UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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(Mark One)
x | Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended January 26, 2014
or
o | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-6395
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SEMTECH CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | 95-2119684 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, California, 93012-8790
(Address of principal executive offices, Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (805) 498-2111
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
Common Stock par value $.01 per share | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC | |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | o | |||
Non-accelerated filer | o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | o | |||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (based upon the closing sale price of $31.34 on the NASDAQ Global Select Market) as of July 26, 2013 was approximately $2.1 billion. Stock held by directors, officers and shareholders owning 10% or more of the outstanding common stock (as reported by shareholders on Schedules 13D and 13G) were excluded as they may be deemed affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not a conclusive determination for any other purpose.
Number of shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding at March 21, 2014: 67,411,472
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the following documents are incorporated by reference in Part III, Item numbers 11, 12, 13 and 14 and portions of Item 10 of this report to: Definitive Proxy Statement in connection with registrant’s annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 26, 2014, to be filed no later than 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended January 26, 2014.
SEMTECH CORPORATION
INDEX TO FORM 10-K
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JANUARY 26, 2014
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Unless the context otherwise requires, the use of the terms “Semtech,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K refers to Semtech Corporation and, as applicable, its consolidated subsidiaries.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking and Cautionary Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our operations, industry, financial condition, performance, results of operations, and liquidity. Forward-looking statements are statements other than historical information or statements of current condition and relate to matters such as future financial performance, future operational performance, the anticipated impact of specific items on future earnings, and our plans, objectives and expectations. Statements containing words such as "may," "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "project," "estimate," "should," "will," "designed to," "projections," or "business outlook," or other similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those projected. Potential factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the continuation and/or pace of key trends considered to be main contributors to the Company's growth, such as demand for increased network bandwidth, demand for increasing energy efficiency in the Company's products or end use applications of the products, and demand for increasing miniaturization of electronic components; shifts in demand among target customers, and other comparable changes or protracted weakness in projected or anticipated end-user markets; competitive changes in the marketplace, including, but not limited to the pace of growth or adoption rates of applicable products or technologies; shifts in focus among target customers, and other comparable changes in projected or anticipated end-user markets; adequate supply of components and materials from our suppliers, and of our products from our third-party manufacturers, to include disruptions due to natural causes or disasters, or related extraordinary weather events; the Company's ability to forecast and achieve anticipated revenues and earnings estimates in light of periodic economic uncertainty, to include impacts arising from European and global economic dynamics; the Company's ability to manage expenses to achieve anticipated amounts; and the amount and timing of expenditures for capital equipment deemed necessary or advisable by the Company. Additionally, forward-looking statements should be considered in conjunction with the cautionary statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including, without limitation, information under the captions "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Risk Factors" and additional factors that accompany the related forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in the Company's other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and in material incorporated herein and therein by reference. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein that may cause actual performance and results to differ materially from those predicted, any such forward-looking information should not be regarded as representations or guarantees by the Company of future performance or results, or that its objectives or plans will be achieved, or that any of its operating expectations or financial forecasts will be realized. Reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking information contained herein, which reflect management's analysis only as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, the Company assumes no obligation to publicly release the results of any update or revision to any forward-looking statement that may be made to reflect new information, events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated or future events, or otherwise.
In addition to regarding forward-looking statements with caution, you should consider that the preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to draw conclusions and make interpretations, judgments, assumptions and estimates with respect to certain factual, legal, and accounting matters. Our financial statements might have been materially impacted if we had reached different conclusions or made different interpretations, judgments, assumptions or estimates.
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PART I
Item 1. | Business |
General
We are a leading supplier of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and were incorporated in Delaware in 1960. We design, develop and market a wide range of products for commercial applications, the majority of which are sold into the enterprise computing, communications, high-end consumer and industrial end-markets.
Enterprise Computing: datacenters, passive optical networks, desktops, notebooks, servers, graphic boards, monitors, printers and other computer peripherals.
Communications: base stations, optical networks, carrier networks, switches and routers, cable modems, wireless LAN and other communication infrastructure equipment.
High-End Consumer: handheld products, set-top boxes, digital televisions, tablet computers, digital video recorders and other consumer equipment.
Industrial: broadcast studio equipment, automated meter reading, military and aerospace, medical, security systems, automotive, industrial and home automation, video security and surveillance and other industrial equipment.
Our end-customers are primarily original equipment manufacturers and their suppliers, including Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco Systems, Inc., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., LG Electronics, Sharp Corporation, Nokia Solutions and Networks, Itron, Apple, Inc., Phonak International, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Google Inc., Amazon.com Inc., and ZTE Corporation.
Overview of the Semiconductor Industry
The semiconductor industry is broadly divided into analog and digital semiconductor products. Analog semiconductors condition and regulate “real world” functions such as temperature, speed, sound and electrical current. Digital semiconductors process binary information, such as that used by computers. Mixed-signal devices incorporate both analog and digital functions into a single chip and provide the ability for digital electronics to interface with the outside world.
The market for analog and mixed-signal semiconductors differs from the market for digital semiconductors. The analog and mixed-signal industry is typically characterized by longer product life cycles than the digital industry. In addition, analog semiconductor manufacturers tend to have lower capital investment requirements for manufacturing because their facilities tend to be less dependent than digital producers on state-of-the-art production equipment to manufacture leading edge process technologies. The end-product markets for analog and mixed-signal semiconductors are more varied and more specialized than the relatively standardized digital semiconductor product markets.
Another difference between the analog and digital markets is the amount of available talented labor. The analog industry relies more heavily than the digital industry on design and applications talent to distinguish its products from one another. Digital expertise is extensively taught in universities due to its overall market size, while analog and mixed-signal expertise tends to be learned over time based on experience and hands-on training. Consequently, personnel with analog training are scarcer than digital trained engineers. This has historically made it more difficult for new suppliers to quickly develop products and gain significant market share.
Advancements in digital signal processing technology typically drive the need for corresponding advancements in analog and mixed-signal solutions. We believe that the diversity of our applications allows us to take advantage of areas of relative market strength and reduces our vulnerability to competitive pressure in any one area.
Business Strategy
Our objective is to be a leading supplier of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor devices to the fastest growing segments of our target markets. We intend to leverage our pool of skilled technical personnel to develop new products, or, where appropriate, use acquisitions to either accelerate our position in the fastest growing areas or to gain entry into these areas. In order to capitalize on our strengths in analog and mixed-signal processing design, development and marketing, we intend to pursue the following strategies:
Leverage our rare analog design expertise
We have developed a strategy to invest heavily in human resources needed to define, design and market high-performance analog platform products. We have built a team of experienced engineers who combine industry expertise with advanced
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semiconductor design expertise to meet customer requirements and enable our customers to get their products to market rapidly. We intend to leverage this strategy to achieve new levels of integration, power reduction and performance, enabling our customers to achieve differentiation in their end systems.
Continue to release proprietary new products, achieve new design wins, and cross-sell products
We are focused on developing unique, new, proprietary products that bring value to our target customers in our target markets. These products typically are differentiated in performance but are priced competitively. We also focus on achieving design wins for our products with current and future customers. Design wins are indications by the customer that they intend to incorporate our products into their new designs. Although we believe that a design win is an indicator of future potential growth, it does not inevitably result in us being awarded business or receiving a purchase commitment. Our technical talent works closely with our customers in securing design wins, defining new products and in implementing and integrating our products into their systems. We also focus on selling our complete portfolio of products to our existing customers, as we believe the technical expertise of our marketing and sales team allows us to identify and capitalize on cross-selling opportunities.
Focus on fast-growing market segments and regions
We have chosen to target the analog segments of some of the fastest growing end-markets. We participate in these markets by focusing on specific product areas within the analog and mixed-signal market, including products for handheld equipment, high-end consumer equipment, communications infrastructure and certain broad-based industrial markets. All of these markets are characterized by their need for leading-edge, high-performance analog and mixed-signal semiconductor technologies.
The enterprise computing, communications, high-end consumer and industrial end-markets we supply are characterized by several trends that we believe drive demand for our products. The key trends that we believe are significant for our future growth include:
• | Increasing bandwidth over high-speed networks, fueling growth in high speed voice, video and data transmission |
• | Increasing electronic system requirements for smaller, lighter, more highly integrated and feature rich devices |
• | Increasing need for more efficient energy management in the home and in industrial environments and the proliferation of ”green” standards |
Our products address these market trends by providing solutions that are ultra-low power thus extending battery life, small form factor enabling smaller devices, highly integrated enabling more functionality within devices and high performance enabling product differentiation within our customer base. Additionally, as communications functions are increasingly integrated into a range of systems and devices, these products require analog sensing, processing and control capabilities, which increases the number and size of our end-markets. Finally, industrial, medical, high-end consumer and other end-market applications have increasingly incorporated data processing and communications features into their end systems resulting in more complex power and protection requirements, which in turn, has broadened the opportunities for selling our power and protection devices.
We believe that certain emerging geographies, such as China, represent opportunities for added sales and end-customer diversity. Accordingly, we have bolstered our efforts in these regions to enhance our ability to expand our customer base.
Leverage outsourced semiconductor fabrication capacity
We outsource most of our manufacturing in order to focus more of our resources on defining, developing and marketing our products. Our primary outside wafer foundries are based in China, Israel, the United States, Europe and Taiwan. Our largest wafer source is a foundry based in China. We believe that outsourcing provides us numerous benefits, including capital efficiency, the flexibility to adopt and leverage emerging process technologies without significant investment risk and a more variable cost of goods, which provides us with greater operating flexibility.
Products and Technology
We design, develop, manufacture and market high-performance analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products. We operate and account for results in one reportable segment through four product lines: Signal Integrity and Timing, Protection, Power Management and High-Reliability and Wireless and Sensing. We have determined that one reportable segment most properly reflects our operations and internal decision making. Our product and service portfolio is used in one business (the analog and mixed-signal sector of the semiconductor industry), and it operates and competes in one business activity and economic environment. Our four product lines share customers, intellectual property, manufacturing resources, sales channels, marketing support and research processes.
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On March 20, 2012, we acquired, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Semtech Canada Inc., all outstanding equity interests of Gennum Corporation (“Gennum”) (TSX: GND), a leading supplier of high speed analog and mixed-signal semiconductors for the optical communications and video broadcast markets.
Our primary reasons for the acquisition were to broaden our existing portfolio of high performance analog platforms and to acquire a portfolio of high-speed data communications and video platforms to create one of the industry’s most complete and robust high-speed analog and mixed signal portfolios. In addition, Gennum’s strong position in the emerging high-definition ("HD") video surveillance market further diversifies our portfolio of high-performance analog semiconductors and provides cross-selling potential with the combined customer base. Since the time of the acquisition, we have reduced our level of investments in the 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps long-haul transport market as a result of increased competition from customers' internally developed solutions and pricing pressure which resulted in our recognizing numerous charges, including impairment of goodwill, finite-lived intangibles and long-lived assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014 as discussed further in Item 7 of this report.
On March 7, 2012, we completed the acquisition of Cycleo SAS (“Cycleo”), a privately held company based in France that develops intellectual property (“IP”) for wireless long-range semiconductor products used in smart metering and other industrial and consumer markets. This transaction, which was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, complements our current wireless offerings and will bring customers a set of high-end, digitally enhanced wireless solutions.
Our product lines include:
Signal Integrity and Timing Products. In December 2013 we combined our previous Advanced Communications and Gennum Product groups to create the Signal Integrity and Timing Product group. We design, develop and market a portfolio of optical communications, broadcast video, active cable transceiver and backplane products used in a wide variety of enterprise computing, industrial, communications and high-end consumer applications. Our broadcast video products offer advanced solutions for next generation video formats, ever increasing data rates and evolving I/O and distance requirements. Our security and surveillance products for high-definition closed circuit television ("HDcctv") enable upgrade of analog closed circuit television ("cctv") installations to full digital HD, leveraging the installed base of COAX cabling, and our fully integrated transmit and receive products enable the highest performance, longest reach HDcctv standards-compliant designs. Our comprehensive portfolio of integrated circuits ("IC’s") for optical transceivers, backplane applications and consumer high-speed interfaces ranges from 100Mbps to 100Gbps and supports key industry standards such as Fibre Channel, Infiniband, Ethernet, PON, SONET and PCI Express.
We also design, develop and market a portfolio of proprietary advanced wired communication, ultra-high speed Serializer/Deserializer (“SerDes") products for long-haul optical transport communication. These ICs perform transmission functions used in high-speed networks at 40Gbps and 100Gbps. Our advanced communications products also feature a leading integrated timing sync solution for packet based communication networks and are used in a variety of communications and industrial applications.
Protection Products. We design, develop and market high performance protection devices, which are often referred to as transient voltage suppressors (“TVS”). TVS devices provide protection for electronic systems where voltage spikes (called transients), such as electrostatic discharge ("ESD") or secondary lightning surge energy that can permanently damage sensitive complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (“CMOS”) ICs. Our portfolio includes filter and termination devices that are integrated with the TVS devices. Our protection products feature low capacitance, providing robust protection while preserving signal integrity in high-speed networking and video interfaces. These products also operate at very low voltage needed for today’s low voltage ICs. Our protection products can be found in a broad range of applications including smart phones, LCD TVs, set-top boxes, tablet computers, notebooks, base stations, routers, and industrial instruments.
Power Management and High-Reliability Products. Power management products control, alter, regulate and condition the power supplies within electronic systems. The highest volume product types within the power management product line are switching voltage regulators, combination switching and linear regulators, smart regulators and charge pumps. Our power management products feature highly integrated devices for the telecom industry and low-power, small form factor and high-efficiency products for mobile phones, notebook computers, computer peripherals and other portable devices. The primary application for these products is power regulation for computer, communications, high-end consumer and industrial systems. Our high-reliability discrete semiconductor products comprised of rectifiers, assemblies (packaged discrete rectifiers) and other products are typically used to convert alternating currents (“AC”) into direct currents (“DC”) and to protect circuits against very high voltage spikes or high current surges. Our high-reliability products can be found in a broad range of applications including industrial, military, medical, automotive, aerospace and defense systems, including satellite communications.
Wireless and Sensing Products. We design, develop and market a portfolio of specialized radio frequency (“RF”) functions used in a wide variety of industrial, medical and networking applications, and specialized sensing functions used in industrial and
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consumer applications. Our wireless and sensing products feature industry leading and longest range industrial, scientific and medical (“ISM”) radio, enabling a lower total cost of ownership ("TCO") and increased reliability in all environments. Our unique sensing interface platforms can interface to any sensor and output digital data in any form. Our wireless and sensing products can be found in a broad range of applications in the industrial, medical and consumer markets.
Our sales by product line are as follows:
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||
Signal Integrity and Timing | $ | 288,374 | $ | 263,090 | $ | 139,695 | |||||
Protection | 198,514 | 198,866 | 209,726 | ||||||||
Power Management and High-Reliability | 58,295 | 66,427 | 74,056 | ||||||||
Wireless and Sensing | 49,794 | 50,444 | 57,124 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 594,977 | $ | 578,827 | $ | 480,601 | |||||
Semtech End-Markets
Our products are sold to customers in the enterprise computing, communications, high-end consumer, and industrial end-markets. Our estimate of sales by major end-markets are detailed below:
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
(percentage of net sales) | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||
High-End Consumer | 29 | % | 29 | % | 35 | % | ||
Communications | 27 | % | 31 | % | 39 | % | ||
Industrial and Other | 25 | % | 25 | % | 17 | % | ||
Enterprise Computing | 19 | % | 15 | % | 9 | % | ||
Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||
We believe that our diversity in end-markets provides stability to our business and opportunity for growth.
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The following table depicts our main product lines and their end-market and product applications:
Typical End-Product Applications | |||||||
Product Groups | Enterprise Computing | Communications | High-End Consumer | Industrial / Other | |||
Signal Integrity and Timing | Optical Transceiver Module IC’s for ranging from 100Mb/s to 100Gb/s for Ethernet, Fiberchannel and CPRI protocols in Datacenter and Fiber to the Home applications, Backplane CDR’s and signal conditioners for use in Data centre, storage and cloud computing networks | Optical Transceiver Module IC’s for ranging from 100Mb/s to 100Gb/s for Telecom applications | Signal Conditioners for Thunderbolt Cables | Serial Digital Interconnect interface IC’s for Broadcast Video and HD Surveillance | |||
Protection | Desktop PC/Notebooks, Ultrabooks | 3G/4G Base stations, 10/100/1000 Routers/Switches | Smartphones, tablets, wearables, cameras, TVs, settop boxes | Measurement & instrumentation devices, Automobile | |||
Power Management and High-Reliability | Servers, workstations, notebook computers, add-on cards, computer gaming systems, printers, copiers | Network cards, routers and hubs, telecom network boards | Smartphones, tablets, cameras, TVs, settop boxes | Power supplies, industrial systems, military, aerospace, medical, automotive display | |||
Wireless and Sensing | — | — | Smartphones, media players, tablets, LCD TVs, digital/still video cameras | Automated meter readers, industrial automation, Internet of Things, keyless entry hearing aids | |||
Seasonality
Historically, our results have reflected some seasonality, with demand levels generally being slightly lower in the computer and high-end consumer products segments during the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year in comparison to the second and third quarters.
Intellectual Capital and Product Development
The development of intellectual property (“IP”) and the resulting proprietary products is a critical success factor for us. Recruiting and retaining key technical talent is the foundation for designing, developing and selling this IP, in the form of new proprietary products, in the global marketplace. One of our strategies to recruit this talent is the establishment of multiple design center locations. As a result, we have design centers throughout the world.
Circuit design engineers, layout engineers, product and test engineers, application engineers and field application engineers are our most valuable employees. Together they perform the critical tasks of design and layout of integrated circuits, turning these circuits into silicon devices, and conferring with customers about designing these devices into their applications. The majority of our engineers fit into one of these categories. Most of these engineers have many years of experience in the design, development and layout of circuits targeted for use in protection, advanced communications, power management and high-reliability, multimedia and data communications, and wireless and sensing applications. We also employ a number of software engineers and systems engineers that specialize in the development of software and systems architecture, who enable us to develop systems oriented products in select markets.
In fiscal year 2014, we incurred $137.4 million of product development and engineering expense. This represents 23% of net sales. These expenses included $7.7 million of impairment charges relating to the reorganization of the Advanced Communications reporting unit, prior to the integration with the Gennum reporting unit, which resulted from the Company's decision to reduce investments in the optical long-haul market. Product development and engineering costs were $120.0 million or 21% of net sales and $80.6 million or 17% of net sales in fiscal years 2013 and 2012, respectively. We intend to make further
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investments in research and development in the future, which may include increasing our employee headcount and investing in design and development equipment.
We occasionally enter into agreements with customers that allow us to recover certain costs associated with product design and engineering services. Any recovery for these services is recognized during the period in which services are performed, which historically lags behind the period in which we recognize expense. This difference in recognition timing can create volatility in our reported development and engineering expenses.
Sales and Marketing
Sales made directly to customers during fiscal year 2014 were approximately 57% of net sales. The remaining 43% of net sales were made through independent distributors. We have direct sales personnel located throughout the United States, Europe and Asia who manage the sales activities of independent sales representative firms and independent distributors. We expense our advertising costs as they are incurred.
We operate internationally through our wholly owned Swiss and Canadian subsidiaries, Semtech International AG and Semtech Canada Corporation. Semtech International AG serves the European markets from its headquarters in Wil, Switzerland and through its wholly owned subsidiaries based in France, Germany, Neuchatel – Switzerland, the United Kingdom, China and Malaysia. Semtech International AG maintains branch offices, either directly or through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, in Taiwan, Korea and Japan. Semtech International AG also maintains representative offices in China. Semtech Canada Corporation serves the North American market for Gennum products, which are now part of the Signal Integrity and Timing group, from its headquarters in Burlington, Ontario. Semtech Canada Corporation also serves the European and Japanese markets through its wholly owned subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and Japan. Independent representatives and distributors are also used to serve customers throughout the world. Some of our distributors and sales representatives also offer products from our competitors, as is customary in the industry.
Customers, Sales Data and Backlog
As a result of the breadth of our products and markets, we have a broad and balanced range of customers.
Representative Customers by End-Markets:
Enterprise Computing | Communications | High-End Consumer | Industrial | |||
Hewlett-Packard | Cisco Systems, Inc. | LG Electronics Inc. | General Atomics | |||
Sumitomo Electric | Alcatel-Lucent | Sharp Corporation | Honeywell Inc. | |||
Oclaro, Inc. | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Quanta Computer | Itron, Inc. | |||
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Nokia Solutions and Networks | Apple, Inc. | Phonak International | |||
LuxNet | Ericsson | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Raytheon Company | |||
Apple, Inc. | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Sumitomo Electric | Nokia Solutions and Networks | |||
Google Inc. | ZTE Corporation | Rockwell Automation | ||||
Amazon.com Inc. | ||||||
Our customers include major original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and their subcontractors in the enterprise computing, communications, high-end consumer and industrial end-markets. Our products are typically purchased by these customers for our performance, price, or technical support, as compared to our competitors.
During fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012, U.S. sales contributed 16%, 17% and 20%, respectively to our net sales. Foreign sales constituted 84%, 83% and 80% of our net sales during fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. A majority of foreign sales were to customers located in the Asia-Pacific region, with sales to customers located in South Korea, Japan, and China (including Hong Kong) comprising 11%, 11%, and 34% of our net sales, respectively, in fiscal year 2014. No other foreign country comprised more than 7% of net sales in fiscal year 2014. See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for additional financial information by geographic region.
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A summary of net sales by region follows.
Sales by Region
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific | $ | 432,097 | 73 | % | $ | 405,179 | 70 | % | $ | 298,477 | 62 | % | ||||||||
North America | 94,574 | 16 | % | 98,401 | 17 | % | 114,552 | 24 | % | |||||||||||
Europe | 68,306 | 11 | % | 75,247 | 13 | % | 67,572 | 14 | % | |||||||||||
Total Net Sales | $ | 594,977 | 100 | % | $ | 578,827 | 100 | % | $ | 480,601 | 100 | % | ||||||||
The following table sets forth the concentration of net sales and accounts receivable among the customers that accounted for more than 10% of our net sales or accounts receivable in at least one of the fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012:
Concentration of Net Sales - Significant Customers
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
(percentage of net sales) | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||
Samsung Electronics (and affiliates) | 12 | % | 12 | % | 13 | % | ||
Huawei Technologies (and affiliates) | 9 | % | 10 | % | 7 | % | ||
Frontek Technology Corp | 5 | % | 6 | % | 10 | % | ||
Concentration of Accounts Receivable - Significant Customers
Fiscal Years | |||||
(percentage of net accounts receivable as of fiscal year end) | 2014 | 2013 | |||
Samsung Electronics (and affiliates) | 13 | % | 12 | % | |
Huawei Technologies (and affiliates) | 9 | % | 14 | % | |
For fiscal year 2014, end-market concentration for our significant customers was as follows:
(percentage of net sales) | Samsung Electronics (and affiliates) | ||
High-End Consumer | 11 | % | (1) |
Communications | 1 | % | |
Enterprise Computing | 1 | % | |
Industrial and Other | — | % | |
Total | 13 | % | |
(1) | For Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., approximately 61% of the sales into the High-end Consumer end-market relate to products focused on the handheld market, which includes cell phones. |
Our backlog of orders as of the end of fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012 was approximately $84.4 million, $113.8 million and $75.6 million, respectively. The majority of our backlog is typically requested for delivery within six months. In markets where the end system life cycles are relatively short, customers typically request delivery in four to eight weeks. A backlog analysis at any given time gives little indication of our future business except on a short-term basis, principally within the next 45 days. We do not have any significant contracts with our customers calling for shipments over a period of more than 18 months.
Manufacturing Capabilities
Our strategy is to outsource the majority of our manufacturing functions to third-party foundries and assembly and test contractors. The third-party foundries fabricate silicon wafers and the assembly and test contractors package and test our products. We believe this outsourcing permits us to take advantage of the best available technology, leverage the capital investment of others, and reduce our operating costs associated with manufacturing assets.
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We perform a limited amount of internal probe and final test activities at our facilities in Camarillo, Irvine, Redondo Beach and San Diego, California; Neuchatel, Switzerland; and Reynosa, Mexico. These activities accommodate situations in which tight coupling with product design is desirable or where there are unique requirements. Our packaged discrete rectifier products are packaged and tested in-house in Reynosa, Mexico. Almost all of our other products are packaged and tested by outside subcontractors.
In keeping with our mostly “fabless” business model, we have no wafer fabrication facilities except for our operation in Reynosa, Mexico. For fiscal year 2014, the Reynosa facility provided almost all of the silicon for our packaged discrete rectifier products, which were approximately 3% of our end product sales. The remaining 97% of our end products were supported with finished silicon wafers purchased from outside wafer foundries in China, Taiwan, Germany, Israel and France. We anticipate that more than 90% of all silicon wafers we require will come from outside foundries in fiscal year 2015.
Despite our use of outside wafer foundries for sourcing a majority of our silicon needs, we do maintain internal process development capabilities. Our process engineers work closely with our outside foundries on the improvement and development of process capabilities. In fiscal year 2014, we purchased the vast majority of our wafers from approximately six different third-party wafer foundries and used various manufacturing processes, including Bipolar, High-Speed Bipolar, Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (“CMOS”), RF-CMOS, Bi-CMOS and Silicon Germanium ("SiGe") processes.
While we do have some redundancy of fabrication processes by using multiple outside foundries, any interruption of supply by one or more of these foundries could materially impact us. As a result, we maintain some amount of business interruption insurance to help reduce the financial risk associated with a wafer supply interruption, but we are not fully insured against this risk.
Although our products are made from basic materials (principally silicon, metals and plastics), all of which are available from a number of suppliers, capacity at wafer foundries sometimes becomes constrained. The limited availability of certain materials, such as silicon wafer substrates, may impact our suppliers’ ability to meet our demand needs or impact the price we are charged. The prices of certain other basic materials, such as metals, gases and chemicals used in the production of circuits have all increased in recent years as demand has grown for these basic commodities. In most cases we do not procure these materials ourselves, but we are nevertheless reliant on these materials for producing our products because our outside foundry and package and test subcontractors must procure them. To help minimize risks associated with constrained capacity, we use multiple foundries and have taken other steps to prevent supply interruptions at certain foundries and subcontractors.
Our largest wafer source is a foundry in China. In fiscal year 2014, this Chinese foundry provided 38% of our total silicon requirements in terms of cost of wafers purchased. We have consigned certain equipment to this foundry to support our specialized processes run at the foundry and to ensure a specified level of capacity over the next few years. While the provision of these assets to the wafer foundry may be factored into certain pricing arrangements with the foundry, the impact of any pricing adjustments is insignificant and does not impact our margin trends.
Most of our ultra-high speed 40Gbps and 100Gbps SerDes products are dependent on a single fabrication facility, located within the United States, for wafers.
We use third-party subcontractors to perform almost all of our assembly and test operations. A majority of our assembly and test activity is conducted by third-party subcontractors based in China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Korea and the Philippines. We have operations offices located in the Philippines, Malaysia and China that support and coordinate some of the worldwide shipment of products. We have installed our own test equipment at some of our packaging and testing subcontractors in order to ensure a certain level of capacity, assuming the subcontractor has ample employees to operate the equipment.
Our arrangements with both outside wafer foundries and package and test subcontractors are designed to provide some assurance of capacity but are not expected to assure access to all the manufacturing capacity we may need in the future.
Competition
The analog and mixed-signal semiconductor industry is highly competitive, and we expect competitive pressures to continue. Our ability to compete effectively and to expand our business will depend on our ability to continue to recruit key engineering talent, our ability to execute on new product developments and our ability to persuade customers to design these new products into their applications. Our industry is characterized by decreasing unit selling prices over the life of a product as the volumes typically increase. However, price decreases can sometimes be quite rapid and faster than the rate of increase of the associated product volumes. We believe we compete effectively based upon our ability to capitalize on efficiencies and economies of scale in production and sales, and our ability to maintain or improve our productivity and product yields to reduce manufacturing costs.
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We are in direct and active competition, with respect to one or more of our product lines, with numerous manufacturers of varying size, technical capability and financial strength. A number of these competitors are dependent on semiconductor products as their principal source of income, and some are much larger than we are. The number of competitors has grown due to expansion of the market segments in which we participate. We consider our primary competitors with respect to our Protection Products to include STMicroelectronics, NXP Semiconductors N.V., ON Semiconductor Corporation and Infineon Technologies AG. Our primary competitors with respect to our Signal Integrity and Timing products are Texas Instruments Incorporated, Maxim Integrated Products, Inc., M/A-COM Technology Solutions Holdings, Inc., Inphi Corporation, Broadcom Corporation, Applied Micro Circuits Corporation and our customer’s own internal solutions. With respect to our Power Management and High Reliability products, we consider our primary competitors to include Texas Instruments Incorporated, Linear Technology Corporation, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Microsemi Corporation and Monolithic Power Systems. Our primary competitors with respect to our Wireless and Sensing products include Silicon Laboratories, Texas Instruments Incorporated, Atmel Corporation, Analog Devices Inc. and Cypress Semiconductor Corp.
Intellectual Property and Licenses
We have been granted 154 U.S. patents and 48 foreign patents and have numerous patent applications pending with respect to our products and to technologies associated with our business. The expiration dates of issued patents range from 2014 to 2031. Although we consider patents to be helpful in maintaining a competitive advantage, we do not believe they create definitive competitive barriers to entry. There can be no assurance that our patent applications will lead to issued patents, that others will not develop or patent similar or superior products or technologies, or that our patents will not be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented by others. We have no revenue from patents that expire in 2014 and no significant revenue associated with patents that expire in 2015 or 2016.
We have registered many of our trademarks in the U.S. and in various foreign jurisdictions. Registration generally provides rights in addition to basic trademark protections and is typically renewable upon proof of continued use. We have registered, or are in the process of registering, our SEMTECH trademark in many jurisdictions. In one location use of this trademark is prohibited, but we are permitted to use our Semtech International trade name. This restriction has not had a material impact on our business to date and we do not anticipate it will have a material impact in the future.
We also have registered certain materials in which we have copyright ownership, which provides additional protection for this intellectual property.
Employees
As of January 26, 2014, we had 1,455 full-time employees. There were 526 employees in research and development, 240 in sales, marketing and field services, and 291 in general, administrative and finance. The remaining employees support operational activities, including product and test engineering, assembly, manufacturing, distribution and quality functions.
We have not had a work stoppage in at least the last decade and the only unionized employees are approximately 192 Mexican nationals who work at our manufacturing facility in Reynosa, Mexico. Our employee relations during the last fiscal year have been, and remain, satisfactory.
We adjust our workforce from time to time to meet the changing needs of our business. Competition for key design engineering talent globally is significant.
Government Regulations and Environmental Matters
We are required to comply, and it is our policy to comply, with numerous government regulations that are normal and customary to businesses in our industry and that operate in our markets and operating locations.
Our sales that serve the military and aerospace markets primarily consist of our Microwave and High-Reliability products that have been qualified to be sold in these markets by the U.S. Department of Defense (“DOD”). In order to maintain these qualifications, we must comply with certain specifications promulgated by the DOD. As part of maintaining these qualifications, we are routinely audited by the DOD. Based on current specifications, we believe we can maintain our qualifications for the foreseeable future. However, these specifications could be modified by the DOD in the future or we could become subject to other government requirements, which could make the manufacturing of these products more difficult and thus could adversely impact our profitability in the Power Management and High Reliability and Signal Integrity and Timing product lines. In fiscal year 2014, our sales that serve military and aerospace markets made up 5% of net sales. The U.S. State Department has determined that a small number of special assemblies from the Power Management and High Reliability and Signal Integrity and Timing product lines are subject to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”). We have a Technical Assistance Agreement in place that permits us to assemble certain of these products in Mexico. Other products
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subject to ITAR regulations are manufactured in our Redondo Beach, CA facilities. International shipments of these products require a State Department license.
Our facilities throughout the world are subject to various environmental laws and regulations and we believe our operations are in substantial compliance with those laws and regulations. We have incurred, and may continue to incur, liabilities under various statutes for the cleanup of pollutants at locations we have operated and at third-party disposal and recycling sites we have used. During fiscal years 2014 and 2012, the expense incurred with respect to these clean up matters was not material. In fiscal year 2013, we recorded a $2.5 million environmental reserve associated with the November 2012 draft clean up and abatement order discussed below. New laws or regulations or changes to existing laws or regulations could subject our ongoing operations to different or additional environmental standards that could increase our cost of compliance in the future. In addition, our cost of doing business could increase if our suppliers increase prices to recoup the cost of their compliance with environmental laws or regulations. See Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
We have used an environmental firm, specializing in hydrogeology, to perform monitoring of the groundwater at our former facility in Newbury Park, California that was leased for approximately forty years. We vacated the building in May 2002. Certain contaminants have been found in the local groundwater and site soils. Groundwater monitoring results to date over a number of years suggest that a measurable amount of groundwater contaminants of concern are believed to come from, or be contributed by, in full or in material part, adjacent facilities and/or to come from environmental cleanup operations separately conducted on the adjacent facilities, never owned or occupied by us. Responsibility for soil contamination remains under investigation. The location of key soil contamination (and some related site groundwater impact associated with the soil contamination) is concentrated in and found to emanate from an area of an underground storage tank that we believe to have been installed and primarily used in the early 1960s by a former tenant at the site who preceded our tenancy. The applicable regulatory agency having authority over the site issued joint instructions in November 2008, ordering us and the current owner of the site to perform additional assessments and surveys, and to create ongoing groundwater monitoring plans before any final regulatory action for “no further action” may be approved. In September 2009, the regulatory agency issued supplemental instructions to us and the current site owner regarding previously ordered site assessments, surveys and groundwater monitoring. In November 2012, the regulatory agency listed two more potentially responsible parties to the matter, based on historical evidence of past occupancy or operations at the site dating to the 1960s. In addition, the regulatory agency’s November 2012 action included a draft cleanup and abatement order to all the parties. Responses to the draft orders were submitted in a timely manner by all the parties in January 2013. In October 2013, the regulatory agency issued a final cleanup and abatement order. The October 2013 order removed the two additional potentially responsible parties from further participation or liability under the order. The October 2013 order was consistent and duplicative of the November 2012 draft order in all other material respects, including the scope of proposed additional site work, monitoring, and proposed remediation activities. We have filed an appeal of the October 2013 order seeking reconsideration of the removal of the two other potentially responsible parties, and seeking clarification of certain other factual findings by the regulatory agency. Other parties have filed their own responses to the October 2013 order. Further action and response from the regulatory agency is pending. The parties are expected to work cooperatively in responding to and determining the appropriate scope and extent of additional site investigative and categorization work, as well as in relation to any ultimate clean up and abatement work.
We have accrued liabilities where it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the cost or amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Based upon, and in anticipation of the likely outcome associated with the November 2012 draft cleanup and abatement order and the October 2013 final cleanup and abatement order, we engaged an environmental firm to assist in an assessment of this site consistent with the direction and scope of the cleanup and abatement order. Based on our preliminary assessment following the November 2012 draft cleanup and abatement order, which has been reviewed now again under the October 2013 final cleanup and abatement order pending the current appeal by us and other impacted parties, we have determined a likely range of probable loss between $2.5 million and $5.7 million. Given the as yet unresolved status of the cleanup and abatement order and uncertainties associated with environmental assessment and the remediation activities, we are unable to determine a best estimate within the range of loss. Therefore, in the third quarter of fiscal year 2013, we recorded the minimum amount of $2.5 million under “Accrued liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets, and under “Selling, general and administrative” in the consolidated statements of operations. These estimates could change as a result of changes in planned remedial actions, further actions from the regulatory agency, remediation technology, and other factors.
Available Information
General information about us can be found on our website at www.semtech.com. The information on our website is for informational purposes only and should not be relied on for investment purposes. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report and should not be considered part of this or any other report filed with the SEC.
We make available free of charge, either by direct access on our website or a link to the SEC website, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically
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filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Our reports filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are also available directly at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
You should carefully consider and evaluate all of the information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the risk factors listed below. The risks described below are not the only ones facing our Company. Additional risks not now known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of these risks actually occur, our business could be materially harmed. If our business is harmed, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
As discussed earlier in “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking and Cautionary Statements,” this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of such risks and uncertainties and certain factors including the risks faced by us described below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including, without limitation, information under the section "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and additional factors that accompany the related forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in the Company's other filings with the SEC, and in material incorporated herein and therein by reference. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein that may cause actual performance and results to differ materially from those predicted, any such forward-looking information should not be regarded as representations or guarantees by the Company of future performance or results, or that its objectives or plans will be achieved or that any of its operating expectations or financial forecasts will be realized. Reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking information contained herein, which reflect management's analysis only as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, the Company assumes no obligation to publicly release the results of any update or revision to any forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect new information, events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated or future events, or otherwise.
Risks Relating to General Business Conditions
Our future results may fluctuate, fail to match past performance or fail to meet expectations.
Our results may fluctuate in the future, may fail to match our past performance or fail to meet our expectations and the expectations of analysts and investors. Our results and related ratios, such as gross margin, operating income percentage and effective tax rate may fluctuate as a result of:
• | general economic conditions in the countries where we sell our products; |
• | seasonality and variability in the computer market and our other end-markets; |
• | the timing of new product introductions by us, our customers and our competitors; |
• | product obsolescence; |
• | the scheduling, rescheduling or cancellation of orders by our customers; |
• | the cyclical nature of demand for our customers’ products; |
• | our ability to predict and meet evolving industry standards and consumer preferences; |
• | our ability to develop new process technologies and achieve volume production; |
• | our ability to integrate and realize synergies from recent acquisitions; |
• | changes in manufacturing yields; |
• | capacity utilization; |
• | product mix and pricing; |
• | movements in exchange rates, interest rates or tax rates; |
• | the availability of adequate supply commitments from our outside suppliers; |
• | the manufacturing and delivery capabilities of our subcontractors; and |
• | litigation and regulatory matters. |
As a result of these factors, our past financial results are not necessarily indicative of our future results.
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Downturns in the business cycle could adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and has experienced significant downturns, which are characterized by reduced product demand, production overcapacity, increased levels of inventory, industry-wide fluctuations in the demand for semiconductors and the significant erosion of average selling prices. The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry may cause us to experience substantial period-to-period fluctuations in our results of operations. The growth rate of the global economy is one of the factors affecting demand for semiconductor components. Many factors could adversely affect regional or global economic growth including increased price inflation for goods, services or materials, rising interest rates in the United States and the rest of the world, or tight credit markets. In addition, economic slowdowns may also affect our customers’ ability to pay for our products. Accordingly, economic slowdowns may harm our business.
Current global economic conditions could reduce demand for our products.
Uncertainty about global economic conditions can pose a risk to the overall economy by causing fluctuations to and reductions in consumer and commercial spending. Demand for our products could be different from our expectations due to many factors including changes in business and economic conditions, conditions in the credit market that affect consumer confidence, customer acceptance of our products, changes in customer order patterns, including order cancellations, and changes in the level of inventory held by vendors.
Business interruptions could harm our business.
Our corporate headquarters, a portion of our assembly and research and development activities and certain other critical business operations are located near major earthquake fault lines. We do not maintain earthquake insurance and our business could be harmed in the event of a major earthquake. We generally do not maintain flood coverage, including for our Asian locations where certain of our operations support and sales offices are located. Such flood coverage has become very expensive; as a result we have elected not to purchase this coverage. If one of these locations were to experience a major flood, our business may be harmed.
Our business could be harmed if natural disasters interfere with production of wafers by our suppliers, with assembly and testing of products by our subcontractors, or with our distribution network. We maintain some business interruption insurance to help reduce the effect of such business interruptions, but we are not fully insured against such risks. Likewise, our business could be adversely impacted if a natural disaster were to shut down or significantly curtail production by one or more of our end customers. Any such loss of revenue due to a slowdown or cessation of end customer demand is uninsured.
When natural disasters such as an earthquake or other causes result in wide-spread destruction, the impact on our business may not be readily apparent. This is especially true when trying to assess the impact of the disaster on our end customers, who themselves may not fully understand the impact of the event on their businesses. The full extent and scope of natural disaster impacts, both in terms of direct impact on us and our supply chain, as well as on our end customers (to include their own supply chain issues as well as end-market issues), may not be known for a considerable period of time following the disaster. When any such natural disaster occurs, there can be no assurance that our results of operations may not be materially affected as a result of the impact of the disaster on us or on our end customers.
We rely on third party freight firms for nearly all of our shipments from vendors to assembly and test sites, primarily in Asia, and for shipments of our final product to customers. This includes ground and air transportation. Any significant disruption of such freight business globally or in certain parts of the world, particularly where our operations are concentrated, could materially and adversely affect our ability to generate revenues. Business interruption insurance may not provide enough protection to compensate us for losses that may occur. Accordingly, any of these disruptions could significantly harm our business.
Terrorist attacks, wars and other acts of violence, such as those that may result from the tension in the Middle East and the Korean peninsula, or any other national or international crisis, calamity or emergency, may result in interruption to the business activities of many entities, business losses and overall disruption of the economy at many levels. These events may directly impact our physical facilities or those of our customers and suppliers. Additionally, these events or armed conflicts may cause some of our customers or potential customers to reduce the level of expenditures on their services and products that ultimately may reduce our revenue. The consequences of these reductions are unpredictable, and we may not be able to foresee events that could have an adverse effect on our business. For example, as a result of these events, insurance premiums for businesses may increase and the scope of coverage may be decreased. Consequently, we may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage for our business and properties. To the extent that these disruptions result in delays or cancellations of customer orders, a general decrease in corporate spending, or our inability to effectively market our services and products, our business and results of operations could be harmed.
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We operate a manufacturing facility in Reynosa, Mexico. Historically, certain regions in Mexico have experienced high levels of violence. Any significant disruption of our operations at this facility could materially affect our ability to generate revenues for certain products within our High-Reliability product line. Some of the products that we produce at this facility require certification by the Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”). Failure to secure or maintain the required certification, either directly through the DCAA or through a qualifying third party would materially affect our authorization to manufacture applicable products at this facility, and our revenue for certain products within our High-Reliability product line could materially decline. An audit was performed in May 2012 by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Land and Maritime office, which is the Department of Defense (DoD) agency having oversight responsibility for applicable products manufactured in this facility. We received a letter of certification allowing us to continue producing High-Reliability products in 2013. The applicable certification will maintain our listing on the DoD Qualified Parts List (QPL) as a MIL-PRF-19500 Semiconductor Manufacturer of JAN, JANTX, JANTXV and JANS quality level components. The DLA has indicated, barring any unforeseen circumstances, that our next surveillance audit may occur in early 2015. Semtech has been continuously certified to produce QPL components for over 20 years without lapse.
A large percentage of our sales are to customers located in Asia and a large percentage of our products are manufactured in Asia. One of our largest customer bases in Asia is located in Taiwan. Our largest wafer source is located in China. An outbreak of SARS or other health related issues, such as an avian influenza (bird flu) pandemic, could have a negative impact on consumer demand, on travel needed to secure new business or manage our operations, on transportation of our products from our suppliers or to our customers, or on workers needed to sell or manufacture our products or our customers’ products.
Risks Relating to Production Operations
We obtain many essential components and materials and certain critical manufacturing services from a limited number of suppliers and subcontractors, most of which are foreign-based entities.
Our reliance on a limited number of subcontractors and suppliers for wafers, packaging, testing and certain other processes involves several risks, including potential inability to obtain an adequate supply of required components and reduced control over the price, timely delivery, reliability and quality of components. These risks are attributable to several factors, including limitations on resources, labor problems, equipment failures or the occurrence of natural disasters. The good working relationships we have established with our suppliers and subcontractors could be disrupted, and our supply chain could suffer, if a supplier or subcontractor were to experience a change in control. There can be no assurance that problems will not occur in the future with suppliers or subcontractors. Disruption or termination of our supply sources or subcontractors could significantly delay our shipments and harm our business. Delays could also damage relationships with current and prospective customers. Any prolonged inability to obtain timely deliveries or quality manufacturing or any other circumstances that would require us to seek alternative sources of supply or to manufacture or package certain components internally could limit our growth and harm our business.
We are subject to risk from fluctuating market prices of certain commodity raw materials, particularly gold, that are incorporated into our end products or used by our suppliers to process our end products. Increased commodity prices are passed on to us in the form of higher prices from our suppliers, either in the form of general price increases or commodity surcharges. Although we generally deal with our suppliers on a purchase order basis rather than on a long-term contract basis, we generally attempt to obtain firm pricing for volumes consistent with planned production. Our gross margins may decline if we are not able to increase selling prices of our products or obtain manufacturing efficiencies to offset the increased cost. We do not enter into formal hedging arrangements to mitigate against commodity risk.
Most of our outside subcontractors and suppliers, including third-party foundries that supply silicon wafers, are located in foreign countries, including China, Taiwan, Europe and Israel. For fiscal year 2014, approximately 38% of our silicon in terms of cost of wafers, was supplied by a third-party foundry in China, and this percentage could be even higher in future periods. For fiscal years 2013 and 2012, approximately 38% and 59%, respectively, of our silicon in terms of cost of wafers was supplied by this third-party foundry in China. While our utilization of multiple outside foundries does create some redundancy of fabrication processes, any interruption of supply by one or more of these foundries could materially impact us. We maintain some amount of business interruption insurance to help reduce the risk of wafer supply interruption, but we are not fully insured against such risk.
A majority of our package and test operations are performed by third-party contractors based in Malaysia, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, the Philippines and China. Our international business activities, in general, are subject to a variety of potential risks resulting from political and economic uncertainties. Any political turmoil or trade restrictions in these countries, particularly China, could limit our ability to obtain goods and services from these suppliers and subcontractors. The effect of an economic crisis or political turmoil on our suppliers located in these countries may impact our ability to meet the demands of our customers. If we find it necessary to transition the goods and services received from our existing suppliers or subcontractors to
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other firms, we would likely experience an increase in production costs and a delay in production associated with such a transition, both of which could have a significant negative effect on our operating results, as these risks are substantially uninsured.
Our ultra-high speed SerDes products and most of our microwave products are dependent on a single fabrication facility, located within the United States, for wafers. Any extended or continued interruption of supply by this supplier facility could materially impact our ability to ship these products to customers. An extended or protracted failure by us to deliver products to customers in accordance with contractual delivery commitments could result in lost business opportunities and may in certain circumstances trigger contractual penalties or other contractual liabilities to customers, including stipulated delay fees and/or the cost differential of substitute products.
Our products may be found to be defective, product liability claims may be asserted against us and we may not have sufficient liability insurance.
Manufacturing semiconductors is a highly complex and precise process, requiring production in a tightly controlled, clean environment. Minute impurities in our manufacturing materials, contaminants in the manufacturing environment, manufacturing equipment failures, and other defects can cause our products to be non-compliant with customer requirements or otherwise nonfunctional. We face an inherent business risk of exposure to warranty and product liability claims in the event that our products fail to perform as expected or such failure of our products results, or is alleged to result, in bodily injury or property damage (or both). Since a defect or failure in our product could give rise to failures in the goods that incorporate them (and consequential claims for damages against our customers from their customers), we may face claims for damages that are disproportionate to the revenues and profits we receive from the products involved.
Our general warranty policy provides for repair or replacement of defective parts. In some cases, a refund of the purchase price is offered. In certain instances, we have agreed to other warranty terms, including some indemnification provisions, which could prove to be significantly more costly than repair, replacement or refund. We attempt to limit our liability through our standard terms and conditions and negotiation of sale and other customer contracts, but there is no assurance that such limitations will be accepted or effective. While we maintain some insurance for such events, a successful warranty or product liability claim against us in excess of our available insurance coverage, if any, and established reserves, or a requirement that we participate in a product recall, would have adverse effects (that could be material) on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, in the event that our products fail to perform as expected, our reputation may be damaged, which could make it more difficult for us to sell our products to existing and prospective customers and could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Risks Relating to Research and Development, Engineering, Intellectual Property and New Technologies
We may be unsuccessful in developing and selling new products, which is central to our objective of maintaining and expanding our business.
We operate in a dynamic environment characterized by price erosion, rapid technological change, and design and other technological obsolescence. Our competitiveness and future success depend on our ability to predict and adapt to these changes in a timely and cost-effective manner by designing, developing, manufacturing, marketing and providing support for our own new products and technologies.
A failure to achieve design wins, to introduce these new products in a timely manner, or to achieve market acceptance for these products on commercially reasonable terms could harm our business.
The introduction of new products presents significant business challenges because product development commitments and expenditures must be made well in advance of product sales. The success of a new product depends on accurate forecasts of long-term market demand and future technological developments, as well as on a variety of specific implementation factors, including:
• | timely and efficient completion of technology, product and process design and development; |
• | timely and efficient implementation of manufacturing, assembly, assembly, and test processes; |
• | the ability to secure and effectively utilize fabrication capacity in different geometries; |
• | product performance; |
• | product quality and reliability; and |
• | effective marketing, sales and service. |
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Even if we are able to develop products and achieve design wins, the design wins may never generate revenues if end-customer projects are unsuccessful in the marketplace or the end-customer terminates the project, which may occur for a variety of reasons. Mergers and consolidations among customers may lead to termination of certain projects before the associated design win generates revenue. If design wins do generate revenue, the time lag between the design win and meaningful revenue can be uncertain and could be significant. If we fail to develop products with required features or performance standards or experience even a short delay in bringing a new product to market, or if our customers fail to achieve market acceptance of their products, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.
Our products may fail to meet new industry standards or requirements and the efforts to meet such industry standards or requirements could be costly.
Many of our products are based on industry standards that are continually evolving. Our ability to compete in the future will depend in part on our ability to anticipate, identify and ensure compatibility or compliance with these evolving industry standards. The emergence of new industry standards could render our products incompatible with products developed by our customers and potential customers. As a result, we could be required to invest significant time and effort and to incur significant expense to redesign our products to ensure compliance with relevant standards. If our products are not in compliance with prevailing industry standards or requirements, we could miss opportunities to achieve crucial design wins which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and financial results.
We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property rights.
We pursue patents for some of our new products and unique technologies, but we rely primarily on trade secret protections through a combination of nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions, as well as our employees’ commitment to confidentiality and loyalty, to protect our know-how and processes. We intend to continue protecting our proprietary technology, including through trademark and copyright registrations and patents. Despite this intention, we may not be successful in achieving adequate protection. Our failure to adequately protect our material know-how and processes could harm our business. There can be no assurance that the steps we take will be adequate to protect our proprietary rights, that our patent applications will lead to issued patents, that others will not develop or patent similar or superior products or technologies, or that our patents will not be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented by others. Furthermore, the laws of the countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as laws in the United States.
We may suffer losses and business interruption if our products infringe the intellectual property rights of others.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent claims of infringement and litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. Due to the number of competitors, intellectual property infringement is an ongoing risk since other companies in our industry could have intellectual property rights that may not be identifiable when we initiate development efforts. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights and we may have to defend ourselves against infringement claims. Any such litigation could be very costly and may divert our management’s resources. If one of our products is found to infringe on a third party’s rights, we may have liability for past infringement and may need to seek a license to use such intellectual property going forward. If a license is not available or if we are unable to obtain a license on terms acceptable to us, we would either have to change our product so that it does not infringe or stop making the product.
We must commit resources to product production prior to receipt of purchase commitments and could lose some or all of the associated investment.
Sales are made primarily on a current delivery basis, pursuant to purchase orders that may be revised or cancelled by our customers without penalty, rather than pursuant to long-term contracts. Some contracts require that we maintain inventories of certain products at levels above the anticipated needs of our customers. As a result, we must commit resources to the production of products without binding purchase commitments from customers. Our inability to sell products after we devote significant resources to them could harm our business.
Risks Relating to International Operations
We sell and trade with foreign customers, which subjects our business to increased risks.
Sales to foreign customers accounted for approximately 84% of net sales in the fiscal year ended January 26, 2014. Sales to our customers located in China (including Hong Kong) and South Korea constituted 34% and 11%, respectively, of net sales for fiscal year 2014. International sales are subject to certain risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other barriers, political and economic instability, difficulties in accounts receivable collection, difficulties in managing distributors and representatives, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign subsidiary and branch operations and potentially adverse tax consequences. These factors may harm our business. Our use of the Semtech name may be prohibited or restricted
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in some countries, which may negatively impact our sales efforts. In addition, substantially all of our foreign sales are denominated in U.S. dollars and currency exchange fluctuations in countries where we do business could harm us by resulting in pricing that is not competitive with prices denominated in local currencies.
Our foreign currency exposures may change over time as the level of activity in foreign markets grows and could have an adverse impact upon financial results.
As a global enterprise, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Certain of our assets, including certain bank accounts, exist in non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies, which are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies are principally the Swiss Franc, Euro, Canadian dollars, Mexican Peso, Japanese Yen and British Pound Sterling. We also have a significant number of employees that are paid in foreign currency, the largest groups being United Kingdom-based employees who are paid in British Pound Sterling, Swiss-based employees who are paid in Swiss Francs, Canada-based employees who are paid in Canadian dollars, and Mexican nationals who are paid in Mexican Pesos.
If the value of the U.S. dollar weakens relative to these specific currencies, as it has done in recent years, the cost of doing business in terms of U.S. dollars rises. With the growth of our international business, our foreign currency exposures may grow and under certain circumstances, could harm our business.
As a means of managing our foreign exchange exposure, we routinely convert U.S. dollars into foreign currency in advance of the expected payment. We regularly assess whether or not to hedge foreign exchange exposure. Any future use of forward contracts to hedge foreign exchange exposure may be required to be marked-to-market each quarter and can create volatility in net income not directly tied to our operating results.
We may be subject to increased tax liabilities and an increased effective tax rate if we need to repatriate funds held by our foreign subsidiaries.
As of January 26, 2014, our foreign subsidiaries held approximately $219.3 million of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments and $496.8 million of unremitted earnings for which no Federal or State taxes have been provided. If we needed these funds for investment in our domestic operations, any repatriation could result in increased tax liabilities.
We are subject to export restrictions and laws affecting trade and investments.
As a global company headquartered in the United States, we are subject to U.S. laws and regulations that limit and restrict the export of some of our products. Compliance with these laws has not significantly limited our operations or our sales in the recent past, but could significantly limit them in the future. We maintain an export compliance program but there are risks that the compliance controls could be circumvented, exposing us to legal liabilities. We must also comply with export restrictions and laws imposed by other countries affecting trade and investments. Although these restrictions and laws have not significantly restricted our operations in the recent past, there is a risk that they could do so in the future.
Risks Relating to Sales, Marketing and Competition
We compete against larger, more established entities and our market share may be reduced if we are unable to respond to our competitors effectively.
The semiconductor industry is intensely competitive and is characterized by price erosion, rapid technological change, and design and other technological obsolescence. We compete with domestic and international semiconductor companies, many of which have substantially greater financial and other resources with which to pursue engineering, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products. We consider our primary competitors with respect to our Protection Products to include STMicroelectronics, NXP Semiconductors N.V., ON Semiconductor Corporation and Infineon Technologies AG. Our primary competitors with respect to our Signal Integrity and Timing products are Texas Instruments Incorporated, Maxim Integrated Products, Inc., M/A-COM Technology Solutions Holdings, Inc., Inphi Corporation, Broadcom Corporation, Applied Micro Circuits Corporation, ClariPhy Communications, Inc. and our customer’s own internal solutions. With respect to our Power Management and High Reliability products, we consider our primary competitors to include Linear Technology Corporation, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Microsemi Corporation and Monolithic Power Systems. Our primary competitors with respect to our Wireless and Sensing products include Silicon Laboratories, Texas Instruments Incorporated, Atmel Corporation, Analog Devices Inc. and Cypress Semiconductor Corp.
We expect continued competition from existing competitors as well as competition from new entrants in the semiconductor market. Our ability to compete successfully in the rapidly evolving area of integrated circuit technology depends on several factors, including:
• | success in designing and manufacturing new products that implement new technologies; |
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• | protection of our processes, trade secrets and know-how; |
• | maintaining high product quality and reliability; |
• | pricing policies of our competitors; |
• | performance of competitors’ products; |
• | ability to deliver in large volume on a timely basis; |
• | marketing, manufacturing and distribution capability; and |
• | financial strength. |
To the extent that our products achieve market success, competitors typically seek to offer competitive products or lower prices; if they are successful, they could harm our business.
We receive a significant portion of our revenues from a small number of customers and the loss of any one of these customers or failure to collect a receivable from them could adversely affect our business.
Our largest customers have varied from year to year. Historically, we have had significant customers that individually accounted for 10% or more of consolidated revenues in certain quarters or represented 10% or more of net accounts receivables at any given date. One of our authorized distributors regularly accounts for more than 10% of net sales on an annual basis. Depending on the authorized distributor and their strategic focus, they can support anywhere from a few end-customers to many end-customers.
Concentration of Net Sales - Significant Customers
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
(percentage of net sales) | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.(and affiliates) | 12 | % | 12 | % | 13 | % | ||
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd (and affiliates) | 9 | % | 10 | % | 7 | % | ||
Frontek Technology Corp | 5 | % | 6 | % | 10 | % | ||
Concentration of Accounts Receivable - Significant Customers
Fiscal Years | |||||
(percentage of net accounts receivable as of fiscal year end) | 2014 | 2013 | |||
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.(and affiliates) | 13 | % | 12 | % | |
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd (and affiliates) | 9 | % | 14 | % | |
In addition to those customers representing greater than 10% of net sales or accounts receivable listed above, we had several end-customers in fiscal year 2014 that, on an annual basis, accounted for more than 2% of net sales, but less than 10% of net sales.
Sales to our customers are generally made on open account, subject to credit limits we may impose, and the receivables are subject to the risk of being uncollectible.
The volatility of customer demand limits our ability to predict future levels of sales and profitability.
We primarily conduct our sales on a purchase order basis, rather than pursuant to long-term contracts. The loss of any significant customer, any material reduction in orders by any of our significant customers, the cancellation of a significant customer order or the cancellation or delay of a customer’s significant program or product could harm our business.
Semiconductor suppliers can rapidly increase production output in response to slight increases in demand, leading to a sudden oversupply situation and a subsequent reduction in order rates and revenues as customers adjust their inventories to account for shorter lead times. Conversely, when circumstances create longer lead times customers may orders in excess of what they need to ensure availability, then cancel orders if lead times are reduced. A rapid and sudden decline in customer demand for products or cancellation of orders can result in excess quantities of certain products relative to demand. Should this occur, our operating results may be adversely affected as a result of charges to reduce the carrying value of our inventory to the estimated demand level or market price. Our quarterly revenues are highly dependent upon turns fill orders (orders booked and shipped in the same quarter). The short-term and volatile nature of customer demand makes it extremely difficult to accurately predict near term revenues and profits.
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Most of our authorized distributors, which together represent approximately half of our net sales, can terminate their contract with us with little or no notice. The termination of a distributor could negatively impact our business, including net sales and accounts receivable.
In fiscal year 2014, authorized distributors accounted for approximately 43% of our net sales. We generally do not have long-term contracts with our distributors and most can terminate their agreement with us with little or no notice. For fiscal year 2014, our two largest distributors were based in Asia.
The termination of any of our distributor relationships could impact our net sales and limit our access to certain end-customers. It could also result in the return of excess inventory of our product held by that distributor. Since many distributors simply resell finished products, they generally operate on very thin profit margins. If a distributor were to terminate an agreement with us or go out of business, our accounts receivable from the particular distributor would be subject to significant collection risk.
Risks Relating to Governmental Regulations, including Taxes, Financial Reporting Rules and Regulations, and Environmental Regulations
We are subject to government regulations and other standards that impose operational and reporting requirements.
We, our suppliers, and our customers are subject to a variety of United States federal, foreign, state and local governmental laws, rules and regulations, including those related to the use, storage, handling, discharge or disposal of certain toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals and the incorporation of such substances into products available for sale. If we or our suppliers were to incur substantial additional expenses to acquire equipment or otherwise comply with environmental regulations, product costs could significantly increase, thus harming our business.
We are also subject to laws, rules, and regulations related to export licensing and customs requirements, including the International Traffic in Arms Controls, the North American Free Trade Agreement and State Department and Commerce Department rules.
Additional laws, rules and regulations at the United States federal and relevant foreign levels governing data privacy protections for personal information, and corrupt practices/anti-bribery prohibitions, impact our business in terms of ongoing monitoring of compliance. Legislation and related regulations in the United Kingdom under that country’s Bribery Act could have extra-territorial application of compliance standards that may be inconsistent with comparable United States law, requiring us to re-evaluate and amend our compliance programs, policies and initiatives.
The SEC and NASDAQ have revised, and continue to revise, their regulations and listing standards. These developments have increased, and may continue to increase, our legal compliance and financial reporting costs. These developments also may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. This, in turn, could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Board of Directors, or qualified executive officers.
Failure to comply with present or future laws, rules and regulations of any kind that govern our business could result in suspension of all or a portion of production, cessation of all or a portion of operations, or the imposition of significant regulatory, administrative, civil, or criminal penalties or sanctions, any of which could harm our business.
Our failure to comply with any applicable environmental regulations could result in a range of consequences, including fines, suspension of production, excess inventory, sales limitations, and criminal and civil liabilities.
We are subject to various state, federal and international laws and regulations governing the environment, including restricting the presence of certain substances in electronic products and making producers of those products financially responsible for the collection, treatment, recycling and disposal of those products. Although our management systems are designed to maintain compliance, we cannot assure you that we have been or will be at all times in complete compliance with such laws and regulations. If we violate or fail to comply with any of them, a range of consequences could result, including fines, import/export restrictions, sales limitations, criminal and civil liabilities or other sanctions. We could also be held liable for any and all consequences arising out of exposure to hazardous materials used, stored, released, disposed of by us or located at, under or emanating from our facilities or other environmental or natural resource damage. We have incurred, and may continue to incur, liabilities under various statutes for the cleanup of pollutants at locations we have operated and at third-party disposal and recycling sites we have used. For example, during our fiscal year 2013, we recorded a $2.5 million environmental reserve associated with a cleanup and abatement order from a regulatory authority at our former facility in Newbury Park, California for groundwater contamination.
Environmental laws are complex, change frequently and have tended to become more stringent over time. For example, the European Union and China are two among a growing number of jurisdictions that have enacted in recent years restrictions on the use of lead, among other chemicals, in electronic products. These regulations affect semiconductor packaging. There is a
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risk that the cost, quality and manufacturing yields of lead-free products may be less favorable compared to lead-based products or that the transition to lead-free products may produce sudden changes in demand, which may result in excess inventory.
Future environmental legal requirements may become more stringent or costly and our compliance costs and potential liabilities arising from past and future releases of, or exposure to, hazardous substances may harm our business and our reputation.
New regulations related to “conflict minerals” may force us to incur additional expenses, may make our supply chain more complex and may result in damage to our reputation with customers.
On August 22, 2012, under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, or the Dodd-Frank Act, the SEC adopted new requirements for companies that use certain minerals and metals, known as conflict minerals, in their products, whether or not these products are manufactured by third parties. These metals are commonly used in electronic components and devices, including our products. These regulations will require companies to investigate and disclose whether or not such minerals originate from the Democratic Republic of Congo or adjoining countries. The implementation of these new requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of such minerals used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. As a result, there may only be a limited pool of suppliers who provide conflict free metals, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain products in sufficient quantities or at competitive prices. In addition, we will incur additional costs to comply with the disclosure requirements, including costs related to determining the source of any of the relevant minerals and metals used in our products. Also, since our supply chain is complex, we may face reputational challenges with our customers and other stockholders if we are unable to sufficiently verify the origins for all metals used in our products. In such event, we may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who require that all of the components of our products are certified as conflict mineral free. The first report is due on May 31, 2014 for the 2013 calendar year.
We could be subject to changes in its tax rates, the adoption of new U.S. or international tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities.
We are subject to taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions, including Switzerland, where a number of our subsidiaries are organized. Due to economic and political conditions, tax rates in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change. Our future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation, including in the U.S. and Switzerland. We are also subject to the examination of our tax returns and other tax matters by the Internal Revenue Service of the United States (IRS) and other tax authorities and governmental bodies. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for taxes. There can be no assurance as to the outcome of these examinations. If our effective tax rates were to increase, particularly in the U.S. or Switzerland, or if the ultimate determination of taxes owed is for an amount in excess of amounts previously accrued, our operating results, cash flows, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
In addition, due to the complexity associated with the calculation of our tax provision, we have hired independent tax advisors to assist us. Significant judgment is required in the calculation of our tax provision and the resulting tax liabilities as well as determination of our ability to realize our deferred tax assets. Our estimates of future taxable income and the regional mix of this income can change as new information becomes available. Any such changes in our estimates or assumptions can significantly impact our tax provision in a given period by, for example, requiring us to impair existing deferred tax assets. Such required changes could result in us having to restate our financial statements. Restatements are generally costly and could adversely impact our results of operations or have a negative impact on the trading price of our common stock.
We may be subject to taxation in other jurisdictions which could negatively affect our operations.
As a global organization, we may be subject to a variety of transfer pricing or permanent establishment challenges by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. If certain of our non-U.S. activities were treated as carrying on business as a permanent establishment and therefore, subject to income tax in such jurisdiction, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires an annual management assessment of the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting and an annual report by our independent registered public accounting firm opining on our internal controls over financial reporting. Management is similarly required to review disclosure controls, which are controls established to
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ensure that information required to be disclosed in SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner.
If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and are important in the prevention of financial fraud. If we cannot produce reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our business and operating results could be harmed, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, and there could be a material adverse effect on our stock price. If we fail to maintain adequate disclosure controls and procedures, the reports we file with the SEC, including the financial statements contained therein, could be inaccurate or misleading.
We have limited experience with government contracting, which entails differentiated business risks.
Although such contracts have not constituted a material portion of our revenue in the past, we may from time-to-time derive revenue from contracts and subcontracts with agencies of, or prime or secondary contractors to, the U.S. government, including U.S. military agencies. Consequently, we are subject to certain business risks that are particular to companies that contract with U.S. government agencies. These risks include the ability of the U.S. government or related contractors to unilaterally:
• | terminate contracts at its convenience; |
• | terminate, modify or reduce the value of existing contracts, if budgetary constraints or needs change; |
• | cancel multi-year contracts and related orders, if funds become unavailable; |
• | adjust contract costs and fees on the basis of audits performed by U.S. government agencies; |
• | control and potentially prohibit the export of our products; |
• | require that we continue to supply products despite the expiration of a contract under certain circumstances; |
• | require that we fill certain types of rated orders for the U.S. government prior to filling any orders for other customers; and |
• | suspend us from receiving new contracts pending resolution of any alleged violations of procurement laws or regulations. |
In addition, because we may enter into defense industry contracts with respect to products that are sold both within and outside of the United States, we are subject to the following additional risks in connection with government contracts:
• | the need to bid on programs prior to completing the necessary design, which may result in unforeseen technological difficulties, delays and/or cost overruns; |
• | the difficulty in forecasting long-term costs and schedules and the potential obsolescence of products related to long-term fixed price contracts; and |
• | the need to transfer and obtain security clearances and export licenses, as appropriate. |
Government investigations and inquiries from regulatory agencies could lead to enforcement actions, fines, restatement of our financial statements or other penalties and could result in litigation against us.
In the past, we have been subject to government investigations and inquiries from regulatory agencies such as the SEC and we have had to restate our historical financial statements in connection with such inquiry related to our historical stock option practices. We may be subject to government investigations and receive additional inquiries from regulatory agencies in the future, which may lead to enforcement actions, fines or other penalties.
In addition, litigation has often been brought against a company in connection with the announcement of a government investigation or inquiry from a regulatory agency. Such lawsuits could result in the diversion of management’s time and attention away from business operations, which could harm our business. In addition, the costs of defense and any damages resulting from litigation, a ruling against us, or a settlement of the litigation could adversely affect our cash flow and financial results.
If such government investigations or inquiries result in a restatement of our financial statements, this could delay the filing of our subsequent SEC reports which, in turn, might result in the delisting of our common stock from the NASDAQ Stock Market for failure to meet continued listing requirements.
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Risks Relating to our Business Strategies, Personnel and Other Operations
The loss of any of our key personnel or the failure to attract or retain specialized technical and management personnel could impair our ability to grow our business.
Our future success depends upon our ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical, marketing and managerial personnel. We are dependent on a relatively small group of key technical personnel with analog and mixed-signal expertise. Personnel with highly skilled managerial capabilities, and analog and mixed-signal design expertise, are scarce and competition for personnel with these skills is intense. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain key employees or that we will be successful in attracting, integrating or retaining other highly qualified personnel in the future. If we are unable to retain the services of key employees or are unsuccessful in attracting new highly qualified employees, our business could be harmed.
If our stock price declines below the exercise price of stock options held by our employees, the retention incentive aspect of the stock options is lost and there is a greater likelihood we will be unable to retain key talent.
We face risks associated with companies we have acquired in the past and may acquire in the future.
We have expanded our operations through strategic acquisitions, such as the acquisition of Sierra Monolithics Inc. ("SMI") in December 2009 and Gennum Corporation in March 2012, and we may continue to expand and diversify our operations with additional acquisitions. Acquisitions have used and could use in the future a significant portion of our available liquid assets or we could incur debt or issue equity securities to fund acquisitions. Issuance of equity securities could be dilutive to existing shareholders. Debt financing could subject us to restrictive covenants that could have an adverse effect on our business. Although we undertake detailed reviews of proposed acquisition candidates and attempt to negotiate acquisition terms favorable to us, we may encounter difficulties or incur liabilities for which we have no recourse. We cannot provide any assurance that any acquisition will have a positive impact on our future performance.
If we are unsuccessful in integrating acquired companies into our operations or if integration is more difficult than anticipated, then we may not achieve anticipated cost savings or synergies and may experience disruptions that could harm our business. Some of the risks that may affect our ability to successfully integrate acquired companies include those associated with:
• | conforming the acquired company’s standards, processes, procedures and controls with our operations; |
• | coordinating new product and process development, especially with respect to highly complex technologies; |
• | assuring acquired products meet our quality standards; |
• | loss of key employees or customers of the acquired company; |
• | hiring additional management and other critical personnel; |
• | increasing the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our operations; |
• | consolidation of facilities and functions; |
• | the geographic distance between the companies; and |
• | disparate corporate cultures. |
Acquisitions could have a negative impact on our future earnings by way of poor performance by the acquired company or, if we later conclude we are unable to use or sell an acquired product or technology, we could be required to write down the related intangible assets and goodwill.
We may be required to recognize additional impairment charges in the future which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We assess our goodwill, other intangible assets and our long-lived assets on an annual basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of our assets may not be recoverable, and as and when required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States to determine whether they are impaired. In fiscal year 2014, in connection with the restructuring related to the combination of our Advanced Communications and Gennum Product groups, we recorded charges of approximately $150.0 million for the impairment of goodwill and certain intangible assets. Future restructuring or appraisal of our business impacting fair value of our assets or changes in estimates of our future cash flows could affect our impairment analysis in future periods and cause us to record either an additional expense for impairment of assets previously determined to be partially impaired or record an expense for impairment of other assets. Depending on future circumstances, we may never realize the full value of intangible assets. Any future determination or impairment of a significant portion of our goodwill and other intangibles could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
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Our ability to generate the significant amount of cash needed to service our debt obligations or to obtain additional financing depends on many factors beyond our control.
We completed the acquisition of Gennum on March 20, 2012 and entered into senior secured first lien credit facilities in an aggregate principal amount of $350 million. On May 2, 2013, the initial credit facility was replaced with a new credit facility in an aggregate amount of $400 million as described further under “Note 10- Credit Facilities” of Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Prior to the completion of the acquisition of Gennum, we did not have any material outstanding indebtedness. As a result of the incurrence of such debt, we expect our consolidated interest expense will increase. Our ability to make payments on amounts borrowed under our credit facilities, and to fund our operations, will depend on our ability to generate substantial operating cash flow. Our cash flow generation will depend on our future performance, which will be subject to prevailing economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations and, if we cannot service our debt, we will have to take actions such as reducing or delaying capital investments, selling assets, or seeking additional equity capital. We may not be able to, if required, effect these actions on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Because of these and other factors beyond our control, we may be unable to pay the interest on or other amounts in respect of our indebtedness.
Restrictive covenants in the credit agreement governing our senior secured first lien credit facilities may restrict our ability to pursue our business strategies.
The credit agreement governing our senior secured first lien credit facilities contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interests. The credit agreement includes covenants restricting, among other things, our and our subsidiaries’ ability to:
• | incur or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; |
• | pay dividends or make distributions on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase or retire our capital stock; |
• | make certain investments and acquisitions; |
• | create liens on our or our subsidiaries’ assets; |
• | enter into transactions with affiliates; |
• | merge or consolidate with another person or sell or otherwise dispose of substantially all of our assets; |
• | make certain payments in respect of other material indebtedness; |
• | alter the business that we conduct; and |
• | make certain capital expenditures. |
Under the credit agreement, we are required to maintain a total leverage ratio and an interest expense coverage ratio. Our ability to meet such financial ratios can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to meet such ratios. The credit agreement also contains various covenants and restrictions and a breach of any covenant or restriction could result in a default under our credit agreement. If any such default occurs, the lenders may elect (after the expiration of any applicable notice or grace periods) to declare all outstanding borrowings, together with accrued and unpaid interest and other amounts payable thereunder, to be immediately due and payable. Further, following an event of default under our credit facilities, the lenders will have the right to proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that debt. If the debt under our credit facilities were to be accelerated, our assets may not be sufficient to repay in full that debt that may become due as a result of that acceleration.
We rely on certain critical information systems for the operation of our business.
We maintain and rely upon certain critical information systems for the effective operation of our business. These information systems include telecommunications, the Internet, our corporate intranet, various computer hardware and software applications, network communications, and e-mail. These information systems may be owned by us or by our outsource providers or even third parties such as vendors and contractors and may be maintained by us or by such providers or third parties. These information systems are subject to attacks, failures, and access denials from a number of potential sources including viruses, destructive or inadequate code, power failures, and physical damage to computers, hard drives, communication lines and networking equipment. To the extent that these information systems are under our control, we have implemented security procedures, such as virus protection software and emergency recovery processes, to address the outlined risks; however, security procedures for information systems cannot be guaranteed to be failsafe and our inability to use or access these information systems at critical points in time could unfavorably impact the timely and efficient operation of our business. Additionally, any compromise of our information security could result in the unauthorized publication of our confidential business or proprietary information or the unauthorized release of customer or employee data and result in a violation of privacy or other laws, thus exposing us to litigation or damage to our reputation.
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The costs associated with our indemnification of certain customers, distributors, and other parties could be higher in future periods.
In the normal course of our business, we indemnify other parties, including customers, distributors, and lessors, with respect to certain matters. These obligations typically arise pursuant to contracts under which we agree to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations and covenants related to certain matters, such as acts or omissions of our employees, infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, and certain environmental matters. We have not incurred any significant expense as a result of agreements of this type in at least a decade, but there can be no assurances that we will not incur expense under these indemnification provisions in the future.
We have also entered into agreements with our current and former directors and certain of our current and former executives indemnifying them against certain liabilities incurred in connection with their duties. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations with respect to our current and former directors and employees, as does the California Labor Code. We cannot estimate the amount of potential future payments, if any, that we might be required to make as a result of these agreements.
Our share price could be subject to extreme price fluctuations, and stockholders could have difficulty trading shares.
Historically, the market for the stock of high technology companies has been volatile, and the market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be subject to significant fluctuations. Fluctuations could be in response to items such as operating results, announcements of technological innovations, or market conditions for technology stocks in general. Additionally, the stock market in recent years has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that often have been unrelated to the operating performance of individual companies. These market fluctuations, as well as general economic conditions, may adversely affect the price of our common stock.
In addition, the future sale of a substantial number of shares of common stock by us or by our existing stockholders or option holders (including directors, officers, and employees, some of whom hold stock options that are approaching their expiration date) may have an adverse impact on the market price of the shares of common stock. There can be no assurance that the trading price of our common stock will remain at or near its current level.
Our decision to implement a new Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) software platform has been subject to some delay, could be subject to further delays, may cost more than expected and could interrupt operational transactions during and following the implementation.
We are currently implementing SAP’s enterprise resource planning software and making related enhancements to our integrated financial and supply chain management systems. This process is complex, time-consuming and expensive. Operational disruptions during the course of this process or delays in or results from the implementation of these enhancements could materially impact our operations. Our ability to forecast sales demand, ship products, manage our product inventory and record and report financial and management information on a timely and accurate basis could be impaired while we are making these enhancements, as well as after we complete the implementation.
We have already experienced some delay in the implementation of the ERP system and there is no guarantee that other delays will not take place. Further changes in scope, timeline or cost could have a material adverse effect on our results of operation.
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments |
None.
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Item 2. | Properties |
Our headquarters are located in Camarillo, California where we own an approximately 87,600 square foot facility that was completed in 2002. The parcel on which our headquarters is located can accommodate substantial expansion. The Camarillo facility houses inside sales, marketing and administrative offices as well as a very limited amount of test and probe activity.
We own a 30,000 square foot building in Reynosa, Mexico that supports some of the assembly and production needs of the Power Management and High-Reliability product line.
We lease an approximately 13,500 square foot building in San Diego, California that houses design, test and administrative functions and serves as a development center for our Wireless and Sensing product line. The lease on this facility runs through September 2014, with an option to extend for an additional five years.
Our Redondo Beach, California facilities consist of approximately 26,300 total square feet of leased space which house general offices for business functions relating to certain products of our Signal Integrity and Timing product line. The leases on these facilities expire at various times through 2015. A portion of the facilities are occupied under a month to month tenancy. We also lease approximately 35,000 square feet in Irvine, California which facility houses design, test and administrative functions for our Advanced Communications product line. The leases on the Irvine facilities expire between 2014 and 2015.
We lease a facility in Wil, Switzerland which serves as corporate headquarters for our Semtech International AG subsidiary and houses finance, administrative, legal, and other general functions. The lease on this facility runs through March 2014. In April 2014, Semtech International AG will relocate into a facility in Rapperswil, Switzerland. The lease on this new facility runs through January 2017. In addition, we lease office and warehouse space in Neuchatel, Switzerland, the headquarters for our Wireless and Sensing product line. The lease on this facility expires in March 2016.
We also lease space to house certain of our other administrative, design, sales and marketing, and operations in San Jose, California; Raleigh, North Carolina; Buckingham Township (Philadelphia), Pennsylvania; Canada; China; Finland; France; Germany; India; Japan; Lithuania; Mexico; South Korea; Sweden; the Philippines; Taiwan; and the United Kingdom.
We believe that our existing leased and owned space is more than adequate for our current operations, and that suitable replacement and additional space will be available in the future on commercially reasonable terms.
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings |
The descriptions of the legal proceedings in Note 15 to the financial statements included in this report are incorporated by reference to this Item 3.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
Not applicable.
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PART II
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Market Information
During fiscal years 2014 and 2013, our common stock traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “SMTC.” The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sale prices of our common stock, as reported on the NASDAQ market, giving effect to all stock splits through the date hereof.
High | Low | ||
Fiscal year ended January 26, 2014: | |||
First Quarter | $35.50 | $29.49 | |
Second Quarter | $37.45 | $30.90 | |
Third Quarter | $32.35 | $27.78 | |
Fourth Quarter | $32.72 | $22.57 | |
Fiscal year ended January 27, 2013: | |||
First Quarter | $30.46 | $25.54 | |
Second Quarter | $27.59 | $22.22 | |
Third Quarter | $27.10 | $23.18 | |
Fourth Quarter | $30.12 | $22.95 | |
On March 21, 2014, the reported last sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $26.26 per share.
Holders
As of March 21, 2014, we had 258 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividends
The payment of dividends on our common stock is within the discretion of our Board of Directors. Currently, we intend to retain earnings to finance the growth of our business. We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock during at least the five most recent fiscal years and our Board of Directors has not indicated any intent to declare a cash dividend on the common stock in the foreseeable future. The credit agreement governing our senior secured first lien credit facilities entered into in connection with our acquisition of Gennum includes covenants limiting our ability to pay dividends or make distributions on our capital stock.
Purchases of Equity
Information with respect to purchases by the Company of shares of common stock during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014 follows:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Fiscal Month/Year | Total Number of Shares Purchased (2) | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under The Program (1) | ||||||||||
November 2013 (10/28/13-11/24/13) | 22,528 | $ | 29.87 | 22,528 | $ | 76.8 | million | |||||||
December 2013 (11/25/13-12/22/13) | 324,604 | $ | 28.70 | 324,604 | $ | 67.5 | million | |||||||
January 2014 (12/23/13-01/26/14) | 202,661 | $ | 24.64 | 202,661 | $ | 62.5 | million | |||||||
Total activity in the fourth quarter | 549,793 | $ | 27.25 | 549,793 | ||||||||||
(1) | The Company maintains an active stock repurchasing program which was approved by the Company's Board of Directors in March 2008 (the "2008 program"). The 2008 program does not have an expiration date and the Board of Directors has authorized expansion of the program over the years. In November 2011 the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50.0 million of shares of the Company's common stock from time to time through negotiated or open market transactions (the "2011 Program"). On August 21, 2013, the Company announced an additional $50.0 million expansion of the 2011 Program for a total authorized program of $100.0 million. As of January 26, 2014, we had repurchased $37.5 million of common stock under this program. |
(2) | The table does not include shares surrendered to us in connection with the cashless exercise of stock options by employees and directors or shares surrendered to us to cover tax liabilities upon vesting of restricted stock. |
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
See the information set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Form 10-K.
Sales of Unregistered Securities
We did not make any unregistered sales of equity securities during fiscal year 2014.
Performance Graph
This chart and graph show the value of a $100 cash investment on the last day of fiscal year 2008 in (i) the Company’s common stock, (ii) the NASDAQ Composite Index, and (iii) the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index. Note that historic stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
Fiscal Year | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Semtech | $ | 100 | $ | 130 | $ | 189 | $ | 252 | $ | 259 | $ | 202 | |||||||||||
NASDAQ Composite | $ | 100 | $ | 145 | $ | 182 | $ | 191 | $ | 213 | $ | 279 | |||||||||||
PHLX SEMICONDUCTOR SECTOR | $ | 100 | $ | 152 | $ | 211 | $ | 198 | $ | 199 | $ | 254 | |||||||||||
The information contained in this Item 5 under the heading “Performance Graph” (i) is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, and (ii) shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Exchange Act, or the Securities Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing to this Item 5 Performance Graph information.
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Item 6. | Selected Financial Data |
The consolidated statements of operations data set forth below for fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of the end of fiscal years 2014 and 2013 are derived from, and qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report. The consolidated statements of operations data for fiscal years 2011 and 2010 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of the end of fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010 are derived from the audited financial statements previously filed with the SEC on Form 10-K.
This information should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis contained in Item 7 of this report, the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in Item 8 of this report, and the corresponding items included in our Form 10-K for fiscal years 2013, 2012 and 2011.
The fiscal year ended January 31, 2010 consisted of fifty-three weeks with the extra week falling in the fourth quarter. All other fiscal years presented consisted of fifty-two weeks. Our past results are not necessarily indicative of our future performance.
Income Statement Data
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | January 26, 2014 | January 27, 2013 | January 29, 2012 | January 30, 2011 | January 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 594,977 | $ | 578,827 | $ | 480,601 | $ | 454,502 | $ | 286,560 | |||||||||
Cost of sales | 244,719 | 264,215 | 194,956 | 186,196 | 130,514 | ||||||||||||||
Cost of sales - lower of cost or market write down | 15,047 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Gross profit | 335,211 | 314,612 | 285,645 | 268,306 | 156,046 | ||||||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 125,379 | 149,070 | 100,629 | 110,404 | 77,934 | ||||||||||||||
Product development and engineering | 137,437 | 120,009 | 80,577 | 69,624 | 44,847 | ||||||||||||||
Intangible amortization | 29,002 | 29,244 | 8,383 | 9,520 | 2,348 | ||||||||||||||
Intangible asset impairments | 32,538 | 700 | 2,470 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Goodwill impairment | 116,686 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Restructuring | 3,086 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | 444,128 | 299,023 | 192,059 | 189,548 | 125,129 | ||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income | (108,917 | ) | 15,589 | 93,586 | 78,758 | 30,917 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense | (18,174 | ) | (14,363 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Interest income and other (expense) income, net | (1,390 | ) | (977 | ) | 593 | 574 | 3,054 | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income before taxes | (128,481 | ) | 249 | 94,179 | 79,332 | 33,971 | |||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for taxes | 35,985 | (41,690 | ) | 5,092 | 6,760 | 33,014 | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | $ | (164,466 | ) | $ | 41,939 | $ | 89,087 | $ | 72,572 | $ | 957 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | (2.44 | ) | $ | 0.64 | $ | 1.37 | $ | 1.16 | $ | 0.02 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | (2.44 | ) | $ | 0.62 | $ | 1.32 | $ | 1.12 | $ | 0.02 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares used in computing earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 67,471 | 65,809 | 65,099 | 62,339 | 60,779 | ||||||||||||||
Diluted | 67,471 | 67,472 | 67,350 | 64,523 | 61,676 | ||||||||||||||
Anti-dilutive shares not included in the EPS calculations | 1,245 | 783 | 625 | 1,700 | 8,900 | ||||||||||||||
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Balance Sheet Data
(in thousands) | January 26, 2014 | January 27, 2013 | January 29, 2012 | January 30, 2011 | January 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and investments | $ | 246,868 | $ | 236,072 | $ | 327,665 | $ | 258,342 | $ | 162,223 | |||||||||
Working capital | 282,706 | 248,311 | 360,330 | 259,873 | 146,086 | ||||||||||||||
Total assets | 948,940 | 1,171,013 | 726,321 | 659,943 | 514,294 | ||||||||||||||
Long term debt, less current | 273,293 | 282,286 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 25,288 | 318,505 | 29,151 | 37,503 | 35,173 | ||||||||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 535,843 | 694,826 | 630,188 | 528,615 | 405,741 | ||||||||||||||
Note 1: | The Company acquired Gennum on March 20, 2012 and Cycleo SAS on March 7, 2012. Both of these acquisitions occurred during our fiscal year 2013 with Gennum being the more significant of the two. As a result, fiscal year 2013 reflects almost a full year of these acquisitions in our consolidated statements of operations. |
The Company acquired SMI on December 9, 2009 and Leadis Technology Inc. on February 6, 2009. Both of these acquisitions occurred during our fiscal year 2010 with SMI being the more significant of the two. As a result, fiscal year 2011 reflects a full year of these acquisitions in our consolidated statements of operations.
Refer to Note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
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Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Item 6 “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our operations, industry, financial condition, performance, results of operations, and liquidity. Forward-looking statements are statements other than historical information or statements of current condition and relate to matters such as future financial performance, future operational performance, the anticipated impact of specific items on future earnings, and our plans, objectives and expectations. Statements containing words such as "may," "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "project," "estimate," "should," "will," "designed to," "projections," or "business outlook," or other similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those projected. Potential factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the continuation and/or pace of key trends considered to be main contributors to the Company's growth, such as demand for increased network bandwidth, demand for increasing energy efficiency in the Company's products or end use applications of the products, and demand for increasing miniaturization of electronic components; shifts in demand among target customers, and other comparable changes or protracted weakness in projected or anticipated end-user markets; competitive changes in the marketplace, including, but not limited to the pace of growth or adoption rates of applicable products or technologies; shifts in focus among target customers, and other comparable changes in projected or anticipated end-user markets; adequate supply of components and materials from our suppliers, and of our products from our third-party manufacturers, to include disruptions due to natural causes or disasters, or related extraordinary weather events; the Company's ability to forecast and achieve anticipated revenues and earnings estimates in light of periodic economic uncertainty, to include impacts arising from European and global economic dynamics; the Company's ability to manage expenses to achieve anticipated amounts; and the amount and timing of expenditures for capital equipment deemed necessary or advisable by the Company. Additionally, forward-looking statements should be considered in conjunction with the cautionary statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including, without limitation, information under the section "Risk Factors" and additional factors that accompany the related forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in the Company's other filings with the SEC, and in material incorporated herein and therein by reference. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein that may cause actual performance and results to differ materially from those predicted, any such forward-looking information should not be regarded as representations or guarantees by the Company of future performance or results, or that its objectives or plans will be achieved, or that any of its operating expectations or financial forecasts will be realized. Reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking information contained herein, which reflect management's analysis only as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, the Company assumes no obligation to publicly release the results of any update or revision to any forward-looking statement that may be made to reflect new information, events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated or future events, or otherwise.
Overview
We are a leading supplier of analog and mixed-signal semiconductor products and were incorporated in Delaware in 1960. We design, produce and market a broad range of products that are sold principally into applications within the high-end consumer, industrial, enterprise computing and communications end-markets. The high-end consumer end-market includes handheld devices, tablets, set-top boxes, digital televisions, digital video recorders, thunderbolt cables and other consumer equipment. Applications for the industrial market include broadcast studio equipment, automated meter reading, military and aerospace, medical, security systems, automotive, industrial and home automation, video security and surveillance and other industrial equipment. Enterprise computing end-markets include desktops, notebooks, servers, graphic boards, monitors, printers, datacenter related equipment, storage networks and computer peripherals. Communications end-market applications include base stations, optical networks, carrier networks, switches and routers, cable modems, signal conditioners, wireless LAN, and other communication infrastructure equipment. Our end-customers are primarily original equipment manufacturers and their suppliers, including Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco Systems, Inc., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., LG Electronics, Motorola, Nokia Siemens Networks, Itron, Apple, Phonak International, Research In Motion Limited, Samsung Electronics Co., Google Inc., Amazon.com Inc., and ZTE Corporation.
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On March 20, 2012, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Semtech Canada Inc., completed the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of Gennum Corporation (“Gennum”) (TSX: GND), a leading supplier of high speed analog and mixed-signal semiconductors for the optical communications and video broadcast markets.
Upon consummation of the acquisition, which constituted a change in control of Gennum, Gennum’s stock option awards and restricted shares became fully vested. We acquired 100% of the outstanding shares and vested stock options, restricted shares, and deferred share units of Gennum for CDN$13.55 per share for a total purchase price of $506.5 million. See Note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report. The acquisition was initially financed with a combination of cash from our international cash reserves and $347.0 million (net of original issue discount of $3.0 million) of five-year secured term loans with a combined interest rate of approximately 4%. See Note 10 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
Our primary reasons for the acquisition were to broaden our existing portfolio of high-performance analog products and to acquire a portfolio of high-speed data communications and video platforms to create one of the industry’s most complete and robust high-speed analog and mixed signal portfolios. In addition, Gennum’s strong position in the emerging HD video surveillance market further diversifies our portfolio of high-performance analog semiconductors and provides cross-selling potential with the combined customer base.
On March 7, 2012, we completed the acquisition of Cycleo SAS (“Cycleo”), a privately held company based in France that develops IP for wireless long-range semiconductor products used in smart metering and other industrial and consumer markets. This transaction, which was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, complements our current wireless offerings and will bring customers a set of high-end, digitally enhanced wireless solutions. Under the terms of the agreement, we paid the stockholders of Cycleo $5.0 million in cash at closing. The audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years 2014 and 2013 include the results of operations of Gennum and Cycleo commencing as of the acquisition dates.
We operate our business in one enterprise-wide reportable segment. All of our operating segments exhibit similar economic characteristics and we manage our business to a targeted gross margin range which all of our product lines are expected to meet. During fiscal years 2014, 2013 and 2012 the gross margin of our Power Management and High-Reliability group did not fall within our targeted range as their business was negatively impacted by lower sales volumes and an unfavorable product mix. The lower sales volumes are the result of the group’s strategic transition away from certain markets (i.e., the personal computer market) that are characterized by non-differentiated offerings in sectors that are highly competitive. Specifically, this group is transitioning its product offerings to better support its current target markets, which include high-end consumer and medical, space, industrial and automotive applications that have historically enjoyed higher gross margins. We are starting to see traction in this endeavor as supported by the pace of new product introductions and customer design win communications. As a result of the lower volumes currently being experienced by this group, their gross margin has been impacted more than our other product groups by lower overhead absorption and fixed costs. In order to support existing customers while developing new cost-efficient products that can be sold at competitive prices, the Power Management and High-Reliability group has sold certain products at lower margins.
Most of our sales to customers are made on the basis of individual customer purchase orders. Many customers include cancellation provisions in their purchase orders. Trends within the industry toward shorter lead-times and “just-in-time” deliveries have resulted in our reduced ability to predict future shipments. As a result, we rely on orders received and shipped within the same quarter for a significant portion of our sales. Orders received and shipped in fiscal year 2014 represented 48% of net sales. Sales made directly to customers during fiscal year 2014 were 57% of net sales. The remaining 43% of net sales were made through independent distributors.
Our business relies on foreign-based entities. Most of our outside subcontractors and suppliers, including third-party foundries that supply silicon wafers, are located in foreign countries, including China, Taiwan, Europe and Israel. For the fiscal year ended January 26, 2014, approximately 38% of our silicon, in terms of cost of wafers purchased, was manufactured in China. Foreign sales for fiscal year 2014 constituted approximately 84% of our net sales. Approximately 86% of foreign sales in fiscal year 2014 were to customers located in the Asia-Pacific region. The remaining foreign sales were primarily to customers in Europe and Canada.
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Restructuring
We use several metrics as indicators of future potential growth. The indicators that we believe best correlate to potential future revenue growth are design wins and new product releases. There are many factors that may cause a design win or new product release to not result in revenue, including a customer decision not to go to system production, a change in a customer’s perspective regarding a product’s value or a customer’s product failing in the end-market. As a result, although a design win or new product introduction is an important step towards generating future revenue, it does not inevitably result in us being awarded business or receiving a purchase commitment.
In December 2013, after filing our Form 10-Q for the period ended October 27, 2013, we became aware of changes tied to the decision of a customer, disclosed in our filings as a key customer, to transition from our standard product to their internal application specific integrated circuit (“ASIC”) solution. This decision by our key customer to utilize an internal ASIC solution was accelerated by continued delays in the release of capital investment tenders, primarily within China, which also provided other potential customers of ours with additional time to develop their internal solutions. While some of these potential customers had indicated an interest in transitioning to an internal ASIC solution, it was our key customer’s decision to do so that prompted our strategic reassessment and resulting restructuring.
Upon completing the reassessment of our strategic options in January 2014, we decided to reduce the level of investments that we are making in the long-haul optical market. This reduction in investment is expected to significantly impact our ability to generate future revenue from the long-haul optical market. This anticipated reduction in potential future revenue resulted in us recording significant impairments of goodwill and other intangibles. Additionally, certain long-lived assets were determined to be impaired. As a result of our communications to our customers regarding our operational changes, we expect our customers to take action to transition away from some of our current platforms, including certain products in the 40Gbps and 100Gbps SerDes class which resulted in us reducing the cost basis of inventories in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014. Additionally, we incurred significant costs to terminate certain contract commitments and to provide for certain severance benefits to employees who were terminated prior to January 26, 2014 as a result of these investment reductions. The financial impact of these actions for the twelve month period ending January 26, 2014 is presented below:
Restructuring charges | |||
(in thousands) | |||
Employee terminations and related costs | $ | 1,841 | |
Contract termination costs | 1,245 | ||
Total restructuring costs | $ | 3,086 | |
Impairment of finite and indefinite-lived intangibles | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | Finite-lived intangible assets | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | Total | ||||||||
Intangible asset impairments | $ | 29,938 | $ | — | $ | 29,938 | |||||
Goodwill impairment | — | 116,686 | 116,686 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 29,938 | $ | 116,686 | $ | 146,624 | |||||
Other charges | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | Cost of sales | Selling general and administrative | Product development and engineering | Total | |||||||||||
Inventory write-downs | $ | 15,047 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 15,047 | |||||||
Long-lived asset impairments | 4,341 | 314 | 4,541 | 9,196 | |||||||||||
Contract commitments | 1,729 | — | 3,197 | 4,926 | |||||||||||
Total other charges | $ | 21,117 | $ | 314 | $ | 7,738 | $ | 29,169 | |||||||
We completed most of the restructuring activities in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014, however, we expect to take additional actions in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 that are expected to result in approximately $0.5 million of additional restructuring charges, primarily for lease consolidation and additional severance paid to employees who entered into stay agreements.
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We do not expect any significant changes to our liquidity as a result of our restructuring activities as most of the charges associated with these actions do not require settlement in cash.
As a result of these restructuring actions we expect to realize significant operating cost savings beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015, including an annual reduction in compensation costs of approximately $10.0 million, development costs of approximately $10.0 million and depreciation and amortization costs of approximately $5.2 million. These savings are expected to be offset by an anticipated $70.0 to $80.0 million reduction in revenues from long-haul optical products which are included in our Signal Integrity and Timing product group. We expect the gross margins for this product group to return to normalized levels beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015.
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Results of Operations
Fiscal Year 2014 Compared With Fiscal Year 2013
Presented below is our estimate of the end-market classification of net sales.
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | 2014 | 2013 | Change | |||||||||||||
High-End Consumer (1) | $ | 170,203 | 29 | % | $ | 169,847 | 29 | % | — | % | ||||||
Communications | 160,302 | 27 | % | 181,791 | 31 | % | (12 | )% | ||||||||
Industrial and Other | 149,039 | 25 | % | 141,243 | 25 | % | 6 | % | ||||||||
Enterprise Computing | 115,433 | 19 | % | 85,945 | 15 | % | 34 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 594,977 | 100 | % | $ | 578,826 | 100 | % | 3 | % | ||||||
(1) | Approximately $43.8 million and $36.4 million of our total sales to Samsung Electronics (and Affiliates), one of our significant customers, in fiscal year 2014 and 2013, respectively, were for products that target the handheld market (which includes mobile phones). These revenues are included in the high-end consumer end-market category. |
Net Sales. Net sales for fiscal year 2014 were $595.0 million, an increase of 3% compared to $578.8 million for fiscal year 2013. Fiscal year 2014 revenues within the Enterprise Computing end-market benefited from a full year of Gennum revenue, with particular strength from optical communications which was well positioned for the upgrading of data centers and the build-out of wireless infrastructure. Strength from these areas was primarily offset by a decline in the Communications market with particular weakness in 40Gbps and 100Gbps SerDes devices. The weakness in the Communications market was the result of continued delays in the release of capital investment tenders, primarily in China, and pricing pressure in this space as current suppliers to this market compete for the existing business. Higher revenue in the Industrial end-market was attributed to higher sales of video broadcast products. Revenue from the licensing of intellectual property was $2.5 million and $8.6 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively. Licensing revenue in fiscal year 2013 benefited from a single licensing arrangement that resulted in the recognition of $7.5 million of revenue.
The decline in Communications end-market activity discussed above is expected to continue through fiscal year 2015 and be partially offset by the continued demand from the upgrade of data centers and build-out of communications infrastructure, including wireless base stations and the Internet-of-Things.
Gross Profit. Gross profit was $335.2 million and $314.6 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively. Our gross margin was 56.3% for fiscal year 2014, up from 54.4% in fiscal year 2013. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014, as a result of a significant reduction in forecasted demand for 40Gbps and 100Gbps SerDes products that support the long-haul optical market, we recorded inventory lower of cost or market write-downs of $15.0 million, asset impairment charges of $4.3 million and contract commitment settlement charges of $1.7 million. Gross profit margins for fiscal year 2013 were negatively impacted by the inventory fair value step-up of $39.4 million associated with inventory acquired as part of the Gennum acquisition that was recorded to cost of sales as the acquired inventory was sold. We expect overall gross margins to strengthen to approximately 59.0% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 as a result of lower levels of impairment charges and the absence of purchase accounting charges.
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Operating Costs and Expenses.
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
Cost/Exp. | % net sales | Cost/Exp. | % net sales | Change | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 125,379 | 21 | % | $ | 149,070 | 26 | % | (16 | )% | ||||||
Product development and engineering | 137,437 | 23 | % | 120,009 | 21 | % | 15 | % | ||||||||
Intangible amortization | 29,002 | 5 | % | 29,244 | 5 | % | (1 | )% | ||||||||
Intangible asset impairments | 32,538 | 5 | % | 700 | — | % | 4,548 | % | ||||||||
Goodwill impairment | 116,686 | 20 | % | — | — | % | * | |||||||||
Restructuring | 3,086 | 1 | % | — | — | % | * | |||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | $ | 444,128 | 75 | % | $ | 299,023 | 52 | % | 49 | % | ||||||
* | Percentage is not applicable |
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses for fiscal year 2014 decreased by $23.7 million or (16)% as a result of lower expenses related to our acquisition of Gennum and Cycleo and by lower equity compensation expense. In fiscal year 2013, we incurred transaction and integration expenses related to the Gennum and Cycleo acquisitions of $24.8 million, including severance costs of $13.4 million. Fiscal year 2013 also included approximately $2.5 million of environmental reserves and $1.5 million of legal contingencies associated with a contract dispute.
SG&A stock-based compensation expense was $12.1 million and $15.0 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively. The year over year decrease in equity compensation was principally driven by the impact of a lower stock price on awards that are classified as liability awards and must be marked to market at the end of each financial period and lower anticipated vesting for awards that have a performance vesting condition.
Product Development and Engineering Expenses
Product development and engineering expenses for fiscal years 2014 and 2013 were $137.4 million and $120.0 million, respectively or an increase of 15%. The increase resulted from the inclusion of a full year of spending for Gennum and Cycleo and our decision in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014 to reduce our investments in the long-haul optical market. Specifically, our decision to reduce our investments in the long-haul optical market resulted in us recording an impairment charge against long-lived assets of $5.3 million and contract settlement charges of $2.4 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014.
The levels of product development and engineering expenses reported in a fiscal period can be significantly impacted, and therefore experience period over period volatility, by the number of new product tape-outs and by the timing of recoveries from third parties for non-recurring engineering services which are typically recorded as a reduction to product development and engineering expense. As a result of the actions taken to reduce our investments in the long-haul optical market, we expect product development and engineering expenses to decline to approximately $28.0 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015.
Intangible Amortization and Impairments
Intangible amortization was $29.0 million and $29.2 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively. Intangible asset impairments was $32.5 million and $0.7 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in intangible asset impairments reflects the impact of $32.5 million of intangible impairment charges primarily related to our decision in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014 to reduce the level of investment in the long-haul optical market.
As a result of the impairments recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014, we expect intangible amortization to decline to approximately $6.4 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015.
Goodwill Impairment
As a result of the actions taken to reduce our investments in the long-haul optical market, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $116.7 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014 to write-off the value of all goodwill associated with our Advanced Communications group.
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Restructuring
We incurred $3.1 million for restructuring charges in fiscal year 2014 for severance and contract cancellation liabilities related to our decision to reduce our investment in the long haul optical market, realign product groupings, and align spending with anticipated demand levels.
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $18.2 million and $14.4 million for fiscal year 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase was primarily due to a $7.1 million write-off of unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance cost associated with the debt modification in the second quarter of fiscal year 2014, partially offset by lower interest rates associated with modified credit facilities.
Interest Income and Other Expense, Net. Interest income and other expense, net was expense of $1.4 million in fiscal year 2014 compared to expense of $1.0 million in fiscal year 2013. The net increase in fiscal year 2014, was due to higher levels of other interest expense and volatility of foreign exchange related to cash denominated in foreign currencies.
Provision for Taxes. The provision for income taxes was $36.0 million for fiscal year 2014 compared to a benefit of $41.7 million for fiscal year 2013. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2014 and 2013 was a tax provision of 28.0% and a tax benefit of 16,470.4%, respectively. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2014 reflects the impact of a valuation reserve against our deferred tax assets of $52.9 million. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2013 reflects the impact of a one-time $23.4 million benefit related to our change in assertion to permanently reinvest $70.0 million of foreign subsidiary earnings.
During fiscal year 2014, we recognized a one-time tax benefit of $2.7 million related to the revaluation of our net Swiss deferred tax liabilities. The revaluation of these liabilities was required to reflect the impact of a new Swiss tax ruling, which was formally approved by Swiss tax authorities during the third quarter of fiscal year 2014.
Our effective tax rate in fiscal year 2014 differs from the statutory federal income tax rate of 35% due primarily to the non-deductibility of goodwill impairment charges, a valuation reserve against our deferred tax assets, certain undistributed foreign earnings for which no U.S taxes are provided because such earnings are indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S. and a change in the tax rates in Switzerland due to a new Swiss tax ruling. We receive an income tax benefit from tax differentials due to our presence in foreign jurisdictions such as Switzerland and Canada where statutory rates are lower than U.S. federal tax rates. We are currently not aware of any uncertainties or trends relating to foreign tax differential or the new Swiss tax ruling that could significantly impact our income taxes in future periods.
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of the assets and liabilities.
As of January 26, 2014, we have a valuation allowance against our U.S. and foreign deferred tax assets of approximately $61.3 million. We are required to assess whether a valuation allowance should be recorded against our deferred tax assets (“DTAs”) based on the consideration of all available evidence, using a “more likely than not” realization standard. The four sources of taxable income that must be considered in determining whether DTAs will be realized are, (1) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (i.e. offset of gross deferred tax assets against gross deferred tax liabilities); (2) taxable income in prior carryback years, if carryback is permitted under the tax law; (3) tax planning strategies and (4) future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards.
In assessing whether a valuation allowance is required, significant weight is to be given to evidence that can be objectively verified. We have evaluated our DTAs each reporting period, including an assessment of our cumulative income or loss over the prior three-year period, to determine if a valuation allowance was required. A significant negative factor in our assessment was the Company’s three-year cumulative loss history as of January 26, 2014.
After a review of the four sources of taxable income described above and in view of our three-year cumulative loss, we were not able to conclude that it is more likely than not that our DTAs will be realized. As a result, we recorded an additional valuation allowance on our DTAs, with a corresponding charge to our income tax provision, of approximately $52.9 million as of January 26, 2014.
As we enter fiscal year 2015, we expect our tax rate to face upward pressure as a result of a less favorable mix of foreign and domestic income and our expected inability to benefit deferred tax assets as a result of our recent history of tax losses in the United States and Canada.
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As a global organization, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. To the extent that an audit, or the closure of a statute of limitations, results in our adjusting our reserves for uncertain tax positions, our effective tax rate could experience extreme volatility since any adjustment would be recorded as a discrete item in the period of adjustment.
Fiscal Year 2013 Compared With Fiscal Year 2012
Presented below is our estimate of net sales by end-market.
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | 2013 | 2012 | Change | |||||||||||||
Communications | $ | 181,791 | 31 | % | $ | 186,479 | 39 | % | (3 | )% | ||||||
High-End Consumer | 169,847 | 29 | % | 168,520 | 35 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||
Industrial and Other | 141,243 | 25 | % | 83,886 | 17 | % | 68 | % | ||||||||
Enterprise Computing | 85,945 | 15 | % | 41,716 | 9 | % | 106 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 578,826 | 100 | % | $ | 480,601 | 100 | % | 20 | % | ||||||
Net Sales. Net sales for fiscal year 2013 were $578.8 million, an increase of 20% from $480.6 million for fiscal year 2012. Fiscal year 2013 revenues increased driven by strengthening demand in the enterprise computing and industrial end-markets and by the impact of approximately $129.6 million of Gennum sales in the current fiscal year, partially offset by a slight decrease in demand from the High-End Consumer and Communications end-markets. Fiscal year 2012 was also impacted by softening global economic conditions that resulted in a reduction in orders of our component products during the fiscal year.
Higher revenue in the Enterprise Computing end-market is driven primarily by demand for Gennum's optical communications products. Within the Communications end-market, lower revenue was attributed to softer demand for 40Gbps Communications products, partially offset by increasing demand for 100Gbps Communication products. High-End Consumer revenues were relatively flat due to softer demand in Protection products due to reduced demand from a North American Tier 1 smartphone customer offset by increasing demand for Gennum's Thunderbolt solutions. Higher revenue in the industrial category was attributed to video broadcast applications from Gennum and continued strength in the medical business of our Wireless and Sensing Group.
Gross Profit. Gross profit was $314.6 million and $285.6 million for fiscal years 2013 and 2012, respectively. Our gross margin was 54.4% for fiscal year 2013, down from 59.4% in fiscal year 2012. Gross profit margins for fiscal year 2013 were negatively impacted by the amortization of $39.4 million of the fair value adjustment related to acquired inventory recorded to cost of sales from the Gennum acquisition which offset a favorable end-market product mix driven primarily by the impact of approximately $129.6 million of Gennum sales in fiscal year 2013.
Operating Costs and Expenses.
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||||||
Cost/Exp. | % net sales | Cost/Exp. | % net sales | Change | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 149,070 | 26 | % | $ | 100,629 | 21 | % | 48 | % | ||||||
Product development and engineering | 120,009 | 21 | % | 80,577 | 17 | % | 49 | % | ||||||||
Intangible amortization | 29,244 | 5 | % | 8,383 | 2 | % | 249 | % | ||||||||
Intangible asset impairments | 700 | — | % | 2,470 | 1 | % | (72 | )% | ||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | $ | 298,323 | 52 | % | $ | 189,589 | 40 | % | 56 | % | ||||||
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for fiscal year 2013 increased by $48.4 million or 48% driven primarily by $11.4 million of transaction and integration expenses related to the acquisitions of Gennum and Cycleo in March 2012 and the impact of incremental Gennum SG&A expenses.
SG&A expenses for fiscal years 2013 include approximately $2.5 million of environmental reserves and $13.4 million of severance costs associated with the integration of the acquired Gennum business with the Company’s pre-existing business (refer to Notes 15 and 17 to our audited consolidated financial statements for details). Fiscal year 2012 includes $2.0 million
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for expenses attributed to a reorganization plan initiated during the third quarter of fiscal year 2012 which resulted in consolidation of research and development activities and reduction in workforce.
SG&A stock-based compensation expense was $15.0 million and $15.8 million in fiscal years 2013 and 2012, respectively. The year over year decrease in equity compensation was principally driven by staffing reductions associated with our reorganization actions in fiscal year 2012 partially offset by the increase in stock price in fiscal year 2013.
Product Development and Engineering Expenses
Product development and engineering expenses for fiscal years 2013 and 2012 were $120.0 million and $80.6 million, respectively or an increase of 49%. The increase in fiscal year 2013 is principally driven by the inclusion of Gennum expenses of $40.9 million.
Intangible Amortization and Impairments
Intangible amortization, which reflects amortization costs associated with acquired intangibles, increased by $20.9 million in fiscal year 2013 compared to fiscal year 2012. The increase reflects the impact of $19.7 million intangible amortization related to the acquisition of Gennum.
Intangible asset impairments decreased by $1.8 million in fiscal year 2013 compared to fiscal year 2012. This decrease reflects an impairment charge of $0.7 million attributed to assets associated with the SMI acquisition offset by the write-off of a previous impairment charge from fiscal year 2012 of $2.5 million, attributed to assets acquired from Leadis Technology Inc.
The purchase price allocation for the Gennum acquisition included $29.1 million of acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) projects. Each project was analyzed to determine the unique technological innovations, the existence and reliance on core technology, the existence of any alternative future use or current technological feasibility, and the complexity, cost and time to complete the remaining development.
The fair value of the IPR&D projects was determined using an income approach or replacement cost approach as applicable. The replacement cost approach was used for IPR&D projects that were considered long-term core investments and were not anticipated to be profitable for a period of time. IPR&D projects which were valued using an income approach, measured the returns attributable to each specific IPR&D project, discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted rate of return, including as appropriate, any tax benefits derived from amortizing the intangible asset for tax purposes. Significant factors considered in the calculation of the rate of return are the weighted average cost of capital and return on assets, as well as the risks inherent in the development process, including the likelihood of achieving technological success and market acceptance. For IPR&D projects valued using a replacement cost approach, value was estimated by developing the cost to either replace or reproduce (replicate) the IPR&D to its current state.
The top three IPR&D projects that comprise $21.0 million of the total $29.1 million IPR&D balance are for enterprise computing, communications and high-end consumer products. The following table summarizes the significant assumptions underlying the valuation for such three IPR&D projects at the acquisition date:
Development Projects | Estimated Percent Complete | Estimated Time to Complete (in years) | Estimated Cost to Complete (in millions) | Risk Adjusted Discount Rate | Valuation Approach | IPR&D (In millions) | ||||||
Video Platform | 10%-14% | 1.7 to 1.9 | $3.4 - $10.4 | 12% | Income | $4.0 | ||||||
Backplane | 36%-40% | 0.2 to 0.4 | $18.4 - $20.2 | NA | Replacement Cost | $12.0 | ||||||
Consumer | 44%-48% | 0.2 | $5.2 - $6.0 | NA | Replacement Cost | $5.0 | ||||||
Costs, timing, and successful completion are subject to additional risk factors such as (i) increase in the projected technological risk of completion, (ii) decrease in the projected market size for the developed product, and (iii) subsequent decisions to postpone or delay the development of the IPR&D project. Actual results to date have been consistent, in all material respects, with our assumptions at the time of the acquisition.
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $14.4 million in fiscal year 2013. There was no interest expense in fiscal year 2012. The increase was due to interest expense and the amortization of the original issue discount and debt issuance costs related to the credit facilities used to finance the acquisition of Gennum.
Interest Income and Other Expense, Net. Interest income and other expense, net was expense of $977,000 for fiscal year 2013 compared to interest income of $593,000 in fiscal year 2012. In fiscal year 2013, we recorded other expense of $700,000 for Swiss Stamp duties. Interest income in fiscal year 2013 was substantially lower as a result of our liquidation of investments to pay for the acquisition of Gennum.
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Provision for Taxes. The benefit for income taxes was $41.7 million for fiscal year 2013 compared to a provision of $5.1 million for fiscal year 2012. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2013 reflects the impact of the one-time $23.4 million benefit related to our change in assertion regarding $70.0 million of foreign subsidiary earnings. Because income before taxes was near break-even for fiscal year 2013, comparison of year-over-year effective tax rates is meaningless.
In fiscal year 2010, we concluded that $120.0 million of foreign subsidiary earnings were no longer considered to be permanently reinvested offshore. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2013, in connection with the acquisition of Gennum, we reviewed our assertion regarding the amount of foreign subsidiary earnings that were considered to be permanently reinvested offshore and concluded that due to post-acquisition foreign operating cash needs, all of our foreign subsidiary earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested offshore. This change in assertion resulted in the recognition of a one-time tax benefit of $23.4 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2013.
In fiscal year 2013, our tax provision was adversely affected by a net increase to our valuation allowance of $2.7 million. This net increase was primarily the result of concerns related to our ability to utilize our California net operating losses due to a projected lower California apportionment in future years.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our capital requirements depend on a variety of factors, including but not limited to, the rate of increase or decrease in our existing business base; the success, timing and amount of investment required to bring new products to market; revenue growth or decline; and potential acquisitions. We believe that we have the financial resources necessary to meet business requirements for the next 12 months, including funds needed for working capital requirements.
As of January 26, 2014, our total shareholders’ equity was $535.8 million. At that date we also had approximately $243.2 million in cash and temporary investments, $3.7 million in long-term investments, and $291.8 million of borrowings, net of debt discount.
Our primary sources and uses of cash during the comparative fiscal years are presented below:
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||||
(in millions) | January 26, 2014 | January 27, 2013 | January 29, 2012 | ||||||||
Sources of Cash | |||||||||||
Operating activities | $ | 118.0 | $ | 102.0 | $ | 99.8 | |||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options including tax benefits | 10.1 | 12.9 | 45.0 | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of investments | 10.2 | 112.5 | 131.7 | ||||||||
Issuance of debt, net of discount and debt issuance cost | 324.4 | 338.0 | — | ||||||||
$ | 462.7 | $ | 565.4 | $ | 276.5 | ||||||
Uses of Cash | |||||||||||
Capital expenditures, net of sale proceeds | $ | (37.1 | ) | $ | (23.3 | ) | $ | (21.5 | ) | ||
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — | (491.7 | ) | — | |||||||
Purchase of intangible assets | (3.5 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (3.0 | ) | |||||
Purchases of investments | (1.1 | ) | (24.7 | ) | (93.3 | ) | |||||
Purchase of cost method investments | (2.5 | ) | (2.5 | ) | — | ||||||
Payment of long-term debt | (368.5 | ) | (16.9 | ) | — | ||||||
Payment for interest rate cap | — | (1.1 | ) | — | |||||||
Repurchase of common stock | (30.0 | ) | (7.8 | ) | (50.7 | ) | |||||
$ | (442.7 | ) | $ | (569.3 | ) | $ | (168.5 | ) | |||
Effect of exchange rate increase on cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 0.1 | $ | — | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 20.0 | $ | (3.8 | ) | $ | 108.0 | ||||
We incur significant expenditures in order to fund the development, design, and manufacture of new products. We intend to continue to focus on those areas that have shown potential for viable and profitable market opportunities, which may require additional investment in equipment and the hiring of additional design and application engineers aimed at developing new products. Certain of these expenditures, particularly the addition of design engineers, do not generate significant payback in the short-term. We plan to finance these expenditures with cash generated by our operations and our existing cash balances.
A meaningful portion of our capital resources, and the liquidity they represent, are held by our foreign subsidiaries. As of January 26, 2014, our foreign subsidiaries held approximately $219.3 million of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments compared to $180.2 million at January 27, 2013. Of the $219.3 million held by our foreign subsidiaries, approximately $187.0 million could be returned to the US tax free to settle an intercompany loan. An additional $9.3 million of earnings previously taxed in the US could be repatriated subject only to a 5% withholding tax, as we do not assert permanent reinvestment of earnings previously taxed in the US. The year over year increase in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments was attributable to the cash from operations generated by our international operations including a full year of Gennum.
One of our primary goals is to improve the cash flows from our existing business activities. Our cash, cash equivalents and investments give us the flexibility to use our free cash flow to return value to shareholders (in the form of stock repurchases) and also pursue business improvement opportunities.
Additionally, we will continue to seek to maintain and improve our existing business performance with capital expenditures and, potentially, acquisitions that meet our rate of return requirements. Acquisitions might be made for either cash or stock consideration, or a combination of both.
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Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities is primarily due to net income adjusted for non-cash items plus fluctuations in operating assets and liabilities.
Operating cash flows for fiscal year 2014 were impacted by several significant non-cash transaction related items including a Goodwill impairment charge of $116.7 million, the write-off of $7.1 million of unamortized deferred financing costs and original issue discount associated with a debt modification, depreciation, amortization, and impairment expense of $94.1 million, the lower of cost or market write down of inventory of $15.0 million and stock-based compensation expense of $24.6 million.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities is primarily attributable to capital expenditures, purchases of investments, offset by proceeds from the sales/maturities of investments. Our marketable securities investment portfolio is invested primarily in highly rated securities, generally with a minimum rating of A/A2 or equivalent.
Capital expenditures were $37.2 million for fiscal year 2014 compared to $23.3 million for fiscal year 2013. The increase in capital expenditures was primarily to maintain and expand our test capacity, support engineering and manufacturing functions, and to develop our new Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) software platform. Over the next year, we expect our capital spending to be approximately 5% of revenue.
Financing Activities
Cash used by financing activities is primarily attributable to cash payments for long-term debt and our stock repurchase program offset by proceeds from debt issuance and the exercise of stock options.
We incurred debt of $347.0 million (net of original issue discount of $3.0 million) in term loans (the “Prior Credit Agreement”) in fiscal year 2013 to complete the Gennum acquisition. In accordance with the term loans, we also entered into an interest rate cap agreement protecting at least 50% of the variable interest rate exposure on the term loans and made an upfront payment of $1.1 million in June 2012.
On May 2, 2013, we entered into a new credit agreement with certain lenders (the “Lenders”) and HSBC Bank USA, National Association, as administrative agent and as swing line lender and letter of credit issuer, which replaced the Prior Credit Agreement. In accordance with this agreement, the Lenders provided Semtech with senior secured first lien credit facilities in an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million, consisting of term loans in aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million and revolving commitments in an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million (the “New Credit Agreement”). We incurred loan fees of $2.2 million during the second quarter of fiscal year 2014, of which $1.0 million was expensed, and $1.2 million was capitalized and is being amortized using the effective interest method over the five year term of the agreement. Payments of long term debt in fiscal years 2014 and 2013 were $368.5 million and $16.9 million, respectively. Payments made in fiscal year 2014 include a payoff of the Prior Credit Agreement and a $26.0 million prepayment on the New Credit Agreements.
Our stock repurchase program represents one of our principal efforts to return value to our shareholders. In fiscal year 2014 and fiscal year 2013, we repurchased 1.0 million shares for $30.0 million and 0.3 million shares for $7.5 million, respectively. All stock repurchasing activity has been conducted under authorization from the Board of Directors. The original authorization was approved by the Board of Directors in November 2011, under which the Company was authorized to repurchase up to $50.0 million of shares of our common stock from time to time through negotiated or open market transactions (the "2011 Program") for a total authorized program of $100.0 million. As of January 26, 2014, we had repurchased $37.5 million of common stock under this program. On August 21, 2013, we announced an additional $50.0 million expansion of the 2011 Program.
In addition to the stock repurchase program, shares valued at $0.3 million were withheld in connection with the vesting of restricted stock to cover statutory tax withholding obligations in the fiscal year 2013. No shares were withheld in fiscal year 2014.
Cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options were $5.9 million and $12.9 million in fiscal years 2014 and 2013, respectively.
We do not directly control the timing of the exercise of stock options. Such exercises are independent decisions made by grantees and are influenced most directly by the stock price and the expiration dates of stock awards. Such proceeds are difficult to forecast, resulting from several factors which are outside our control. We believe that such proceeds will remain an important secondary source of cash after cash flow from operating activities.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as those arrangements are defined by the SEC, that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
We do not have any unconsolidated subsidiaries or affiliated entities. We have no special purpose or limited purpose entities that provide off-balance sheet financing, liquidity or market or credit risk support. We do not engage in leasing, hedging, research and development services, or other relationships that expose us to liability that is not reflected on the face of the financial statements.
Noted below under “Contractual Obligations” are various commitments we have associated with our business, such as lease commitments and open purchase obligations, which are not recorded as liabilities on our balance sheet because we have not yet received the related goods or services as of January 26, 2014.
Contractual Obligations
Presented below is a summary of our contractual obligations as of January 26, 2014.
(in thousands) | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 4-5 years | After 5 years | Total | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | $ | 18,750 | $ | 37,500 | $ | 236,375 | $ | — | $ | 292,625 | |||||||||
Operating leases | 7,898 | 11,419 | 8,037 | 8,780 | 36,134 | ||||||||||||||
Open capital purchase commitments | 4,108 | — | — | — | 4,108 | ||||||||||||||
Other open purchase commitments | 36,661 | 6,876 | — | — | 43,537 | ||||||||||||||
Other vendor commitments | 3,798 | 1,000 | — | — | 4,798 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred compensation | 1,478 | 727 | 923 | 13,915 | 17,043 | ||||||||||||||
Cycleo-deferred compensation | — | 929 | — | — | 929 | ||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 855 | 4,369 | — | — | 5,224 | ||||||||||||||
Total contractual cash obligations | $ | 73,548 | $ | 62,820 | $ | 245,335 | $ | 22,695 | $ | 404,398 | |||||||||
Capital purchase commitments and other open purchase commitments are for the purchase of plant, equipment, raw material, supplies and services. They are not recorded as liabilities on our balance sheet as of January 26, 2014, as we have not yet received the related goods or taken title to the property. Other vendor commitments include $2.5 million of purchase commitments which are recorded as liabilities on our balance sheet as of January 26, 2014 since we have impaired the related asset or service.
We maintain a deferred compensation plan for certain officers and key executives that allow participants to defer a portion of their compensation for future distribution at various times permitted by the plan. Our liability for deferred compensation under this plan was $17.0 million and $13.9 million as of January 26, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively, and is included in accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the balance sheet and in the table above. The plan provides for a discretionary Company match up to a defined portion of the employee’s deferral, with any match subject to a vesting period.
During fiscal year 2014, we recorded a $1.8 million reduction to the Cycleo earn-out liability as the year 1 performance milestone was not achieved and we do not expect the year 2 performance milestone to be achieved. For the earn-outs related to performance milestones for years 3 and 4, we have reduced the earn-out liability to reflect a minimum level payout. See Note 15 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
We have purchased whole life insurance on the lives of some of our current and former deferred compensation plan participants. This Company-owned life insurance is held in a grantor trust and is intended to cover a majority of the costs of our deferred compensation plan. The cash surrender value of our Company-owned life insurance was $14.4 million and $10.0 million as of January 26, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively.
We have accrued $12.3 million for uncertain tax positions. Depending on the results of an IRS examination that may close in fiscal year 2015, it is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by $3.8 million within twelve months.
Inflation
Inflationary factors have not had a significant effect on our performance over the past several years. A significant increase in inflation would affect our future performance.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of our financial statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates about future events, and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time our consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.
Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements, included in Item 8, of this report on Form 10-K. We believe that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We have reviewed these critical accounting estimates and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We evaluate the collectability of our accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. If we are aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to us, we record an allowance to reduce the net receivable to the amount we reasonably believe we will be able to collect from the customer. For all other customers, we recognize allowances for doubtful accounts based on the length of time the receivables are past due, the current business environment, the size and number of certain large accounts and our historical experience. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate or if economic conditions worsen, additional allowances may be required in the future.
Revenue and Cost of Sales
We recognize product revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. Product design and engineering recoveries is recognized during the period in which services are performed. We include revenue related to granted technology licenses as part of “Net sales.” Historically, revenue from these arrangements has not been significant though it is part of our recurring ordinary business.
We record a provision for estimated sales returns in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. We base these estimates on historical sales returns and other known factors. Actual returns could be different from our estimates and current provisions for sales returns and allowances, resulting in future charges to earnings.
We defer revenue recognition on shipment of products to certain customers, principally distributors, under agreements which provide for limited pricing credits or product return privileges, until these products are sold through to end-users or the return privileges lapse. For sales subject to certain pricing credits or return privileges, the amount of future pricing credits or inventory returns cannot be reasonably estimated given the relatively long period in which a particular product may be held by the customer. Therefore, we have concluded that sales to customers under these agreements are not fixed and determinable at the date of the sale and revenue recognition has been deferred. We estimate the deferred gross margin on these sales by applying an average gross profit margin to the actual gross sales. The average gross profit margin is calculated for each category of material using current standard costs. The estimated deferred gross margin on these sales, where there are no outstanding receivables, is recorded on the balance sheet under the heading of “Deferred revenue.” There were no significant impairments of deferred cost of sales in fiscal year 2014 or fiscal year 2013.
The following table summarizes the deferred net revenue balance:
(in thousands) | January 26, 2014 | January 27, 2013 | |||||
Deferred revenues | $ | 7,179 | $ | 4,467 | |||
Deferred cost of revenues | 1,698 | 1,099 | |||||
Deferred revenue, net | 5,481 | 3,368 | |||||
Deferred product design and engineering recoveries | 1,786 | 377 | |||||
Total deferred revenue | $ | 7,267 | $ | 3,745 | |||
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Inventory Valuation
Our inventories are stated at lower of cost or market and consist of materials, labor and overhead. We determine the cost of inventory by the first-in, first-out method. At each balance sheet date, we evaluate our ending inventories for excess quantities and obsolescence. This evaluation includes analyses of sales levels by product and projections of future demand. In order to state our inventory at lower of cost or market, we maintain specific reserves against our inventory which serve to write-down our inventories to a new cost basis. If future demand or market conditions are less favorable than our projections, a write-down of inventory may be required, and would be reflected in cost of goods sold in the period the revision is made.
Business Combinations
Business combinations are accounted for at fair value. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expenses; in-process research and development is recorded at fair value as an indefinite-lived intangible asset at the acquisition date; restructuring costs associated with a business combination are expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; contingent consideration obligations are recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition, with increases or decreases in the fair value arising from changes in assumptions or discount periods recorded as contingent consideration expenses in the consolidated statements of operations in subsequent periods; and changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally affect income tax expense. All changes that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments are included in current period earnings. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including contingent consideration, are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including valuations that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques. Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of intangible assets acquired in a business combination and in assigning their respective useful lives. The fair value estimates are based on available historical information and on future expectations and assumptions deemed reasonable by management at the time.
If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments we utilized, the amounts recorded in the financial statements could result in a possible impairment of the intangible assets and goodwill, or require acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets.
Contingencies and Litigation
We record accruals for contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessments change or additional information becomes available. Individually significant contingent losses are accrued when probable and reasonably estimable.
The legal defense costs we accrue are based on reviews by outside counsel, in-house counsel and management and some of the significant factors considered in the review of these reserves are as follows: the actual costs incurred by us; the development of our legal defense strategy and structure in light of the scope of the litigation; the number of cases being brought against us; the costs and outcomes of completed trials and the most current information regarding anticipated timing, progression, and related costs of pre-trial activities and trials in the associated litigation.
In those situations where we are unable to determine the best estimate within the range of loss, we will record the minimum amount in the identified range of probable loss.
Stock-Based Compensation
We measure compensation cost for all share-based payments (including stock options) at fair value using a valuation model, which considers, among other things, estimates and assumptions on the rate of forfeiture, expected life of options and stock price volatility. If any of the assumptions used in the valuation model change significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period and actual results may differ from estimates.
Impairment of Goodwill, Other Intangibles and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the purchase method. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment using a two-step method. Step one is the identification of potential impairment. This involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carry amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. We test by reporting unit, goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at November 30 or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist or if we make changes to a reporting unit with assigned goodwill.
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For our annual impairment review, we primarily use an income approach, which incorporates multi-period excess earnings present value techniques (discounted cash flows) as well as other generally accepted valuation methodologies to determine the fair value of the assets using Level 3 inputs. Our assumptions incorporate judgments as to the price received to sell a reporting unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Considering the integration of our operations, we have assumed that the highest and best use of a reporting unit follows an “in-use” valuation premise.
Significant management judgment is required in determining the estimations of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, the long-term rate of growth for our business, the life over which cash flows will occur, and the weighted average cost of capital. Our calculations include sensitivity analysis of key assumptions such as a 10% increase in the weighted-average cost of capital, a 10% increase in the effective tax rate or a 5% decline in our compound annual growth rate. The value of our intangible assets, including goodwill, could be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) any future declines in our operating results, (ii) a decline in the valuation of technology company stocks, including the valuation of our common stock, (iii) a significant slowdown in the worldwide economy and the semiconductor industry or (iv) any failure to meet the performance projections included in our forecasts of future operating results.
The assumptions we have used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage our business and change year to year based on operating results, competitive conditions, customer preferences, market conditions and other factors. It is possible, however, that these assumptions are incorrect. We could incur impairment charges in a future period if our actual results or the assumptions used in future impairment analysis are lower than the original assumptions used to assess the recoverability of these assets.
As of November 30, 2013, our reporting units with assigned goodwill were as follows:
(in thousands) | Balance as of November 30, 2013 | ||
Advanced Communications Products | $ | 116,686 | |
Gennum Products | 261,891 | ||
Wireless and Sensing Products | 15,007 | ||
Total | $ | 393,584 | |
We review indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment as of November 30, the date of our annual goodwill impairment review or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of indefinite-lived intangible assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the future discounted cash flows that asset is expected to generate.
Finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions or technology licenses purchased are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The useful lives of acquisition-related intangible assets represent the point where over 90% of realizable undiscounted cash flows for each intangible asset are recognized. The assigned useful lives are consistent with our historical experience with similar technology and other intangible assets owned by us. The useful life of technology licenses is usually based on the term of the agreement.
Acquired in-process research and development is recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts or impairment. Upon completion of development, acquired in-process research and development assets are transferred to finite-lived intangible assets and amortized over their useful lives.
We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment, such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns in the semiconductor industry, are present. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of an asset is impaired, based on comparisons to undiscounted expected future cash flows. If this comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using: (i) quoted market prices and/or (ii) discounted expected future cash flows utilizing a discount rate. Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014, we completed our quantitative assessment of any potential goodwill impairment and concluded that the fair value of the Gennum Products group exceeded its carrying value by 25% and the fair value of the Wireless and Sensing Products group exceeded its carrying value by over 300%. The fair value of the Advanced Communications Product group was determined to be lower than its carrying value, which failed Step 1. We performed Step 2 of the impairment test to measure the amount of impairment. The calculated loss was allocated pro-rata to the long-lived
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depreciable or amortizable assets of the asset group, based on the relative carrying amounts of those assets. We did not allocate losses for any impairment that would have resulted in the adjusted asset value being lower than its fair value. Based on a comparison of the adjusted carrying value of the long-lived assets and the fair value of the reporting unit, the goodwill associated with the Advanced Communication Product group was determined to be fully impaired.
Before determining the extent to which goodwill was impaired, we evaluated whether impaired assets existed within the Advanced Communications reporting unit. Accordingly, we assessed whether current assets, such as inventories, were impaired and then whether long-lived assets, including property, equipment and intangible assets, were impaired. To perform this test, we determined that the long-lived asset group is the Advanced Communications reporting unit, which provides the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Since the asset group is at the reporting unit level, goodwill before considering the effects of possible impairment is included in the recoverability test. For purposes of testing recoverability for an asset group, we identified core technology as the primary asset within the long-lived asset group and used its remaining useful life of five years over which we estimated undiscounted future cash flows. The result of the recoverability test indicated that undiscounted cash flows were less than the carrying value of the asset group, which required us to determine the fair value of the asset group. We considered the principles behind the highest and best use of the asset group and determined that a market participant would determine the fair value of the individual long-lived assets in the asset group in combination with the other assets and liabilities within the asset group. The asset group’s fair value was determined using an income approach, which serves as the basis for recognizing and measuring the impairment loss. To allocate the impairment loss, we also considered the individual long-lived assets fair values in order to ensure the carrying values of these assets were not reduced below its fair values.
Using the cost approach, we determined fair values of individual tangible long-lived assets based upon the cost to reproduce the long-lived asset taking into account the age, condition, inflation using the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Marshall Valuation Services, and cost to ready the long-lived asset for its intended use. Additionally, we considered the potential existence of functional and economic obsolescence and quantified these elements in our cost approach as appropriate. Based on our analysis, we recognized and allocated to long-lived assets an impairment loss of $6.8 million, which reduced the cost basis in the corresponding assets. Also, we reassessed the estimated remaining useful lives of these assets and adjusted accordingly our estimates of future depreciation expense.
For intangible long-lived assets, which consist of core technology and customer relationships, we used the multi-period excess earnings method, an income approach, or the replacement cost method (a cost approach), to determine fair value. The multi-period excess earnings method, a form of the income approach, estimates the value of the asset based on the present value of the after-tax cash flows attributable to the intangible asset, which includes our estimates of forecasted revenue, operating margins, taxes and discount rate. The replacement cost method incorporates a market participant’s assumption that an in-use premise is the highest and best use of customer relationships and core technology. We estimated the cost we would incur to rebuild or re-establish the intangible asset and the associated effort required to develop it. Based on our analysis, we recognized an impairment loss of $32.2 million, which reduced the cost basis in the corresponding intangible assets. Also, we reassessed the estimated remaining useful lives of these finite-lived intangible assets and adjusted accordingly our estimates of future amortization expense.
Based on a comparison of the fair value of long-lived assets to the carrying amount, we recoded an impairment of $39.0 million which consisted of the following:
• | Core technology intangibles - $23.8 million |
• | Customer relationships - $6.1 million |
• | Property, plant and equipment - $6.8 million |
• | Licensed intangibles - $2.3 million |
Accounting for Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheet.
We must assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance. Generally, to the extent we change a valuation allowance, the change is recorded through the tax provision in the statements of operations. Management periodically evaluates our deferred tax assets to assess whether it is likely that the deferred tax assets will be realized. In determining whether a
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valuation allowance is required, we consider projected taxable income and our historical performance. The most significant assumptions used in preparing projections of taxable income include forecasting the levels of income by region and the amount of deductible stock based compensation. To the extent we experience a cumulative world-wide pre-tax loss for the current year and the two preceding years, we consider this significant negative evidence and evaluate additional facts to determine if there are factors that provide offsetting positive evidence to support continued use of taxable income projections.
We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant management estimates are required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax impact is uncertain. The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period of change. Although we believe the estimates are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final outcome of these matters will not be different than what is reflected in the historical income tax provisions and accruals. Should additional taxes be assessed as a result of an audit or litigation, a material effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made could result.
The income tax effects of share-based payments are recognized for financial reporting purposes only if such awards are expected to result in a tax deduction. We do not recognize a deferred tax asset for an excess tax benefit (that is, a tax benefit that exceeds the amount of compensation cost recognized for the award for financial reporting purposes) that has not been realized. In determining when an excess tax benefit is realized, we have elected to follow the ordering provision of the tax law.
In addition to the risks to the effective tax rate discussed above, the effective tax rate reflected in forward-looking statements is based on current enacted tax law. Significant changes in enacted tax law could materially affect these estimates.
In general, the amount of taxes we pay will differ from our reported tax provision as a result of differences between accounting for income under U.S. GAAP and accounting for taxable income. Typical book-tax differences include expense related to equity compensation, deemed dividends, depreciation, litigation expense and amortization of intangible assets. As a result of these book-tax differences, our tax payments are expected to differ from our tax provision during the next three years.
For intra-entity differences between the tax basis of an asset in the buyer’s tax jurisdiction and their cost as reported in the consolidated financial statements, we do not recognize a deferred tax asset. Income taxes paid on intra-entity profits on assets remaining within the group are accounted for as prepaid taxes.
We continually review our position on undistributed earnings from our foreign subsidiaries to determine whether those earnings are indefinitely reinvested offshore. Domestic and foreign operating cash flow forecasts are reviewed to determine the sources and uses of cash. Based on these forecasts, we determine the need to accrue deferred tax liabilities associated with our undistributed earnings offshore.
New Accounting Standards
In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update requiring companies to present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, as a reduction to deferred tax assets in the financial statements for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. This update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures.
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Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
We are subject to a variety of market risks, including commodity risk and the risks related to foreign currency, interest rates and market performance that are detailed below. Many of the factors that can have an impact on our market risk are external to us, and so we are unable to fully predict them.
Market Conditions
Current global economic conditions pose a risk to the overall economy as consumers and businesses may defer purchases in response to the uncertainty around tighter credit and negative financial news. These conditions have historically resulted in periods where demand for our products is reduced.
In addition to risks associated with global economic conditions, demand for our products could be different from our expectations due to customer acceptance of our products, changes in customer order patterns, including order cancellations, and changes in the level of inventory held by vendors.
Commodity Risk
We are subject to risk from fluctuating market prices of certain commodity raw materials, particularly gold, that are incorporated into our end products or used by our suppliers to process our end products. Increased commodity prices are passed on to us in the form of higher prices from our suppliers, either in the form of general price increases or a commodity surcharge. Although we generally deal with our suppliers on a purchase order basis rather than on a long-term contract basis, we generally attempt to obtain firm pricing for volumes consistent with planned production. Our gross margins may decline if we are not able to increase selling prices of our products or obtain manufacturing efficiencies to offset the increased cost. We do not enter into formal hedging arrangements to mitigate against commodity risk.
Foreign Currency Risk
As a global enterprise, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates and we could experience foreign currency exchange gains or losses. Historically, we have not considered our foreign currency exposure to be material. Therefore, we have not utilized foreign currency hedging products to mitigate foreign currency risks. Our foreign currency exposures may increase over time as the level of activity in foreign markets grows. Changes in rates could have an adverse impact upon our financial results.
A relatively small amount of our monetary assets and liabilities are denominated in foreign currencies, principally the Swiss Franc, Canadian dollar, Mexican Peso, British Pound Sterling and the Euro. Fluctuations in these currencies relative to the United States dollar will result in transaction gains or losses included in net earnings.
All of our foreign sales, which amounted to $502.2 million in fiscal year 2014, are denominated in United States dollars. Currency exchange rate fluctuations in foreign countries where we do business could harm our business by resulting in pricing that is not competitive with prices denominated in local currencies.
For fiscal year 2014, we spent approximately $58.4 million in Canadian dollars, $20.8 million in British Pound Sterling, $18.8 million in Swiss Francs, $6.9 million in Euros, $5.9 million in Japanese Yen, $2.1 million Korean Won, and $8.5 million in Mexican Pesos for operating expenses.
In general, we purchase foreign currencies on a spot basis as needed to fund local operations. As of January 26, 2014, we held cash funds of $2.6 million denominated in Canadian dollars, $0.7 million denominated in British Pound Sterling, $0.6 million denominated in Swiss Francs, $1.2 million denominated in Euros and $0.1 million denominated in Japanese Yen, $3.1 million denominated in Korean Won, and $0.6 million denominated in Mexican Pesos. We did not hold a significant amount of other foreign currencies. If rates of these foreign currencies were to strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar, we would realize gains or losses in converting these funds back into U.S. dollars.
Interest Rate and Market Risk
On June 18, 2012, we entered into an interest rate cap agreement to fulfill the requirements of our Prior Credit Agreement. The purpose of the Cap Agreement is to hedge the Company’s exposure to fluctuations in LIBOR-indexed interest payments. Although the Prior Credit Agreement was terminated on May 2, 2013, the New Credit Agreement, in an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million, permits the Company to elect LIBOR or Base Rate loans. See Note 10 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report. Since the Company intends to make interest payments based on one-month LIBOR-indexed rates and will not elect interest rates based on alternative indices during the term of the Cap Agreement, the Cap Agreement was re-designated as a hedge of one month LIBOR-indexed interest payments associated with the New
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Credit Agreement. The effectiveness of the interest rate cap was assessed and the Cap Agreement continues to be an effective cash flow hedge of interest rate risk for the Company.
We do not engage in the trading of derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business. In the event interest rates were to increase 100 basis points and holding all other variables constant, annual net income and cash flows for the following year would decrease by approximately $1.0 million as a result of the Company’s variable-rate debt, including the effect of the interest rate contract. The effect of the 100 basis points increase would decrease the fair value of our new variable-rate debt by approximately $2.92 million.
Interest rates affect our return on excess cash and investments. As of January 26, 2014, we had $243.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and $3.7 million of temporary and long-term investments. A majority of our cash and cash equivalents and investments generate interest income based on prevailing interest rates. Investments and cash and cash equivalents generated interest income of $0.3 million in fiscal year 2014. A significant change in interest rates would impact the amount of interest income generated from our cash and investments. It would also impact the market value of our investments.
Our investments are subject to market risks, primarily interest rate and credit risk. Our investments are managed by a limited number of outside professional managers following investment guidelines set by us. Such guidelines prescribe credit quality, permissible investments, diversification, and duration restrictions. These restrictions are intended to limit risk by restricting our investments to high quality debt instruments with relatively short-term durations. Our investment strategy limits investment of new funds and maturing securities to U.S. Treasury, Federal agency securities, high quality money market funds and time deposits with our principal commercial banks.
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Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
The information required by Item 8 is presented in the following order:
Consolidated Statements of Operations | |
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MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The report called for by Item 308(a) of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting that is included in Part II, Item 9A of this report.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The report called for by Item 308(b) of Regulation S-K is incorporated herein by reference to the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting that is included in Part II, Item 9A of this report.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Semtech Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Semtech Corporation and subsidiaries as of January 26, 2014 and January 27, 2013, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 26, 2014. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Semtech Corporation and subsidiaries at January 26, 2014 and January 27, 2013, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 26, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Semtech Corporation and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of January 26, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) and our report dated March 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Los Angeles, California
March 27, 2014
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SEMTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except earnings per share)
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||||
January 26, 2014 | January 27, 2013 | January 29, 2012 | |||||||||
Net sales | $ | 594,977 | $ | 578,827 | $ | 480,601 | |||||
Cost of sales | 244,719 | 264,215 | 194,956 | ||||||||
Cost of sales - lower of cost or market write-down | 15,047 | — | — | ||||||||
Gross profit | 335,211 | 314,612 | 285,645 | ||||||||
Operating costs and expenses: | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 125,379 | 149,070 | 100,629 | ||||||||
Product development and engineering | 137,437 | 120,009 | 80,577 | ||||||||
Intangible amortization | 29,002 | 29,244 | 8,383 | ||||||||
Intangible asset impairments | 32,538 | 700 | 2,470 | ||||||||
Goodwill impairment | 116,686 | — | — | ||||||||
Restructuring | 3,086 | — | — | ||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses | 444,128 | 299,023 | 192,059 | ||||||||
Operating (loss) income | (108,917 | ) | 15,589 | 93,586 | |||||||
Interest expense | (18,174 | ) | (14,363 | ) | — | ||||||
Interest income and other (expense) income, net | (1,390 | ) | (977 | ) | 593 | ||||||
(Loss) income before taxes | (128,481 | ) | 249 | 94,179 | |||||||
Provision (benefit) for taxes | 35,985 | (41,690 | ) | 5,092 | |||||||
Net (loss) income | $ | (164,466 | ) | $ | 41,939 | $ | 89,087 | ||||
Earnings per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | $ | (2.44 | ) | $ | 0.64 | $ | 1.37 | ||||
Diluted | $ | (2.44 | ) | $ | 0.62 | $ | 1.32 | ||||
Weighted average number of shares used in computing earnings per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | 67,471 | 65,809 | 65,099 | ||||||||
Diluted | 67,471 | 67,472 | 67,350 | ||||||||
See accompanying notes. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
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SEMTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(in thousands)
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||||
January 26, 2014 | |||||||||||