicates that the disclosure of forward-looking information is desirable for investors and encourages such disclosure by providing a safe harbor for forward-looking statements by us.  Our following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainty.  In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, we note that a variety of factors could cause our actual results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in those forward-looking statements.

OVERVIEW

Our primary source of income is net interest income from loans and deposits.  Business volumes tend to be influenced by the overall economic factors including market interest rates, business spending, and consumer confidence, as well as competitive conditions within the marketplace.

Interest earning assets increased by 4.39% for the first three months in 2016 compared to the same period of 2015 while our net interest earnings on a tax equivalent basis increased 2.45%.  Our tax equivalent net interest margin decreased 9 basis points as our yield on interest earning assets declined 10 basis points while our cost of interest bearing funds increased 1 basis point.

BUSINESS SEGMENT RESULTS

We are organized and managed along two major business segments, as described in Note 14 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  The results of each business segment are intended to reflect each segment as if it were a stand alone business.  Net income by segment follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2016
 
2015
Community banking
 
$
4,328

 
$
4,458

Insurance & financial services
 
(4
)
 
171

Parent
 
(262
)
 
(344
)
Consolidated net income
 
$
4,062

 
$
4,285


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and follow general practices within the financial services industry.  Application of these principles requires us to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and accompanying notes.  These estimates, assumptions, and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions, and judgments.  Certain policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported.

Our most significant accounting policies are presented in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  These policies, along with the other disclosures presented in the financial statement notes and in this financial review, provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the financial statements and how those values are determined.

Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, assumptions, and estimates underlying those amounts, we have identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of goodwill, fair value measurements and deferred tax assets to be the accounting areas that require the most subjective or complex judgments, and as such could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available.

Allowance for Loan Losses:  The allowance for loan losses represents our estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it

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requires significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change.  The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset type on our consolidated balance sheet.  To the extent actual outcomes differ from our estimates, additional provisions for loan losses may be required that would negatively impact earnings in future periods.  Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K describes the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses and a discussion of the factors driving changes in the amount of the allowance for loan losses is included in the Asset Quality section of the financial review of the 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Goodwill:  Goodwill is subject to an analysis by reporting unit at least annually to determine whether write-downs of the recorded balances are necessary.  Initially, an assessment of qualitative factors (Step 0) is performed to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary.  However, if we conclude otherwise, then we are required to perform the first step (Step 1) of the two-step impairment test by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing the fair value with the carrying amount of the reporting unit.  If the fair value is less than the carrying value, an expense may be required on our books to write down the goodwill to the proper carrying value.  Step 2 of impairment testing, which is necessary only if the reporting unit does not pass Step 1, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill for the reporting unit.  The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill that is recognized in a business combination.

Community Banking – During third quarter 2015, we performed the Step 0 assessment of our goodwill of our community banking reporting unit and determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value was less than its carrying value.  In performing the qualitative Step 0 assessments, we considered certain events and circumstances  such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and cost factors when evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. No indicators of impairment were noted as of September 30, 2015.
 
Insurance Services – During third quarter 2015, we performed the Step 0 assessment of our goodwill of our insurance services reporting unit.  We considered certain events and circumstances specific to the reporting unit, such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and cost factors when evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our insurance services reporting unit is less than its carrying value and deemed it necessary to perform the further 2-step impairment test.  We performed an internal valuation utilizing the income approach to determine the fair value of our insurance services reporting unit.  This methodology consisted of discounting the expected future cash flows of this unit based upon a forecast of its operations considering long-term key business drivers such as anticipated commission revenue growth.  The long term growth rate used in determining the terminal value was estimated at 2%, and a discount rate of 10.0% was applied to the insurance services unit’s estimated future cash flows.  We did not fail this Step 1 test as of September 30, 2015, therefore Step 2 testing was not necessary.
 
We cannot assure you that future goodwill impairment tests will not result in a charge to earnings. See Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of our intangible assets, which include goodwill.

Fair Value Measurements:  ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures provides a definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that could be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques, we classify our financial assets and liabilities measured and disclosed at fair value in accordance with the three-level hierarchy (e.g., Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3) established under ASC Topic 820. Fair value determination in accordance with this guidance requires that we make a number of significant judgments. In determining the fair value of financial instruments, we use market prices of the same or similar instruments whenever such prices are available. We do not use prices involving distressed sellers in determining fair value. If
observable market prices are unavailable or impracticable to obtain, then fair value is estimated using modeling techniques such as discounted cash flow analyses. These modeling techniques incorporate our assessments regarding assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or the liability, including assumptions about the risks inherent in a particular valuation technique and the risk of nonperformance.
 

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Fair value is used on a recurring basis for certain assets and liabilities in which fair value is the primary basis of accounting. Additionally, fair value is used on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets or liabilities for impairment or for disclosure purposes in accordance with ASC Topic 825 Financial Instruments.
 
Deferred Income Tax Assets:  At March 31, 2016, we had net deferred tax assets of $12.2 million. Based on our ability to offset the net deferred tax asset against taxable income in carryback years and expected future taxable income in carryforward years, there was no impairment of the deferred tax asset at March 31, 2016.  All available evidence, both positive and negative, was considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, impairment should be recognized. However, our forecast process includes judgmental and quantitative elements that may be subject to significant change. If our forecast of taxable income within the carryback/carryforward periods available under applicable law is not sufficient to cover the amount of net deferred tax assets, such assets may become impaired.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Earnings Summary

Net income applicable to common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2016 decreased to $4.06 million, or $0.38 per diluted share as compared to $4.29 million or $0.41 per diluted share for the same period of 2015. Earnings for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 were positively impacted by increased net interest income, and lower write-downs of foreclosed properties to their fair values while being negatively impacted by lower insurance commission revenues and higher noninterest expenses.  Included in earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $6,000 in gains on the sales of foreclosed properties, and $109,000 of charges resulting from the write-down of a portion of our foreclosed properties to fair value.  Returns on average equity and assets for the first three months of 2016 were 11.10% and 1.08%, respectively, compared with 12.79% and 1.18% for the same period of 2015.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the principal component of our earnings and represents the difference between interest and fee income generated from earning assets and the interest expense paid on deposits and borrowed funds.  Fluctuations in interest rates as well as changes in the volume and mix of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities can materially impact net interest income.

Our net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis totaled $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, or $291,000 or 2.45% more than the $11.9 million for the same period of 2015.  Our tax-equivalent earnings on interest earning assets increased $454,000, while the cost of interest bearing liabilities also increased $163,000 (see Table II).

Average interest earning assets increased 4.4% from $1.34 billion during the first three months of 2015 to $1.40 billion for the first three months of 2016, while average interest bearing liabilities increased 2.7% from $1.19 billion at March 31, 2015 to $1.22 billion at March 31, 2016. The growth in interest earning assets outpaced the growth in interest bearing liabilities, and was funded primarily by reductions in property held for sale, growth in deposits, increased short term borrowings, and growth in equity.

Our consolidated net interest margin decreased to 3.50% for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to 3.59% for the same period in 2015, as the yields on earning assets decreased 10 basis points, while the cost of our interest bearing funds increased by 1 basis point.

Assuming no significant change in market interest rates, we anticipate modest growth in our net interest income to continue over the near term due to growth in the volume of interest earning assets, primarily loans, coupled with expected moderate improvement in net interest margin over the same period.  We continue to monitor the net interest margin through net interest income simulation to minimize the potential for any significant negative impact.  See the “Market Risk Management” section for further discussion of the impact changes in market interest rates could have on us.  Further analysis of our yields on interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities are presented in Tables I and II below.

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43


Table I - Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Income Analysis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
March 31, 2015
Dollars in thousands
Average
Balance
 
Earnings/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Earnings/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
Interest earning assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans, net of unearned fees (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
$
1,089,083

 
$
13,291

 
4.91
%
 
$
1,035,610

 
$
12,734

 
4.99
%
Tax-exempt (2)
15,824

 
220

 
5.59
%
 
12,567

 
174

 
5.62
%
Securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
209,365

 
1,083

 
2.08
%
 
211,471

 
1,281

 
2.46
%
Tax-exempt (2)
79,314

 
974

 
4.94
%
 
76,012

 
927

 
4.95
%
Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks
8,092

 
3

 
0.15
%
 
7,081

 
1

 
0.06
%
Total interest earning assets
1,401,678

 
15,571

 
4.47
%
 
1,342,741

 
15,117

 
4.57
%
Noninterest earning assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash & due from banks
3,762

 
 

 
 

 
3,679

 
 
 
 
Premises and equipment
21,594

 
 

 
 

 
20,203

 
 
 
 
Property held for sale
25,465

 
 
 
 
 
36,791

 
 
 
 
Other assets
64,177

 
 

 
 

 
61,894

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
(11,562
)
 
 

 
 

 
(11,237
)
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
1,505,114

 
 

 
 

 
$
1,454,071

 
 
 
 
Interest bearing liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest bearing demand deposits
$
209,733

 
$
83

 
0.16
%
 
199,840

 
58

 
0.12
%
Savings deposits
277,396

 
506

 
0.73
%
 
254,398

 
428

 
0.68
%
Time deposits
471,597

 
1,581

 
1.35
%
 
485,975

 
1,585

 
1.32
%
Short-term borrowings
168,548

 
240

 
0.57
%
 
144,779

 
112

 
0.31
%
Long-term borrowings and capital trust securities
95,052

 
976

 
4.13
%
 
105,741

 
1,040

 
3.99
%
Total interest bearing liabilities
1,222,326

 
3,386

 
1.11
%
 
1,190,733

 
3,223

 
1.10
%
Noninterest bearing liabilities and shareholders' equity
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
120,464

 
 

 
 

 
115,198

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
15,928

 
 

 
 

 
14,096

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
1,358,718

 
 

 
 

 
1,320,027

 
 
 
 
Shareholders' equity - preferred

 
 

 
 

 
7,244

 
 
 
 
Shareholders' equity - common
146,396

 
 

 
 

 
126,800

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
1,505,114

 
 

 
 

 
$
1,454,071

 
 
 
 
Net interest earnings
 

 
$
12,185

 
 

 
 
 
$
11,894

 
 
Net yield on interest earning assets
 
 

 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.59
%

(1)
- For purposes of this table, nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.
(2)
- Interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans has been adjusted assuming an effective tax rate of 34% for all periods presented. The tax equivalent adjustment resulted in an increase in interest income of $406,000 and $374,000 for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



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Table II - Changes in Interest Margin Attributable to Rate and Volume
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
 
March 31, 2016 versus March 31, 2015
 
 
Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in:
Dollars in thousands
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Net
Interest earned on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
$
738

 
$
(181
)
 
$
557

Tax-exempt
 
47

 
(1
)
 
46

Securities
 
 

 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
(12
)
 
(186
)
 
(198
)
Tax-exempt
 
48

 
(1
)
 
47

Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with other banks
 

 
2

 
2

Total interest earned on interest earning assets
 
821

 
(367
)
 
454

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest paid on:
 
 

 
 
 
 
Interest bearing demand deposits
 
3

 
22

 
25

Savings deposits
 
42

 
36

 
78

Time deposits
 
(40
)
 
36

 
(4
)
Short-term borrowings
 
22

 
106

 
128

Long-term borrowings and capital trust securities
 
(102
)
 
38

 
(64
)
Total interest paid on interest bearing liabilities
 
(75
)
 
238

 
163

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
 
$
896

 
$
(605
)
 
$
291


Noninterest Income

Total noninterest income decreased to $2.8 million for the first three months of 2016, compared to $3.1 million for the same period of 2015.  Further detail regarding noninterest income is reflected in the following table.
Table III - Noninterest Income
 
 
 
 
For the Quarter Ended March 31,
Dollars in thousands
2016
 
2015
Insurance commissions
$
924

 
$
1,128

Service fees related to deposit accounts
978

 
976

Realized securities gains
393

 
480

Bank owned life insurance income
256

 
261

Other
255

 
294

Total
$
2,806

 
$
3,139


Noninterest Expense

Total noninterest expense decreased 4.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2016, as compared to the same period in 2015, with lower write-downs of foreclosed properties and lower foreclosed properties expense having the largest positive impacts and higher salaries, commissions, and employee benefits having the largest negative impact.  Table IV below shows the breakdown of the changes.

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Table IV - Noninterest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
For the Quarter Ended March 31,
 
 
 
Change
 
 
Dollars in thousands
2016
 
 $
 
%
 
2015
Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits
$
4,682

 
$
495

 
11.8
 %
 
$
4,187

Net occupancy expense
540

 
41

 
8.2
 %
 
499

Equipment expense
656

 
121

 
22.6
 %
 
535

Professional fees
472

 
137

 
40.9
 %
 
335

Amortization of intangibles
50

 

 
 %
 
50

FDIC premiums
300

 
(30
)
 
(9.1
)%
 
330

Merger expense
112

 
112

 
n/a

 

Foreclosed properties expense
124

 
(84
)
 
(40.4
)%
 
208

(Gain) loss on sales of foreclosed properties
(6
)
 
(156
)
 
(104.0
)%
 
150

Write-downs of foreclosed properties
109

 
(463
)
 
(80.9
)%
 
572

Other
1,515

 
177

 
13.2
 %
 
1,338

Total
$
8,554

 
$
350

 
4.3
 %
 
$
8,204


Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits: These expenses are 11.8% higher in first three months of 2016 compared to first three months of 2015 due to an increase in number of employees, general merit raises, and increased incentive accruals based upon performance. In accordance with our policies, substantially all salary and wage merit raises are awarded at the beginning of the second quarter of each year.

Foreclosed properties expense: Management expects foreclosed properties expense to trend lower than in recent years due to lower levels of foreclosed properties.

Write-downs of foreclosed properties: Management anticipates write-downs of foreclosed properties to their fair values to trend lower in 2016 than in recent years.

Credit Experience

As a result of a historically slow economic recovery, our foreclosed properties portfolio remains elevated relative to our peers.   Prior elevated levels of nonperforming loans have returned to acceptable levels. Management expects net reductions in foreclosed properties to continue, although not as rapid as over the past two years.

For purposes of this discussion, we define nonperforming assets to include foreclosed properties, other repossessed assets, and nonperforming loans, which is comprised of loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest and nonaccrual loans. Performing TDRs are excluded from nonperforming loans.

The provision for loan losses represents charges to earnings necessary to maintain an adequate allowance for probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Our determination of the appropriate level of the allowance is based on an ongoing analysis of credit quality and loss potential in the loan portfolio, change in the composition and risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, and the anticipated influence of national and local economic conditions.  The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is reviewed quarterly and adjustments are made as considered necessary.

We recorded $250,000 provisions for loan losses for the first three months of both 2016 and 2015.  These smaller provisions are a result of lower average loan losses experienced over the past sixteen quarters. Lower losses cause our historical charge-off factor of the quantitative reserve calculation to decline, thus requiring fewer quantitative reserves.


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As illustrated in Table V below, our non-performing assets have decreased since year end 2015.
Table V - Summary of Non-Performing Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
December 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2016
 
2015
 
2015
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
$

 
$

 
$
9

Nonaccrual loans
 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
 
430

 
788

 
853

Commercial real estate
 
6,140

 
1,340

 
5,955

Commercial construction and development
 

 

 

Residential construction and development
 
5,467

 
5,333

 
5,623

Residential real estate
 
3,248

 
4,491

 
3,245

Consumer
 
121

 
65

 
83

Total nonaccrual loans
 
15,406

 
12,017

 
15,759

Foreclosed properties
 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial
 

 
110

 

Commercial real estate
 
976

 
3,658

 
1,300

Commercial construction and development
 
8,717

 
10,191

 
8,717

Residential construction and development
 
13,808

 
17,590

 
14,069

Residential real estate
 
1,183

 
2,819

 
1,481

Total foreclosed properties
 
24,684

 
34,368

 
25,567

Repossessed assets
 

 
54

 
5

Total nonperforming assets
 
$
40,090

 
$
46,439

 
$
41,340

Total nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans
 
1.39
%
 
1.14
%
 
1.45
%
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets
 
2.66
%
 
3.18
%
 
2.77
%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans
 
73.45
%
 
90.10
%
 
72.75
%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of period end loans
 
1.02
%
 
1.03
%
 
1.05
%

The following table details the activity regarding our foreclosed properties for the three and three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.
Table VI - Foreclosed Property Activity
 
 
For the Three Months Ended 
 March 31,
Dollars in thousands
2016
 
2015
Beginning balance
$
25,567

 
$
37,529

Acquisitions

 
714

Improvements
329

 
16

Disposals
(1,103
)
 
(3,320
)
Writedowns to fair value
(109
)
 
(572
)
Balance March 31
$
24,684

 
$
34,367

 
 
Refer to Note 6 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for information regarding our past due loans, impaired loans, nonaccrual loans, and troubled debt restructurings and to Note 7 for a summary of the methodology we employ on a quarterly basis to evaluate the overall adequacy of our allowance for loan losses.

Relationship between Allowance for Loan Losses, Net Charge-offs and Nonperforming Loans

In analyzing the relationship between the allowance for loan losses, net loan charge-offs and nonperforming loans, it is helpful to understand the process of how loans are treated as they deteriorate over time. Reserves for loans are established at origination through the quantitative and qualitative reserve process discussed in the accompanying Note 7 to the financial statements.

Charge-offs, if necessary, are typically recognized in a period after the reserves were established. If the previously established reserves exceed that needed to satisfactorily resolve the problem credit, a reduction in the overall level of the reserve could be

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recognized. In summary, if loan quality deteriorates, the typical credit sequence is periods of reserve building, followed by periods of higher net charge-offs.

Consumer loans are generally charged off to the allowance for loan losses upon reaching specified stages of delinquency, in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council policy.  For example, credit card loans are charged off by the end of the month in which the account becomes 180 days past due or within 60 days from receiving notification about a specified event (e.g., bankruptcy of the borrower), whichever is earlier.  Residential mortgage loans are generally charged off to net realizable value no later than when the account becomes 180 days past due.  Other consumer loans, if collateralized, are generally charged off to net realizable value at 120 days past due.

Commercial-related loans (which are risk-rated) are charged off to the allowance for loan losses when the loss has been confirmed. This determination includes many factors, including the prioritization of our claim in bankruptcy, expectations of the workout/restructuring of the loan and valuation of the borrower’s equity.
 
Substantially all of our nonperforming loans are secured by real estate. The majority of these loans were underwritten in accordance with our loan-to-value policy guidelines which range from 70-85% at the time of origination. The fair values of the underlying collateral value or the discounted cash flows remain in excess of the recorded investment in many of our nonperforming loans, and therefore, no specific reserve allocation is required.

At March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015, our allowance for loan losses totaled $11.3 million, or 1.02% of total loans, $11.5 million, or 1.05% of total loans and $10.8 million, or 1.03% of total loans, respectively, and is considered adequate to cover our estimate of probable credit losses inherent in our loan portfolio.

At March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015, we had approximately $24.7 million, $25.6 million and $34.4 million, respectively, in other real estate owned which was obtained as the result of foreclosure proceedings.  Although foreclosed property is recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell, the prices ultimately realized upon their sale may or may not result in us recognizing loss.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Our total assets were $1.51 billion at March 31, 2016, compared to $1.49 billion at December 31, 2015, representing a 1.08% increase.  Table VIII below serves to illustrate significant changes in our financial position between December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016.
Table VIII - Summary of Significant Changes in Financial Position
 
 
Balance
December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
Balance
March 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2015
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
2016
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities available for sale
 
$
280,792

 
(9,277
)
 
(3.3
)%
 
$
271,515

Loans, net of unearned interest
 
1,079,331

 
17,459

 
1.6
 %
 
1,096,790

Liabilities
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Deposits
 
$
1,066,709

 
27,835

 
2.6
 %
 
$
1,094,544

Short-term borrowings
 
171,394

 
(17,946
)
 
(10.5
)%
 
153,448

Long-term borrowings
 
75,581

 
(478
)
 
(0.6
)%
 
75,103


Loan growth of 1.6% during the first three months of 2016 occurred principally in the commercial real estate portfolio, and was funded primarily with deposits.
 
Deposits increased approximately $27.8 million during the first three months of 2016; checking deposits decreased approximately $1.5 million while savings and time deposits increased $19.9 million and $9.4 million, respectively.

Refer to Notes 5, 6, 9, and 10 of the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information with regard to changes in the composition of our securities, loans, deposits and borrowings between March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.





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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity reflects our ability to ensure the availability of adequate funds to meet loan commitments and deposit withdrawals, as well as provide for other transactional requirements.  Liquidity is provided primarily by funds invested in cash and due from banks (net of float and reserves), Federal funds sold, non-pledged securities, and available lines of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, which totaled approximately $635 million or 42.09% of total consolidated assets at March 31, 2016.

Our liquidity strategy is to fund loan growth with deposits and other borrowed funds while maintaining an adequate level of short- and medium-term investments to meet normal daily loan and deposit activity.  As a member of the FHLB, we have access to approximately $550 million.  As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, these advances totaled approximately $151 million and $169 million, respectively.  At March 31, 2016, we had additional borrowing capacity of $399 million through FHLB programs.  We have established a line with the Federal Reserve Bank to be used as a contingency liquidity vehicle.  The amount available on this line at March 31, 2016 was approximately $96 million, which is secured by a pledge of our consumer and commercial and industrial loan portfolios.  We have a $6 million unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank.  Also, we classify all of our securities as available for sale to enable us to liquidate them if the need arises.
 
Liquidity risk represents the risk of loss due to the possibility that funds may not be available to satisfy current or future commitments based on external market issues, customer or creditor perception of financial strength, and events unrelated to Summit such as war, terrorism, or financial institution market specific issues.  The Asset/Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”), comprised of members of senior management and certain members of the Board of Directors, oversees our liquidity risk management process.   The ALCO develops and recommends policies and limits governing our liquidity to the Board of
Directors for approval with the objective of ensuring that we can obtain cost-effective funding to meet current and future obligations, as well as maintain sufficient levels of on-hand liquidity, under both normal and “stressed” circumstances.
 
We continuously monitor our liquidity position to ensure that day-to-day as well as anticipated funding needs are met.  We are not aware of any trends, commitments, events or uncertainties that have resulted in or are reasonably likely to result in a material change to our liquidity.

One of our continuous goals is maintenance of a strong capital position.  Through management of our capital resources, we seek to provide an attractive financial return to our shareholders while retaining sufficient capital to support future growth.  Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2016 totaled $146.1 million compared to $143.7 million at December 31, 2015.

Refer to Note 13 of the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding regulatory restrictions on our capital as well as our subsidiaries’ capital.

CONTRACTUAL CASH OBLIGATIONS

During our normal course of business, we incur contractual cash obligations.  The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations at March 31, 2016.
Table IX - Contractual Cash Obligations
 
 
 
 
Dollars in thousands
 
Long
Term
Debt
 
Capital
Trust
Securities
 
Operating
Leases
2016
 
$
28,433

 
$

 
$
228

2017
 
918

 

 
250

2018
 
45,017

 

 
162

2019
 
18

 

 
136

2020
 
19

 

 
23

Thereafter
 
698

 
19,589

 

Total
 
$
75,103

 
$
19,589

 
$
799



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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We are involved with some off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have an effect on our financial condition, liquidity, or capital.  These arrangements at March 31, 2016 are presented in the following table.
Table X - Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
March 31,
Dollars in thousands
 
2016
Commitments to extend credit:
 
 
Revolving home equity and credit card lines
 
$
59,628

Construction loans
 
32,721

Other loans
 
54,643

Standby letters of credit
 
3,900

Total
 
$
150,892



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MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due to changes in interest rates, exchange rates and equity prices.  Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and results from timing differences in the repricing of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments, changes in relationships between rate indices and the potential exercise of imbedded options.  The principal objective of asset/liability management is to minimize interest rate risk and our actions in this regard are taken under the guidance of our Asset/Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”), which is comprised of members of senior management and members of the Board of Directors.  The ALCO actively formulates the economic assumptions that we use in our financial planning and budgeting process and establishes policies which control and monitor our sources, uses and prices of funds.

Some amount of interest rate risk is inherent and appropriate to the banking business.  Our net income is affected by changes in the absolute level of interest rates.  Our interest rate risk position is liability sensitive.  The nature of our lending and funding activities tends to drive our interest rate risk position to being liability sensitive.  That is, absent any changes in the volumes of our interest earning assets or interest bearing liabilities, liabilities are likely to reprice faster than assets, resulting in a decrease in net income in a rising rate environment.  Net income would increase in a falling interest rate environment.  Net income is also subject to changes in the shape of the yield curve.  In general, a flattening yield curve would result in a decline in our earnings due to the compression of earning asset yields and funding rates, while a steepening would result in increased earnings as margins widen.

Several techniques are available to monitor and control the level of interest rate risk.  We primarily use earnings simulations modeling to monitor interest rate risk.  The earnings simulation model forecasts the effects on net interest income under a variety of interest rate scenarios that incorporate changes in the absolute level of interest rates and changes in the shape of the yield curve.  Each increase or decrease in interest rates is assumed to gradually take place over the next 12 months, and then remain stable, except for the up 400 scenario, which assumes a gradual increase in rates over 24 months.  Assumptions used to project yields and rates for new loans and deposits are derived from historical analysis.  Securities portfolio maturities and prepayments are reinvested in like instruments.  Mortgage loan prepayment assumptions are developed from industry estimates of prepayment speeds.  Noncontractual deposit repricings are modeled on historical patterns.

The following table presents the estimated sensitivity of our net interest income to changes in interest rates, as measured by our earnings simulation model as of March 31, 2016.  The sensitivity is measured as a percentage change in net interest income given the stated changes in interest rates (gradual change over 12 months, stable thereafter for the down 100 and the up 200 scenarios, and gradual change over 24 months for the up 400 scenario) compared to net interest income with rates unchanged in the same period.  The estimated changes set forth below are dependent on the assumptions discussed above and are well within our ALCO policy limits shown below relative to reductions in net interest income over the ensuing twelve month period.
 
 
 
Estimated % Change in
Net Interest Income over:
Change in
 
 
0 - 12 Months
 
13 - 24 Months
Interest Rates
Policy

 
Actual

 
Actual

Down 100  basis points (1)
-7
 %
 
0.23
 %
 
-0.34
 %
Up 200 basis points (1)
-10
 %
 
-3.05
 %
 
-1.99
 %
Up 400 basis points (2)
-15
 %
 
-2.44
 %
 
-4.32
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) assumes a parallel shift in the yield curve over 12 months
(2) assumes a parallel shift in the yield curve over 24 months



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CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted as of March 31, 2016, an evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e).  Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2016 were effective.  There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 

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Part II. Other Information




Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

Refer to Note 12 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for information regarding legal proceedings not reportable under this Item.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit 3.i
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Summit Financial Group, Inc.
 
 
Exhibit 3.ii
Articles of Amendment 2009
 
 
Exhibit 3.iii
Articles of Amendment 2011
 
 
Exhibit 3.iv
Amended and Restated By-Laws of Summit Financial Group, Inc.
 
 
Exhibit 11
Statement re: Computation of Earnings per Share – Information contained in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 15 of this Quarterly Report is incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
Exhibit 31.1
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
Exhibit 31.2
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
Exhibit 32.1
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
Exhibit 32.2
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
Exhibit 101
Interactive Data File (XBRL)


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SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
SUMMIT FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
 
 
(registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ H. Charles Maddy, III
 
 
 
H. Charles Maddy, III,
 
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Robert S. Tissue
 
 
 
Robert S. Tissue,
 
 
 
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Julie R. Markwood
 
 
 
Julie R. Markwood,
 
 
 
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
May 5, 2016
 
 




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EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit No.
Description
Page
Number
(3)
Articles of Incorporation and By-laws:
 
 
(i)  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Summit Financial Group, Inc.
(a)
 
(ii)  Articles of Amendment 2009
(b)
 
(iii)  Articles of Amendment 2011
(c)
 
(iv)  Amended and Restated By-laws of Summit Financial Group, Inc.
(d)
11
Statement re:  Computation of Earnings per Share
15
 
 
 
31.1
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
31.2
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
32.1*
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
32.2*
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
101**
Interactive data file (XBRL)
 

*Furnished, not filed.
** As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(a)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.i of Summit Financial Group, Inc.’s filing on Form 10-Q dated March 31, 2006.
(b)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Summit Financial Group, Inc.’s filing on Form 8-K dated September 30, 2009.
(c)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Summit Financial Group, Inc.’s filing on Form 8-K dated November 3, 2011.
(d)
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Summit Financial Group, Inc.’s filing on Form 10-Q dated June 30, 2006.


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