UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 

ý

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2006.

 

 

 

OR

 

 

 

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM           TO

 

Commission File Number 0-29889

 


 

Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

94-3248524

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

 

 

1180 Veterans Blvd.

 

 

South San Francisco, CA

 

94080

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

 

 

(650) 624-1100

 

 

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ý  No  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) (Check one):

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer ý

 

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  o  No  ý

 

As of July 28, 2006, there were 24,938,377 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

 

 



 

RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2006

 

INDEX

 

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

3

Item 1.

Financial Statements (unaudited)

3

 

Balance Sheets - June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005

3

 

Condensed Statements of Operations – three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005

4

 

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows - six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005

5

 

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

6

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

13

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

14

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

20

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

20

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

21

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

21

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

28

Item 6.

Exhibits

28

 

 

 

Signatures

 

29

 

2



 

PART I  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1.  Financial Statements

 

RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

 

 

June 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005(1)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

62,228

 

$

76,779

 

Available-for-sale securities

 

60,012

 

61,417

 

Accounts receivable

 

1,050

 

1,050

 

Other receivables

 

850

 

777

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

2,186

 

2,573

 

Total current assets

 

126,326

 

142,596

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

3,378

 

3,457

 

Other assets

 

1,520

 

1,615

 

 

 

$

131,224

 

$

147,668

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

1,544

 

$

2,497

 

Accrued compensation

 

1,145

 

2,189

 

Other accrued liabilities

 

1,631

 

2,324

 

Deferred revenue

 

7,221

 

15,567

 

Capital lease obligations

 

1,257

 

1,070

 

Total current liabilities

 

12,798

 

23,647

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term portion of capital lease obligations

 

1,539

 

1,132

 

Long-term portion of deferred revenue

 

 

2,771

 

Long-term portion of deferred rent

 

11,208

 

11,121

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

386

 

409

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 24,928,469 and 24,814,671 shares issued and outstanding on June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively

 

25

 

25

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

373,710

 

366,203

 

Deferred stock compensation

 

 

(26

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(121

)

(92

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(268,321

)

(257,522

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

105,293

 

108,588

 

 

 

$

131,224

 

$

147,668

 

 


Note (1)

The balance sheet at December 31, 2005 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date included in Rigel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

See accompanying notes.

 

3



 

RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June 30,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

Contract revenues from collaborations

 

$

14,321

 

$

4,606

 

$

24,218

 

$

7,224

 

Costs and expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

13,205

 

13,807

 

27,916

 

24,980

 

General and administrative

 

4,725

 

3,429

 

9,728

 

6,303

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,930

 

17,236

 

37,644

 

31,283

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from operations

 

(3,609

)

(12,630

)

(13,426

)

(24,059

)

Interest income

 

1,426

 

402

 

2,840

 

732

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

(147

)

(65

)

(213

)

(130

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

(2,330

)

(12,293

)

(10,799

)

(23,457

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss per common share, basic and diluted

 

$

(0.09

)

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.43

)

$

(1.18

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per common share, basic and diluted

 

24,842

 

19,887

 

24,829

 

19,801

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

4



 

RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(10,799

)

$

(23,457

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

664

 

587

 

Amortization of deferred stock compensation, net

 

 

11

 

Non-cash stock compensation expense (recovery)

 

6,688

 

(657

)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

(1,181

)

Other receivables

 

(73

)

111

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

387

 

(187

)

Other assets

 

95

 

81

 

Accounts payable

 

(953

)

1,240

 

Accrued compensation

 

(1,044

)

(697

)

Other accrued liabilities

 

(307

)

513

 

Deferred revenue

 

(11,117

)

7,132

 

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

 

(322

)

(402

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(16,781

)

(16,906

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

 

(27,792

)

(31,887

)

Maturities of available-for-sale securities

 

29,168

 

43,160

 

Capital expenditures

 

(585

)

(554

)

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

791

 

10,719

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from capital lease financing

 

1,257

 

1,191

 

Payments on capital lease obligations

 

(663

)

(1,025

)

Net proceeds from issuances of common stock

 

845

 

5,850

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

1,439

 

6,016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

 

(14,551

)

(171

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

76,779

 

10,495

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

62,228

 

$

10,324

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

5



 

Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(unaudited)

 

In this Quarterly Report, “Rigel,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

 

1. Nature of Operations

 

We were incorporated in the state of Delaware on June 14, 1996. We are engaged in the discovery and development of novel, small-molecule drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, cancer and viral diseases.

 

2. Basis of Presentation

 

Our accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of
Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In our opinion, these unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which we consider necessary to fairly state our financial position and the results of our operations and cash flows. Interim-period results are not necessarily indicative of results of operations or cash flows for a full-year period. The balance sheet at December 31, 2005 has been derived from audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes accompanying them should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

Comprehensive net loss did not differ materially from the net loss as reported.

 

3. Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

 

Basic net loss per share was computed based on the number of weighted average shares outstanding. The calculation of diluted net loss per share excluded shares of potential common stock, consisting of stock options and warrants, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

 

4. Stock Award Plans

 

We have two stock option plans, the 2000 Equity Incentive Plan and 2000 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan, that provide for granting to officers, directors, all other employees and other non-employees options to purchase shares of our common stock. Under the plans, we may issue non-qualified options or incentive stock options. We also have an employee stock purchase plan, or ESPP, where eligible employees can purchase shares of our common stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first and last day of each six-month purchase period. The benefits provided under these plans are share-based payments subject to the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment (Revised 2004)”, or SFAS 123(R).

 

Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective application transition method. Under this method, the share-based compensation cost recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes compensation cost for (i) all share-based payments granted prior to, but not vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value originally estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”, or SFAS 123, and calculated for pro forma disclosures under SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure”, or SFAS 148, and (ii) all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R). Compensation cost under SFAS 123(R) for awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 is recognized using an accelerated method pursuant to the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans”, or FIN 28. For awards granted after January 1, 2006, we have adopted the use of the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period for the entire award. Results of prior periods do not reflect any restated amounts, and we had no cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) under the modified prospective method.

 

6



 

Impact of the Adoption of FAS 123(R)

 

Total stock-based compensation expense, related to all of the Company’s share-based awards, recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 was comprised as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30,

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

Research and development

 

$

1,543

 

$

566

 

$

3,464

 

$

(461

)

General and administrative

 

1,584

 

256

 

3,224

 

(185

)

Stock-based compensation expense/(recovery)

 

$

3,127

 

$

822

 

$

6,688

 

$

(646

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expense/(recovery) per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted

 

$

0.13

 

$

0.04

 

$

0.27

 

$

(0.03

)

 

We recorded approximately $3.1 million in stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2006, consisting of approximately $3.2 million in stock-based awards granted to officers, directors and all other employees from our stock option plans and ESPP, offset by a recovery of approximately $93,000 in options originally granted to consultants, which is discussed below. We recorded approximately $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2006, consisting of approximately $6.5 million in stock-based awards granted to officers, directors and all other employees from our stock option plans and ESPP and approximately $184,000 in options granted to consultants. Pursuant to SFAS 123(R), we are required to estimate the amount of expected forfeitures when calculating the compensation costs, instead of accounting for forfeitures as incurred, which was our previous method. Our annual weighted average forfeiture rate was 7.6% as of June 30, 2006 as compared to 4.7% as of March 31, 2006. The increase in the forfeiture rate was due to the forfeiture of an executive officer’s unvested options resulting from his departure from the company. We will record actual forfeitures as they occur, and we will review our forfeiture rates each quarter and make changes to our estimate.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded a recovery of approximately $93,000, and for the six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded an expense of approximately $184,000, associated with options granted to consultants, reflecting the fair value and periodic fair value remeasurement of outstanding consultant options under Emerging Issues Task Force No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services”, or EITF 96-18.  The valuation is based upon the current market value of our common stock and other assumptions, including the expected future volatility of our stock price, risk-free interest rate and expected term. For consultant options granted in 2006, we amortized stock-based compensation using a straight-line attribution method consistent with the method used for employees and with the attribution election we made upon adoption of FAS 123(R). For options granted prior to January 1, 2006, we used the accelerated method for expensing stock-based compensation, which was the method we used prior to adoption. We recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $92,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005 and a recovery of approximately $115,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005 relating to consultant options. We expect to see continued fluctuations in the future as a portion of these options are remeasured based on the changes in the current market price of our common stock.

 

In 2005, we recorded charges associated with the stock options that were eligible for re-pricing under a tender offer initiated in June 2003. All replacement options, as well as the eligible options that were not surrendered under the original offer to exchange, were treated for financial reporting purposes as variable awards. Therefore, for the period prior to adoption of FAS 123(R), we recorded a non-cash charge, generally for the intrinsic value of the options as they vested under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, utilizing the accelerated vesting method, reflecting increases and decreases (down to, but not below, the exercise price) in the price of our common stock as compensation expense (recovery) in connection with the replacement options and the eligible options that were not exchanged. For the three months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $715,000 related to all employee options eligible for replacement options. The expense resulted from the increase in the market price of our common stock during the period. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded stock-based compensation recovery of approximately $551,000 related to all employee options eligible for replacement options. The recovery resulted from the decrease in the market price of our common stock during the period. For periods after the adoption of FAS 123(R), we account for the vested portion of the options repriced prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) in accordance with provisions of SFAS 123. In May 2006, our board of directors approved a plan to grant new options in August 2006 to employees who hold repriced options that expire in the same period. We will record stock-based compensation expense relating to the new options in the third quarter of 2006.

 

7



 

Under FAS 123(R), the fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. We have segregated option awards into three homogenous groups (i.e., Officers and Directors, All Other Employees and Non-employees or Consultants) for purposes of determining fair values of options.

 

We determined weighted-average valuation assumptions separately for the groups as follows:

 

                  Volatility - We estimated volatility using the historical share price performance over the expected life of the option up to the point where we have historical market data. As our publicly listed options are not actively traded, implied volatility was not representative of our current volatility. We also considered other factors such as our current clinical trials and other company activities that may affect volatility of our stock in the future but determined that at this time, the historical volatility was more indicative of our expected future stock performance.

 

                  Expected term - We worked with various data points to determine the most applicable expected term for each option group. The data points included: (1) expected term of the options from option date to exercise date; (2) cancellation term of options from grant date to cancellation date and excluding unvested option forfeitures from the determination; and (3) term of options that remain outstanding from grant date to the end of the reporting period. The analysis of the above data points gave us a range of expected terms to consider; however, we also considered the vesting schedules of the options granted and factors surrounding exercise behavior of our groups, our current market price and company activity that may affect our market price. In addition, we also considered the vesting schedules of the options, the optionee type (i.e., officers and directors and all other employees) and other factors that may affect the expected term of the option. For non-employee options, we use the contractual term of the option, which is generally ten years, for the initial valuation of the option and the remaining contractual term of the option for the succeeding years.

 

                  Risk-free interest rate - The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury of constant maturity rates with similar terms to the expected term of the options for each option group.

 

                  Forfeiture rate - We estimated the forfeiture rate using our historical experience with pre-vesting options. Our annual weighted-average forfeiture rate was approximately 7.6% as of June 30, 2006 as compared to 4.7% as of March 31, 2006. The increase in the forfeiture rate was due to the forfeiture of an executive officer’s unvested options resulting from his departure from the company. We review our forfeiture rates each quarter and make changes as factors affecting our forfeiture rate calculations and assumptions change.

 

                  Dividend yield - The expected dividend yield is 0% as we have not and do not expect to pay dividends.

 

The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions relating to our employee options for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 as permitted under FAS 123(R) for 2006 and FAS 123 for 2005:

 

 

 

Stock Option Plans

 

Stock Option Plans

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30,

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

5.0

%

3.7

%

4.6

%

4.1

%

Expected life (in years)

 

4.9

 

3.1

 

4.6

 

2.4

 

Dividend yield

 

0.0

%

0.0

%

0.0

%

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

94.0

%

75.0

%

98.2

%

75.0

%

 

Option prices are not less than the market price of our common stock on the date of grant, become exercisable at varying dates and generally expire ten years from the date of grant. At June 30, 2006, options to purchase 1,543,293 shares of common stock were available for grant under our stock option plans.

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

The fair value of each option element of our employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model that uses weighted-average assumptions in the table below. Our ESPP provides for a twenty-four month offering period comprised of four six-month purchase periods with a look-back option. A look-back option is a provision in an ESPP that establishes the purchase price as an amount based on the lesser of the stock’s market price at the grant date or its market price at the exercise or purchase date. The plan also includes a reset feature whereby participants reset to a new offering when the market price of the stock falls below the market price on the first day of a twenty-four month offering period. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of our stock. Expected term represents the purchase periods within our offering period. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury of constant maturity rates. Stock-based compensation expense relating to our employee stock purchase plan is recognized according to the FASB Technical Bulletin No. 97-1, “Accounting under Statement 123 for Certain Employee Stock Purchase Plans with a Look-back Option”, or FTB 97-1. As of June 30, 2006, there were approximately 56,000 shares in reserve for future issuance under the plan. The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions relating to our employee stock purchase plan for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005:

 

 

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.6

%

4.1

%

Expected life (in years)

 

1.2

 

0.5

 

Dividend yield

 

0.0

%

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

110.3

%

75.0

%

 

8



 

Stock-based Compensation Award Activity

 

The following table summarizes activity under our equity incentive and stock option plans as of June 30, 2006 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Years)

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2005

 

3,893,219

 

$

15.98

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

841,685

 

$

8.16

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(31,668

)

$

8.04

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited/Expired/Cancelled

 

(190,144

)

$

17.34

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2006

 

4,513,092

 

$

14.52

 

7.82

 

$

4,106,597

 

Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2006

 

4,356,604

 

$

15.05

 

 

 

 

 

Exercisable at June 30, 2006

 

2,440,405

 

$

13.25

 

7.02

 

$

2,706,408

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted price of our common stock for the options to acquire 2.2 million shares that were in-the-money at June 30, 2006. During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, the aggregate intrinsic values of options exercised under our stock option plans were approximately $88,000 and $612,332, respectively, determined as of the date of option exercise. As of June 30, 2006, there were approximately $13.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under our stock option plans and $833,000 of total unamortized compensation cost related to our ESPP. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.45 years. We also had approximately 2.1 million of unvested stock options at June 30, 2006. Future option grants and their valuation will increase our compensation cost in the future as the options are granted, valued and expensed ratably according to their vesting periods. The weighted average grant-date fair values of options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 were $6.01 and $9.30, respectively.

 

Pro Forma Information under FAS 123 for Periods Prior to Fiscal 2006

 

Prior to adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, we accounted for equity-based employee compensation costs under the recognition and measurement principles of APB 25. Under APB 25, the intrinsic value method of accounting, no compensation expense is recognized, because the exercise price of our employee stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant. Pro forma information regarding net loss and net loss per share was determined as if we had accounted for our employee stock options and employee stock purchase plan under the fair value method prescribed by FAS 123, as amended by FAS No. 148. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. See the weighted-average assumptions discussed above.

 

For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options was amortized to expense over the vesting period of the options prior to adopting SFAS 123(R). Our pro forma information was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended,

 

Six Months Ended,

 

 

 

June 30, 2005

 

June 30, 2005

 

Net loss—as reported:

 

$

(12,293

)

$

(23,457

)

Add (Deduct): Total stock-based employee compensation expense/(recovery) determined under APB 25

 

730

 

(531

)

Add: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under the fair value based method of all awards

 

2,048

 

3,862

 

Pro forma net loss

 

$

(13,611

)

$

(27,850

)

Basic and diluted net loss per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(1.18

)

Pro forma

 

$

(0.68

)

$

(1.41

)

 

9



 

5. Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenue from our contract arrangements. Our revenue arrangements with multiple elements are evaluated under EITF No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” and are divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteria are met, including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to the customer and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered items. The consideration we receive is allocated among the separate units based on their respective fair values, and the applicable revenue recognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units. Advance payments received in excess of amounts earned are classified as deferred revenue until earned.

 

Non-refundable, up-front payments received in connection with research and development collaboration agreements, including technology access fees, are deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the relevant periods of continuing involvement, generally the research term. When a research term is not specified, we estimate the time it will take us to complete our deliverables under the contract and recognize the upfront fee using the straight-line method over that time period. We review our estimates every quarter for reasonableness.

 

Revenues related to collaborative research with our corporate collaborators are recognized as research services are performed over the related development funding periods for each contract. Under these agreements, we are required to perform research and development activities as specified in each respective agreement. The payments received are not refundable and are generally based on a contractual cost per full-time equivalent employee working on the project. Research and development expenses under the collaborative research agreements, except for the Merck collaboration signed in November 2004 related to ubiquitin ligases, approximate or exceed the revenue recognized under such agreements over the term of the respective agreements. For the Merck collaboration, we are recognizing a pro-rata portion of the invoiced amounts for funding of our research scientists based on the headcount dedicated to the project. It is our policy to recognize revenue based on our level of effort expended, however, revenue recognized will not exceed amounts billable under the arrangement which corresponds to cash receipts.

 

Milestones are recognized pursuant to collaborative agreements upon the achievement of these at risk milestones.

 

Royalties will be recognized as earned in accordance with the contract terms when the third party results are reliably measurable and collectibility is reasonably assured.

 

6. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Available-For-Sale Securities

 

Cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

June 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Checking account

 

$

154

 

$

742

 

Money market funds

 

10,057

 

3,421

 

Federal agency securities

 

17,917

 

21,067

 

Corporate bonds and notes

 

94,112

 

112,966

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

122,240

 

$

138,196

 

Reported as:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

62,228

 

$

76,779

 

Available-for-sale securities

 

60,012

 

61,417

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

122,240

 

$

138,196

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

June 30, 2006

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

Federal agency securities

 

$

17,975

 

$

 

$

(57

)

$

17,918

 

Corporate bonds and note

 

42,158

 

4

 

(68

)

42,094

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

60,133

 

$

4

 

$

(125

)

$

60,012

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

Amortized

 

Unrealized

 

Unrealized

 

 

 

December 31, 2005

 

Cost

 

Gains

 

Losses

 

Fair Value

 

Federal agency securities

 

$

17,090

 

$

1

 

$

(17

)

$

17,074

 

Corporate bonds and note

 

44,419

 

1

 

(77

)

44,343

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

61,509

 

2

 

(94

)

61,417

 

 

At June 30, 2006, the above debt securities had a weighted average maturity of approximately 134 days with two federal agency securities with a fair market value of $3.0 million having a maturity greater than 360 days.

 

10



 

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our investments in individual securities that are in an unrealized loss position aggregated by investment category, (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized

 

June 30, 2006

 

Fair Value

 

(Losses)/gains

 

Federal agency securities

 

$

17,975

 

$

(57

)

Corporate bonds and notes

 

32,527

 

(68

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

50,502

 

$

(125

)

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized

 

December 31, 2005

 

Fair Value

 

(Losses)/gains

 

Federal agency securities

 

$

12,879

 

$

(17

)

Corporate bonds and notes

 

40,615

 

(75

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

53,494

 

$

(92

)

 

As of June 30, 2006, there were no investments that had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than twelve months. As of December 31, 2005, we had an investment in corporate bonds and notes with a fair market value of approximately $1.0 million that was in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than twelve months. During the periods presented, there were no recorded realized gains or losses on investments.

 

As of June 30, 2006, a total of 33 individual securities were in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and deemed to be temporary. As of December 31, 2005, 34 individual securities were in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and deemed to be temporary.

 

7. Serono Collaboration

 

In October 2005, we entered into a collaborative research and license agreement with Serono granting it an exclusive license to develop and commercialize product candidates from our Aurora kinase inhibitor program. Even though the agreement includes a basket of compounds within the Aurora kinase inhibitor program, the collaboration and our efforts under the agreement are focused on R763. We are responsible for all costs associated with the preparation and filing of an Investigational New Drug, or IND, for R763, which we filed in December 2005, while Serono is responsible for all development of R763 following regulatory acceptance of the IND and will bear all costs thereafter. In connection with this collaboration, Serono paid us $10.0 million upfront and paid $15.0 million to purchase our common stock at a premium.

 

During February 2006, we received a payment of $5.0 million triggered by the regulatory acceptance of the R763 IND in January 2006. We have amortized the payment on a straight-line basis thru April 2006 when our involvement with the amended IND was completed. We will be eligible to receive milestone payments, under certain conditions, upon commencement of a Phase I clinical trial for R763, other clinical events, marketing approval and royalties on any future product sales.

 

We were originally amortizing the $10.0 million upfront amount into revenue over nine months from the initiation of the collaboration in October 2005. This was the period of time during which we originally estimated it would take to perform our deliverables under the contract. When we evaluated this estimate in the second quarter of 2006, we concluded that we had achieved all our deliverables and should therefore recognize all of the remaining unamortized amount that would have been amortized in full in July 2006. The change in estimate resulted in approximately $860,000 of revenue that we recognized in the second quarter of 2006 instead of in the third quarter of 2006.

 

8. Pfizer Collaboration

 

In January 2005, we signed a collaborative research and license agreement with Pfizer for the development of inhaled products for the treatment of allergic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The agreement gives Pfizer the exclusive right to nominate up to two Syk inhibitors under certain conditions, to commence advanced preclinical development. Pfizer will have the exclusive right to develop any nominated compound, and we will earn milestones upon the selection of each of the two compounds and other clinical events as well as royalties on any future product sales. Pfizer is responsible for the manufacture of all preclinical and clinical materials for each compound or product and all costs associated with development and commercialization.

 

In May 2006, we achieved the first milestone when Pfizer nominated R343 to commence advanced preclinical development in allergic asthma. Pfizer paid us $5.0 million for the exclusive right to R343 and will be responsible for all development related to R343 going forward.

 

11



 

9. Equipment Lease Line

 

In July 2005, our equipment credit line under an original master agreement was extended to create a total borrowing limit of $1.5 million through June 2006. In June 2006, we drew down the remaining lease line balance of $153,000 and obtained approval to extend our lease line to create a new total borrowing limit of $1.5 million. We have the ability to draw down on this line through June 2007. The repayment period will be for three years beginning on the first draw down with the interest rate on the line fixed at each drawdown. Each line has a bargain purchase buyout provision of $101. During the three months ended June 30, 2006, we drew down $222,000 on this new 2006 extension, which is included in capital lease obligation on the balance sheet. Approximately $1.3 million remained available under the line as of June 30, 2006.

 

10. Subsequent Event

 

 In July 2006, we amended our facility lease in order to defer certain rent payments for 2006 and 2007. The amended lease agreement also included warrants to purchase shares of our common stock.

 

12



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors

Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

 

We have reviewed the accompanying balance sheet of Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as of June 30, 2006, the related condensed statements of operations for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, and the condensed statements of cash flows for the six-month period ended June 30, 2006 and 2005. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

 

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

 

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed interim financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the balance sheet of Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as of December 31, 2005, and the related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated March 3, 2006, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.

 

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Palo Alto, California

 

July 21, 2006

 

 

13



 

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and accompanying notes included in this report and the 2005 audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of results that may occur in future periods.

 

We usually use words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “future,” “intend,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements appear throughout this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and are statements regarding our current intent, belief or expectation, primarily with respect to our operations and related industry developments. Examples of these statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the following: our business and scientific strategies; the progress of our product development programs, including clinical testing; our corporate collaborations, including revenues that may be received from these collaborations; our drug discovery technologies; our research and development expenses; protection of our intellectual property; sufficiency of our cash resources; and our operations and legal risks. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including as a result of the risks and uncertainties discussed in the “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements

 

Overview

 

Rigel is a clinical-stage drug development company that discovers and develops novel, small-molecule drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, cancer and viral diseases. Our goal is to file one new drug (IND) application in a significant indication each year. We have achieved this goal each year beginning in 2002. Our pioneering research focuses on intracellular signaling pathways and related targets that are critical to disease mechanisms. Our productivity has resulted in strategic collaborations with large pharmaceutical partners to develop and market our product candidates. We have product development programs in inflammatory/autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, thrombocytopenia, asthma and allergy as well as in cancer.

 

Rigel has multiple product candidates in development as follows:

 

                  R788—Product Candidate for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). R788 is our lead product candidate. It has a novel mechanism of action-blocking IgG receptor signaling in macrophages and B-cells. Previously, we studied R788 in a Phase I single center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety and pharmacokinetics of escalating single and multiple doses of R788. We have completed R788 studies to evaluate its safety and pharmacokinetics in combination with methotrexate, a commonly prescribed treatment for RA. Results of this trial suggest no adverse interaction. We expect to commence Phase II clinical trials of R788 for RA in the second half of 2006.

 

                  R788Product Candidate for Immune Thombocytopenia Purpura (ITP). Platelet destruction from ITP is mediated by IgG signaling. R788 is a potent inhibitor of IgG signaling. In preclinical studies, Rigel has shown R788 to improve thrombocytopenia in an ITP mouse model. We plan to commence Phase II clinical trials of R788 to evaluate its safety and efficacy in refractory ITP patients in the second half of 2006.

 

                  R763—Product Candidate for Oncology. In July 2004, we identified R763 as a lead compound in our Aurora kinase inhibition program, targeting cancer cell proliferation. R763 is a potent, highly-selective, small-molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinase. In October 2005, we signed a licensing agreement with Serono that grants to Serono an exclusive license to develop and commercialize R763, in addition to other product candidates arising from our Aurora kinase inhibitor program. Under the agreement, we were responsible for filing an IND for R763 while Serono will be responsible for the further development and commercialization of R763. We filed the IND for R763 with the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, in December 2005, and were allowed to proceed under the IND in January 2006. During February 2006, we received a payment of $5.0 million from Serono triggered by the regulatory acceptance. We anticipate that Serono will initiate clinical trials for R763 in the second half of 2006.

 

In the first quarter of 2005, we announced that we entered into a collaborative research and license agreement with Pfizer for the development of inhaled products for the treatment of allergic asthma and other respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. The collaboration is focused on our preclinical small molecule compounds, which inhibit IgE receptor signaling in respiratory tract mast cells by blocking the signaling enzyme Syk, or spleen tyrosine kinase, a novel drug target for respiratory diseases. Mast cells play important roles in both early and late phase allergic reactions, and Syk inhibitors could prevent both phases. In May 2006, we achieved the first collaboration milestone when Pfizer nominated R343 to commence advanced

 

14



 

preclinical development in allergic asthma. Pfizer paid us $5.0 million for the exclusive right to R343, which will be delivered using Pfizer’s dry powder inhaler and is projected to enter the clinic in 2007.

 

In addition to the above mentioned product candidates, we have ongoing research programs involving back-up candidates for the product candidates above as well as drug discovery efforts in our immunology/inflammation, virology, and oncology programs. For example, we are pursuing JAK3 inhibition in transplant rejection and in a variety of autoimmune diseases and Axl inhibition in oncology.

 

Corporate Collaborations

 

We carry on research and development programs in connection with our corporate collaborations. As of June 30, 2006, we had collaborations with six major pharmaceutical/biotech companies comprised of: one with Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., a division of Johnson & Johnson, relating to oncology therapeutics and diagnostics, two with Pfizer Inc., one initiated in 1999 and the other in the first quarter of 2005, relating to intrapulmonary asthma and allergy therapeutics, one with Novartis Pharma AG with respect to four different programs relating to immunology, oncology and chronic bronchitis, one with Daiichi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. in the area of oncology, one with Merck, in the area of oncology, and one with Serono in the area of oncology. All of these collaborations, excluding the recent Pfizer and the Serono collaborations, have a research phase during which we receive or received funding based on the level of headcount allocated to a program. In all of these collaborations if certain conditions are met, we are entitled to receive future milestone payments and royalties. We cannot guarantee that these conditions will be met or that research and development efforts will be successful. As a result, we may not receive any further milestone payments or royalties under these agreements. Only the Merck program currently provides for regular research reimbursement payments.

 

We are exploring new opportunities with existing and potential collaborators. Our earliest partnerships focused on the early stages of drug discovery, specifically on target discovery and validation. Our collaborations with Daiichi and recently with Merck are both later stage, focusing on drug discovery and development. Our 2005 collaboration with Pfizer covers compounds at the preclinical and lead designation stages while our 2005 collaboration with Serono covers a compound for which an IND was filed in December 2005 and obtained FDA approval in January 2006. We currently anticipate that in order to support our current research programs we will need to self-fund our own research programs, which involves an increased rate of spending on later stages of development prior to partnering with collaborative partners. Therefore, it is expected that future collaborations may have an expanded focus and could include high throughput screening, combinatorial and medicinal chemistry, preclinical evaluations and/or clinical development of compounds we have discovered. In addition, we believe these future collaborations could be structured to consist of upfront payments, the purchase of our common stock, milestone payments upon meeting certain conditions, research or development reimbursement payments and/or royalties upon commercialization of products resulting from the collaboration.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and the Use of Estimates

 

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to terms of the research collaborations (i.e., amortization of upfront fees and certain milestones), investments, stock compensation, impairment issues, the estimated useful life of assets and contingencies. In June 2006, we evaluated the period for amortizing the Serono upfront payment and concluded we had achieved all of our deliverables under the contract. See further discussion in Note 7 above. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.

 

We believe that there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the period ended June 30, 2006 as compared to those previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, except for the adoption of SFAS 123(R) for equity-based compensation costs in January 2006.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenue from our contract arrangements. Our revenue arrangements with multiple elements are evaluated under Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” are divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteria are met, including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to the customer and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered items. The consideration we receive is allocated among the separate units based on their respective fair values, and the applicable revenue recognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units. Advance payments received in excess of amounts earned are classified as deferred revenue until earned.

 

Non-refundable, up-front payments received in connection with research and development collaboration agreements, including technology access fees, are deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the relevant periods of continuing involvement, generally the research term. When a research term is not specified, we estimate the time it will take us to complete our deliverables under the contract and recognize the upfront fee using the straight-line method over that time period. We review our estimates every quarter for reasonableness.

 

15



 

Revenues related to collaborative research with our corporate collaborators are recognized as research services are performed over the related development funding periods for each contract. Under these agreements, we are required to perform research and development activities as specified in each respective agreement. The payments received are not refundable and are generally based on a contractual cost per full-time equivalent employee working on the project. Research and development expenses under the collaborative research agreements, except for the Merck collaboration signed in November 2004 related to ubiquitin ligases, approximate or exceed the revenue recognized under such agreements over the term of the respective agreements. For the Merck collaboration, we are recognizing a pro-rata portion of the invoiced amounts for funding of our research scientists based on the headcount dedicated to the project. It is our policy to recognize revenue based on our level of effort expended; however, revenue recognized will not exceed amounts billable under the arrangement which corresponds to cash receipts.

 

Milestones are recognized pursuant to collaborative agreements upon the achievement of these at risk milestones.

 

Royalties will be recognized as earned in accordance with the contract terms when the third party results are reliably measurable and collectibility is reasonably assured.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Stock-based compensation expense/(recovery) from:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Officer, director and employee options

 

$

3,220

 

$

715

 

$

2,505

 

$

6,504

 

$

(551

)

$

7,055

 

Consultant options

 

(93

)

92

 

(185

)

184

 

(115

)

299

 

Other employee options

 

 

15

 

(15

)

 

20

 

(20

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

3,127

 

$

822

 

$

2,305

 

$

6,688

 

$

(646

)

$

7,334

 

 

We grant options to purchase our common stock to our employees, directors and consultants under our stock option plans. Eligible employees can also purchase shares of our common stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first and last day of each six-month purchase period under our employee stock purchase plan. The benefits provided under these plans are share-based payments subject to the provisions of SFAS 123(R). Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective application transition method. Under this method, the share-based compensation cost recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes compensation cost for (i) all share-based payments granted prior to, but not vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value originally estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123 and calculated for pro forma disclosures under SFAS No. 148, and (ii) all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R). Compensation cost under SFAS 123(R) for awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 is recognized using an accelerated method pursuant to the FASB Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans”, or FIN 28. For awards granted after January 1, 2006, we have adopted the use of the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period for the entire award. Results of prior periods do not reflect any restated amounts, and the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle was insignificant upon adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) under the modified prospective method. In addition pursuant to SFAS 123(R), we are required to estimate the amount of expected forfeitures when calculating the compensation costs, instead of accounting for forfeitures as incurred, which was our previous method. We will record actual forfeitures as they occur, and we will review our forfeiture rates each quarter and make any necessary changes our estimates.

 

Prior to adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, we accounted for equity-based employee compensation costs under the recognition and measurement principles of APB 25. Under APB 25, the intrinsic value method of accounting, no compensation expense is recognized, because the exercise price of our employee stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant. Pro forma information regarding net loss and net loss per share was determined as if we had accounted for our employee stock options and employee stock purchase plan under the fair value method prescribed by FAS 123, as amended by FAS 148. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model.

 

In 2005, we recorded charges associated with the stock options that were eligible for re-pricing under a tender offer initiated in June 2003. All replacement options, as well as the eligible options that were not surrendered under the original offer to exchange, were treated for financial reporting purposes as variable awards. Therefore, for the period prior to adoption of FAS 123(R), we recorded a non-cash charge, generally for the intrinsic value of the options as they vested, utilizing the accelerated vesting method, reflecting increases and decreases (down to, but not below, the exercise price) in the price of our common stock as compensation expense (recovery) in connection with the replacement options and the eligible options that were not exchanged. For the three

 

16



 

months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded non-cash compensation expense of approximately $715,000 related to all employee options eligible for replacement options. This expense resulted from the increase in the market price of our common stock during the period. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded a non-cash compensation recovery of approximately $551,000 related to all employee options eligible for replacement options. The recovery resulted from the decrease in the market price of our common stock during the six-month period ended June 30, 2005. For periods after the adoption of SFAS 123(R), we are continuing to account for the repriced options prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) in accordance with provisions of SFAS 123. In May 2006, our board of directors approved a plan to grant new options in August 2006 to employees who hold repriced options that expire in the same period. We will record stock-based compensation expense relating to the new options in the third quarter of 2006.

 

We also record charges associated with options granted to consultants reflecting the fair value valuation and periodic fair value remeasurement of outstanding consultant options under EITF 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services.”   The valuation is based upon the current market value of our common stock and other assumptions, including the expected future volatility of our stock price, risk-free interest rate and expected term. For consultant options granted in 2006, we amortize stock-based compensation using a straight-line attribution method consistent with the method used for employees and with the attribution election we made upon adoption of FAS 123(R). For options granted prior to January 1, 2006, we used the accelerated method for expensing stock-based compensation, which was the method we used prior to adoption. We expect to see continued fluctuations in the future as a portion of these options are remeasured based on the changes in the current market price of our common stock.

 

The determination of the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.

 

If factors change and we employ different assumptions in the application of SFAS 123(R) in future periods, the compensation expense that we record under SFAS 123(R) may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the current period. Therefore, we believe it is important to be aware of the high degree of subjectivity involved when using option pricing models to estimate share-based compensation under SFAS 123(R).

 

The guidance in SFAS 123(R) and SAB 107 is relatively new, and best practices are not well established. The application of these principles may be subject to further interpretation and refinement over time. There are significant differences among valuation models, and there is a possibility that we may adopt different valuation models in the future. This may result in a lack of consistency in future periods and materially affect the fair value estimate of share-based payments. It may also result in a lack of comparability with other companies that use different models, methods and assumptions.

 

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2005

 

Revenues

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Contract revenues from collaborations

 

$

14,321

 

$

4,606

 

$

9,715

 

$

24,218

 

$

7,224

 

$

16,994

 

 

Revenues by collaborator were:

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Pfizer

 

$

6,250

 

$

1,250

 

$

5,000

 

$

7,500

 

$

1,741

 

$

5,759

 

Serono

 

5,693

 

 

5,693

 

12,527

 

 

12,527

 

Merck

 

2,378

 

1,795

 

583

 

4,191

 

3,260

 

931

 

Daiichi

 

 

1,561

 

(1,561

)

 

2,223

 

(2,223

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

14,321

 

$

4,606

 

$

9,715

 

$

24,218

 

$

7,224

 

$

16,994

 

 

Contract revenues from collaborations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 consisted primarily of research support and amortization of upfront fees and milestone payments from the continuation of our collaborations above. The

 

17



 

increase in revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the similar periods in 2005 was primarily due to the recognition of the Pfizer milestone of $5.0 million for the nomination of R343 in May 2006 and the amortization of approximately $5.7 million related to upfront payments from Serono, which consisted of the payment we received in February 2006 upon the regulatory acceptance of the IND in January 2006 and the full amortization of the remaining balance of the Serono upfront payment due to the completion of all deliverables under the contract. As of June 30, 2006, no amounts relating to Serono were remaining to be amortized in future periods, therefore, future revenue from Serono in 2006, if any, will only include potential milestone payments. Research support under the Daiichi collaboration ended in August 2005. We have deferred approximately $922,000 of research reimbursement revenue from Merck in order to only account for the headcount effort expended by us for the time period invoiced, which covers the period from the initiation of the collaboration through June 30, 2006. We expect this amount will be recognized as revenue no later than at the end of the research phase of the collaboration, which is scheduled to be in May 2007. We expect contract revenues from collaborations to be a significant component of our total revenues for the foreseeable future.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Research and development expenses

 

$

13,205

 

$

13,807

 

$

(602

)

$

27,916

 

$

24,980

 

$

2,936

 

Stock-based compensation expense/(recovery) included in research and development expenses

 

1,543

 

566

 

977

 

3,464

 

(461

)

3,925

 

 

The decrease in research and development expenses of $602,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006, compared to the similar period in 2005, was primarily attributable to a decrease in preclinical and clinical costs, offset by an increase in stock-based compensation expense upon the adoption of SFAS 123(R) as previously discussed under “Stock-based Compensation” in the “Critical Accounting Policies and the Use of Estimates” section. Preclinical and clinical costs decreased in the three months ended June 30, 2006, compared to the similar period in 2005, due to the termination of R112 and R803 programs in 2005 and the transfer of sponsorship relating to R763 to Serono in 2006. The increase in research and development expenses of approximately $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the similar period in 2005 was primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), offset by a decrease in preclinical and clinical costs. The decrease in preclinical and clinical costs in the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 was primarily attributable to the decrease in costs relating to our R112, R803 and R763 programs as discussed above, offset by increased costs relating to our R788 program. We expect that our research and development expenses will increase through the second half of 2006 as we initiate our Phase II trial of R788 for RA.

 

The scope and magnitude of future research and development expenses are difficult to predict at this time given the number of studies that we will need to conduct for any of our potential products, as well as our limited capital resources. In general, biopharmaceutical development involves a series of steps—beginning with identification of a potential target and including, among others, proof of concept in animals and Phase I, II and III clinical studies in humans—each of which is typically more expensive than the previous step. Success in development, therefore, results in increasing expenditures. Our research and development expenditures currently include costs for scientific personnel, supplies, equipment, consultants, sponsored research, allocated facility costs, costs related to preclinical and clinical trials, and stock-based compensation.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

General and administrative expenses

 

$

4,725

 

$

3,429

 

$

1,296

 

$

9,728

 

$

6,303

 

$

3,425

 

Stock-based compensation expense/(recovery) included in general and administrative expenses

 

1,584

 

256

 

1,328

 

3,224

 

(185

)

3,409

 

 

The increases in general and administrative expenses of approximately $1.3 million and $3.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the similar periods in 2005 is primarily attributable to an increase in stock-based compensation expense upon the adoption of SFAS 123(R) as previously discussed under “Stock-based Compensation” in the “Critical Accounting Policies and the Use of Estimates” section.

 

18



 

Interest Income

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Interest income

 

$

1,426

 

$

402

 

$

1,024

 

$

2,840

 

$

732

 

$

2,108

 

 

Interest income results from our interest-bearing cash and investment balances. The increase in the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the similar periods in 2005 is attributable to an increase in our overall investment balances as a result of the public offering we completed in July 2005 in which we raised $81.6 million in net proceeds, combined with an increase in the rate of interest we earned on the balances.

 

Interest Expense

 

 

 

Three months
ended

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

June 30,

 

Aggregate Change

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

2006

 

2005

 

2006 from 2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

(in thousands)

 

Interest expense

 

$

147

 

$

65

 

$

82

 

$

213

 

$

130

 

$

83

 

 

Interest expense is the result of our capital lease obligations associated with fixed asset acquisitions. Interest expense increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 due to the increase in debt obligations outstanding during those periods.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Cash Requirements

 

We have financed our operations from inception primarily through sales of equity securities, contract payments under our collaboration agreements and equipment financing arrangements. We have consumed substantial amounts of capital to date, and operating expenditures are expected to increase over the next several years as we expand our infrastructure and research and development activities. We believe that our existing capital resources and anticipated proceeds from current collaborations will be sufficient to support our current operating plan through at least the next 12 months. Our operations will require significant additional funding in large part due to our research and development expenses, future preclinical and clinical-testing costs, and the absence of any meaningful revenues for the foreseeable future. The amount of future funds needed will depend largely on the timing and structure of potential future collaborations. We do not know whether additional financing will be available when needed, or that, if available, we will obtain financing on terms favorable to our stockholders or us.

 

To the extent we raise additional capital by issuing equity securities, our stockholders could at that time experience substantial dilution. To the extent that we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements, we may be required to relinquish some rights to our technologies or product candidates, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.

 

Our future funding requirements will depend upon many factors, including, but not limited to:

 

                                          the progress and success of clinical trials and preclinical activities (including studies and manufacture of materials) of our product candidates conducted by us or our collaborative partners or licensees;

                                          our ability to establish new collaborations and to maintain our existing collaboration partnerships;

                                          the progress of research programs carried out by us;

                                          any changes in the breadth of our research and development programs;

                                          our ability to meet the milestones identified in our collaborative agreements that trigger payments;

                                          the progress of the research and development efforts of our collaborative partners;

                                          our ability to acquire or license other technologies or compounds that we seek to pursue;

                                          our ability to manage our growth;

                                          competing technological and market developments;

                                          the costs and timing of obtaining, enforcing and defending our patent and intellectual property rights;

                                          the costs and timing of regulatory approvals and filings by us and our collaborators; and

                                          expenses associated with unforeseen litigation.

 

19



 

Insufficient funds may require us to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our research or development programs, to lose rights under existing licenses or to relinquish greater or all rights to product candidates at an earlier stage of development or on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose or may adversely affect our ability to operate as a going concern. As of June 30, 2006, we had approximately $122.2 million in cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities, as compared to $138.2 million as of December 31, 2005, a decrease of $16.0 million. The decrease was attributable to operating spending in the period, offset by the receipt of $5.0 million from Serono and $5.0 million from Pfizer. We also received approximately $1.3 million under our equipment financing arrangements, which was offset by debt service payments of approximately $663,000 relating to the equipment financing arrangements. We expect that our net cash used in operations for the second half of 2006 will increase as compared to the first half of 2006 as we commence our Phase II clinical trial of R788 for RA. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, we maintained an investment portfolio primarily in money market funds, federal agency securities and corporate bonds and notes. Cash in excess of immediate requirements is invested with regard to liquidity and capital preservation. Wherever possible, we seek to minimize the potential effects of concentration and degrees of risk.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

The following are our contractual commitments (by fiscal year) as of June 30, 2006 associated with debt obligations, contracted research obligations, and lease obligations:

 

 

 

Total

 

2006

 

2007-2009

 

2010-2012

 

2013-2018

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Debt obligations (1)

 

$

3,148

 

$

749

 

$

2,399

 

$

 

$

 

Facilities lease, net of sublease (2)(3)

 

162,047

 

5,836

 

41,581

 

38,507

 

76,123

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

165,195

 

$

6,585

 

$

43,980

 

$

38,507

 

$

76,123

 

 


(1)           As of June 30, 2006, we had approximately $2.8 million in debt obligations associated with our equipment additions. All existing debt agreements as of June 30, 2006 are secured by the equipment financed, bear interest at rates in a range of 8.8% to 12.2% and are due in monthly installments through 2009.

 

(2)           During May 2004, we initiated a sublease of approximately 15,000 square feet of our premises to a tenant for a period of two years. This sublease was amended in September 2005 to extend the term for an additional year. The facilities lease obligations above are reflective of the new sublease income stream of $606,000.

 

(3)           The payments above reflect the remaining approximately twelve years of the lease term.

 

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities in which we invest may have market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the fair value amount of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the market value amount of our investment will decline. To minimize this risk in the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities in a variety of securities, including money market funds and government and non-government debt securities. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, we maintained an investment portfolio primarily in money market funds, federal agency securities and corporate bonds and notes. Due to the short-term nature of the majority of these investments, we believe we do not have a material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments. Therefore, no quantitative tabular disclosure is provided.

 

We have operated primarily in the United States, and all funding activities with our collaborators to date have been made in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, we have had minimal exposure to foreign currency rate fluctuations.

 

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based on our management’s evaluation (with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer), our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), were effective as of June 30, 2006.

 

Changes in Internal Controls. There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2006 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the controls are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control

 

20



 

systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, if any, within a company have been detected. Accordingly, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of our disclosure control system are met and, as set forth above, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, that our disclosure controls and procedures were sufficiently effective to provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of our disclosure control system were met.

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the following risks, as well as the other information contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business could be harmed. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently see as immaterial, may also harm our business.

 

We have marked with an asterisk(*) those risk factors below that reflect material changes from the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 8, 2006.

 

We will need additional capital in the future to sufficiently fund our operations and research.*

 

We have consumed substantial amounts of capital to date, and operating expenditures are expected to increase over the next several years as we expand our infrastructure and research and development activities. We believe that our existing capital resources and anticipated proceeds from current collaborations will be sufficient to support our current operating plan through at least the next 12 months. Our operations will require significant additional funding in large part due to our research and development expenses, future preclinical and clinical-testing costs, and the absence of any meaningful revenues for the foreseeable future. The amount of future funds needed will depend largely on the timing and structure of potential future collaborations. We do not know whether additional financing will be available when needed, or that, if available, we will obtain financing on terms favorable to our stockholders or us.

 

To the extent we raise additional capital by issuing equity securities, our stockholders could at that time experience substantial dilution. To the extent that we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements, we may be required to relinquish some rights to our technologies or product candidates, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.

 

Our future funding requirements will depend on many uncertain factors.

 

Our future funding requirements will depend upon many factors, including, but not limited to:

 

                                          the progress and success of clinical trials and preclinical activities (including studies and manufacture of materials) of our product candidates conducted by us or our collaborative partners or licensees;

                                          our ability to establish new collaborations and to maintain our existing collaboration partnerships;

                                          the progress of research programs carried out by us;

                                          any changes in the breadth of our research and development programs;

                                          our ability to meet the milestones identified in our collaborative agreements that trigger payments;

                                          the progress of the research and development efforts of our collaborative partners;

                                          our ability to acquire or license other technologies or compounds that we seek to pursue;

                                          our ability to manage our growth;

                                          competing technological and market developments;

                                          the costs and timing of obtaining, enforcing and defending our patent and intellectual property rights;

                                          the costs and timing of regulatory approvals and filings by us and our collaborators; and

                                          expenses associated with unforeseen litigation.

 

Insufficient funds may require us to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our research or development programs, to lose rights under existing licenses or to relinquish greater or all rights to product candidates at an earlier stage of development or on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose or may adversely affect our ability to operate as a going concern.

 

Our success as a company is uncertain due to our history of operating losses and the uncertainty of future profitability.*

 

Due in large part to the significant research and development expenditures required to identify and validate new product candidates and pursue our development efforts, we have not been profitable and have incurred operating losses since we were incorporated in June 1996. The extent of our future losses and the timing of potential profitability are highly uncertain, and we may never achieve profitable operations. We incurred net losses of approximately $10.8 million for the first six months of 2006, $45.3 million in 2005 and $56.3 million in 2004. Currently, our revenues are generated solely from research payments pursuant to our collaboration agreements and licenses and are insufficient to generate profitable operations. As of June 30, 2006, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $268.3 million. We expect to incur losses for at least the next several years and expect that these losses could increase as we expand our research and development activities and incur significant clinical and testing costs.

 

21



 

There is a high risk that drug discovery and development efforts might not successfully generate good product candidates.*

 

At the present time, the majority of our operations are in various stages of drug identification and development. We currently have two product compounds in the clinical testing stage: one is for both RA and ITP, which is proprietary to our company and the other is for oncology, which is partnered with Serono. In our industry, it is statistically unlikely that the limited number of compounds that we have identified as potential product candidates will actually lead to successful product development efforts, and we do not expect any drugs resulting from our research to be commercially available for several years, if at all. Our product compounds in the clinic and our future leads for potential drug compounds are subject to the risks and failures inherent in the development of pharmaceutical products. These risks include, but are not limited to, the inherent difficulty in selecting the right drug and drug target and avoiding unwanted side effects as well as unanticipated problems relating to product development, testing, regulatory compliance, manufacturing, marketing, competition and costs and expenses that may exceed current estimates. The results of preliminary studies do not necessarily predict clinical or commercial success, and larger later-stage clinical trials may fail to confirm the results observed in the preliminary studies. With respect to our own compounds in development, we have established anticipated timelines for clinical development based on existing knowledge of the compound. However, we cannot provide assurance that we will meet any of these timelines with respect to the initiation or completion of clinical studies. For example, in December 2005, we completed a Phase II trial of R112 for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, which did not achieve the primary endpoint.

 

Because of the uncertainty of whether the accumulated preclinical evidence (pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, safety and/or other factors) or early clinical results will be observed in later clinical trials, we can make no assurance regarding the likely results from our future clinical trials or the impact of those results on our business.

 

We might not be able to commercialize our product candidates successfully if problems arise in the clinical testing and approval process.*

 

Commercialization of our product candidates depends upon successful completion of preclinical studies and clinical trials. Preclinical testing and clinical development are long, expensive and uncertain processes. We do not know whether we, or any of our collaborative partners, will be permitted to undertake clinical trials of potential products beyond the trials already concluded and the trials currently in process. It will take us or our collaborative partners several years to complete any such testing, and failure can occur at any stage of testing. Interim results of trials do not necessarily predict final results, and acceptable results in early trials may not be repeated in later trials. A number of companies in the pharmaceutical industry, including biotechnology companies, have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after achieving promising results in earlier trials. Moreover, we or our collaborative partners or regulators may decide to discontinue development of any or all of these projects at any time for commercial, scientific or other reasons.

 

Delays in clinical testing could result in increased costs to us.

 

Significant delays in clinical testing could materially impact our product development costs and timing. We do not know whether planned clinical trials will begin on time, will need to be halted or revamped or will be completed on schedule, or at all. Clinical trials can be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delays in obtaining regulatory approval to commence a study, delays from scale up delays in reaching agreement on acceptable clinical study agreement terms with prospective clinical sites, delays in obtaining institutional review board approval to conduct a study at a prospective clinical site or delays in recruiting subjects to participate in a study. Environmental conditions may impact the execution of some clinical trials, particularly during the allergy season for our allergic rhinitis program.

 

In addition, we typically rely on third-party clinical investigators to conduct our clinical trials and other third-party organizations to oversee the operations of such trials and to perform data collection and analysis. As a result, we may face additional delaying factors outside our control if these parties do not perform their obligations in a timely fashion. While we have not yet experienced delays that have materially impacted our clinical trials or product development costs, delays of this sort could occur for the reasons identified above or other reasons. If we have delays in testing or approvals, our product development costs will increase. For example, we may need to make additional payments to third-party investigators and organizations to retain their services or we may need to pay recruitment incentives. If the delays are significant, our financial results and the commercial prospects for our product candidates will be harmed, and our ability to become profitable will be delayed.

 

We lack the capability to manufacture compounds for development and rely on third parties to manufacture our product candidates, and we may be unable to obtain required material in a timely manner, at an acceptable cost or at a quality level required to receive regulatory approval.

 

We currently do not have manufacturing capabilities or experience necessary to produce our product candidates, including R788 for clinical trials. We relied on a single third-party contractor to produce R763. We also rely on a single manufacturer for R788 product for clinical testing. We will rely on manufacturers to deliver materials on a timely basis and to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s, or FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices, or GMP. These outsourcing efforts with respect to manufacturing preclinical and clinical supplies will result in a dependence on our suppliers to timely manufacture and deliver sufficient quantities of materials produced under GMP conditions to enable us to conduct planned preclinical studies, clinical trials and, if possible, to bring products to market in a timely manner.

 

Our current and anticipated future dependence upon these third-party manufacturers may adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize product candidates on a timely and competitive basis. These manufacturers may not be able to produce material on a timely basis or manufacture material at the quality level or in the quantity required to meet our development timelines

 

22



 

and applicable regulatory requirements. We may not be able to maintain or renew our existing third-party manufacturing arrangements, or enter into new arrangements, on acceptable terms, or at all. Our third-party manufacturers could terminate or decline to renew our manufacturing arrangements based on their own business priorities, at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us. If we are unable to contract for the production of materials in sufficient quantity and of sufficient quality on acceptable terms, our planned clinical trials may be significantly delayed. Manufacturing delays could postpone the filing of our IND applications and/or the initiation of clinical trials that we have currently planned.

 

Our third-party manufacturers may not be able to comply with the GMP regulations, other applicable FDA regulatory requirements or similar regulations applicable outside of the United States. Additionally, if we are required to enter into new supply arrangements, we may not be able to obtain approval from the FDA of any alternate supplier in a timely manner, or at all, which could delay or prevent the clinical development and commercialization of any related product candidates. Failure of our third-party manufacturers or us to obtain approval from the FDA or to comply with applicable regulations could result in sanctions being imposed on us, including fines, civil penalties, delays in or failure to grant marketing approval of our product candidates, injunctions, delays, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, license revocation, seizures or recalls of products and compounds, operating restrictions and criminal prosecutions, any of which could significantly and adversely affect our business.

 

Because most of our expected future revenues are contingent upon collaborative and license agreements, we might not meet our strategic objectives.

 

Our ability to generate revenue in the near term depends on our ability to enter into additional collaborative agreements with third parties and to maintain the agreements we currently have in place. Our ability to enter into new collaborations and the revenue, if any, that may be recognized under these collaborations is highly uncertain. If we are unable to enter into new collaborations, our business prospects could be harmed, which could have an immediate adverse effect on the trading price of our stock.

 

To date, most of our revenues have been related to the research phase of each of our collaborative agreements. Such revenues are for specified periods, and the impact of such revenues on our results of operations is partially offset by corresponding research costs. Following the completion of the research phase of each collaborative agreement, additional revenues may come only from milestone payments and royalties, which may not be paid, if at all, until some time well into the future. The risk is heightened due to the fact that unsuccessful research efforts may preclude us from receiving any milestone payments under these agreements. Our receipt of revenues from collaborative arrangements is also significantly affected by the timing of efforts expended by us and our collaborators and the timing of lead compound identification. In late 2001, we recorded the first revenue from achievement of milestones in both the Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson collaborations. In addition, we have subsequently received milestone payments from Novartis, Daiichi, Merck, Serono and Pfizer. Under many agreements, however, milestone payments may not be earned until the collaborator has advanced product candidates into clinical testing, which may never occur or may not occur until some time well into the future. If we are not able to generate revenue under our collaborations when and in accordance with our expectations or the expectations of industry analysts, this failure could harm our business and have an immediate adverse effect on the trading price of our stock.

 

Our business requires us to generate meaningful revenue from royalties and licensing agreements. To date, we have not received any revenue from royalties for the commercial sale of drugs, and we do not know when we will receive any such revenue, if at all. Likewise, we have not licensed any lead compounds or drug development candidates to third parties, and we do not know whether any such license will be entered into on acceptable terms in the future, if at all.

 

If our current corporate collaborations or license agreements are unsuccessful, our research and development efforts could be delayed.

 

Our strategy depends upon the formation and sustainability of multiple collaborative arrangements and license agreements with third parties in the future. We rely on these arrangements for not only financial resources, but also for expertise that we expect to need in the future relating to clinical trials, manufacturing, sales and marketing, and for licenses to technology rights. To date, we have entered into several such arrangements with corporate collaborators; however, we do not know if such third parties will dedicate sufficient resources or if any development or commercialization efforts by third parties will be successful. Should a collaborative partner fail to develop or commercialize a compound or product to which it has rights from us for any reason including corporate restructuring, such failure might delay ongoing research and development efforts at Rigel, because we might not receive any future milestone payments, and we would not receive any royalties associated with such compound or product. In addition, the continuation of some of our partnered drug discovery and development programs may be dependent on the periodic renewal of our corporate collaborations.

 

The research phase of our collaboration with Johnson & Johnson ended in 2003, and the research phases conducted at our facilities under our broad collaboration with Novartis ended in 2004. The research phase of our corporate collaboration agreement with Daiichi ended in 2005. In 2004, we signed a new corporate collaboration with Merck and in 2005, we signed additional collaborations with Pfizer and Serono. These agreements could be terminated by the other party, and we may not be able to renew these collaborations on acceptable terms, if at all, or negotiate additional corporate collaborations on acceptable terms, if at all. If these collaborations terminate or are not renewed, any resultant loss of revenues from these collaborations or loss of the expertise of our collaborative partners could adversely affect our business.

 

Conflicts also might arise with collaborative partners concerning proprietary rights to particular compounds. While our existing collaborative agreements typically provide that we retain milestone payments and royalty rights with respect to drugs

 

23



 

developed from certain derivative compounds, any such payments or royalty rights may be at reduced rates, and disputes may arise over the application of derivative payment provisions to such drugs, and we may not be successful in such disputes.

 

We are also a party to various license agreements that give us rights to use specified technologies in our research and development processes. The agreements pursuant to which we have in-licensed technology permit our licensors to terminate the agreements under certain circumstances. If we are not able to continue to license these and future technologies on commercially reasonable terms, our product development and research may be delayed.

 

If conflicts arise between our collaborators or advisors and us, any of them may act in their self-interest, which may be adverse to our stockholders’ interests.

 

If conflicts arise between us and our corporate collaborators or scientific advisors, the other party may act in its self-interest and not in the interest of our stockholders. Some of our corporate collaborators are conducting multiple product development efforts within each disease area that is the subject of the collaboration with us or may be acquired or merged with a company having a competing program. In some of our collaborations, we have agreed not to conduct, independently or with any third party, any research that is competitive with the research conducted under our collaborations. Our collaborators, however, may develop, either alone or with others, products in related fields that are competitive with the products or potential products that are the subject of these collaborations. Competing products, either developed by our collaborators or to which our collaborators have rights, may result in their withdrawal of support for our product candidates.

 

If any of our corporate collaborators were to breach or terminate its agreement with us or otherwise fail to conduct the collaborative activities successfully and in a timely manner, the preclinical or clinical development or commercialization of the affected product candidates or research programs could be delayed or terminated. We generally do not control the amount and timing of resources that our corporate collaborators devote to our programs or potential products. We do not know whether current or future collaborative partners, if any, might pursue alternative technologies or develop alternative products either on their own or in collaboration with others, including our competitors, as a means for developing treatments for the diseases targeted by collaborative arrangements with us.

 

Our success is dependent on intellectual property rights held by us and third parties, and our interest in such rights is complex and uncertain.

 

Our success will depend to a large part on our own, our licensees’ and our licensors’ ability to obtain and defend patents for each party’s respective technologies and the compounds and other products, if any, resulting from the application of such technologies. We have over 150 pending patent applications and over 50 issued patents in the United States that are owned or exclusively licensed in our field as well as pending corresponding foreign patent applications. In the future, our patent position might be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. For example, we may be involved in interferences before the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Interferences are complex and expensive legal proceedings and there is no assurance we will be successful in such proceedings. An interference could result in our losing our patent rights and/or our freedom to operate and/or require us to pay significant royalties. Additional uncertainty may result because no consistent policy regarding the breadth of legal claims allowed in biotechnology patents has emerged to date. Accordingly, we cannot predict the breadth of claims allowed in our or other companies’ patents.

 

Because the degree of future protection for our proprietary rights is uncertain, we cannot ensure that:

 

                                          we were the first to make the inventions covered by each of our pending patent applications;

                                          we were the first to file patent applications for these inventions;

                                          others will not independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate any of our technologies;

                                          any of our pending patent applications will result in issued patents;

                                          any patents issued to us or our collaborators will provide a basis for commercially-viable products or will provide us with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties;

                                          we will develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable; or

                                          the patents of others will not have a negative effect on our ability to do business.

 

We rely on trade secrets to protect technology where we believe patent protection is not appropriate or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. While we require employees, collaborators and consultants to enter into confidentiality agreements, we may not be able to adequately protect our trade secrets or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use or disclosure or the lawful development by others of such information.

 

We are a party to certain in-license agreements that are important to our business, and we generally do not control the prosecution of in-licensed technology. Accordingly, we are unable to exercise the same degree of control over this intellectual property as we exercise over our internally-developed technology. Moreover, some of our academic institution licensors, research collaborators and scientific advisors have rights to publish data and information in which we have rights. If we cannot maintain the confidentiality of our technology and other confidential information in connection with our collaborations, then our ability to receive patent protection or protect our proprietary information will be impaired. In addition, some of the technology we have licensed relies on patented inventions developed using U.S. government resources. The U.S. government retains certain rights, as defined by law, in

 

24



 

such patents, and may choose to exercise such rights. Certain of our in-licenses may be terminated if we fail to meet specified obligations. If we fail to meet such obligations and any of our licensors exercise their termination rights, we could lose our rights under those agreements. If we lose any of our rights, it may adversely affect the way we conduct our business. In addition, because certain of our licenses are sublicenses, the actions of our licensors may affect our rights under those licenses.

 

If a dispute arises regarding the infringement or misappropriation of the proprietary rights of others, such dispute could be costly and result in delays in our research and development activities and partnering.

 

Our success will also depend, in part, on our ability to operate without infringing or misappropriating the proprietary rights of others. There are many issued patents and patent applications filed by third parties relating to products or processes that are similar or identical to ours or our licensors, and others may be filed in the future. There can be no assurance that our activities, or those of our licensors, will not infringe patents owned by others. We believe that there may be significant litigation in the industry regarding patent and other intellectual property rights, and we do not know if we or our collaborators would be successful in any such litigation. Any legal action against our collaborators or us claiming damages or seeking to enjoin commercial activities relating to the affected products, our methods or processes could:

 

                                          require our collaborators or us to obtain a license to continue to use, manufacture or market the affected products, methods or processes, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all;

                                          prevent us from using the subject matter claimed in the patents held by others;

                                          subject us to potential liability for damages;

                                          consume a substantial portion of our managerial and financial resources; and

                                          result in litigation or administrative proceedings that may be costly, whether we win or lose.

 

If we are unable to obtain regulatory approval to market products in the United States and foreign jurisdictions, we might not be permitted to commercialize products from our research and development.

 

Due, in part, to the early stage of our product candidate research and development process, we cannot predict whether regulatory clearance will be obtained for any product that we, or our collaborative partners, hope to develop. Satisfaction of regulatory requirements typically takes many years, is dependent upon the type complexity and novelty of the product and requires the expenditure of substantial resources. Of particular significance to us are the requirements relating to research and development and testing.

 

Before commencing clinical trials in humans in the United States, we, or our collaborative partners, will need to submit and receive approval from the FDA of an IND. Clinical trials are subject to oversight by institutional review boards and the FDA and:

 

                                          must be conducted in conformance with the FDA’s good clinical practices and other applicable regulations;

                                          must meet requirements for institutional review board oversight;

                                          must meet requirements for informed consent;

                                          are subject to continuing FDA oversight;

                                          may require large numbers of test subjects; and

                                          may be suspended by us, our collaborators or the FDA at any time if it is believed that the subjects participating in these trials are being exposed to unacceptable health risks or if the FDA finds deficiencies in the IND or the conduct of these trials.

 

While we have stated that we intend to file additional INDs, this is only a statement of intent, and we may not be able to do so because we may not be able to identify potential product candidates. In addition, the FDA may not approve any IND in a timely manner, or at all.

 

Before receiving FDA approval to market a product, we must demonstrate that the product is safe and effective in the patient population and the indication that will be treated. Data obtained from preclinical and clinical activities are susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approvals. In addition, delays or rejections may be encountered based upon additional government regulation from future legislation or administrative action or changes in FDA policy during the period of product development, clinical trials and FDA regulatory review. Failure to comply with applicable FDA or other applicable regulatory requirements may result in criminal prosecution, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production or injunction, as well as other regulatory action against our potential products or us. Additionally, we have limited experience in conducting and managing the clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory approval.

 

If regulatory approval of a product is granted, this approval will be limited to those indications or disease states and conditions for which the product is demonstrated through clinical trials to be safe and efficacious. We cannot ensure that any compound developed by us, alone or with others, will prove to be safe and efficacious in clinical trials and will meet all of the applicable regulatory requirements needed to receive marketing approval.

 

Outside the United States, our ability, or that of our collaborative partners, to market a product is contingent upon receiving a marketing authorization from the appropriate regulatory authorities. This foreign regulatory approval process typically includes all of the risks associated with FDA approval described above and may also include additional risks.

 

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If our competitors develop technologies that are more effective than ours, our commercial opportunity will be reduced or eliminated.

 

The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are intensely competitive and subject to rapid and significant technological change. Many of the drugs that we are attempting to discover will be competing with existing therapies. In addition, a number of companies are pursuing the development of pharmaceuticals that target the same diseases and conditions that we are targeting. We face competition from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies both in the United States and abroad.

 

Our competitors may utilize discovery technologies and techniques or partner with collaborators in order to develop products more rapidly or successfully than we, or our collaborators, are able to do. Many of our competitors, particularly large pharmaceutical companies, have substantially greater financial, technical and human resources than we do. In addition, academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private organizations conducting research may seek patent protection with respect to potentially competitive products or technologies and may establish exclusive collaborative or licensing relationships with our competitors.

 

We believe that our ability to compete is dependent, in part, upon our ability to create, maintain and license scientifically-advanced technology and upon our and our collaborators’ ability to develop and commercialize pharmaceutical products based on this technology, as well as our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, obtain patent protection or otherwise develop proprietary technology or processes and secure sufficient capital resources for the expected substantial time period between technological conception and commercial sales of products based upon our technology. The failure by us or any of our collaborators in any of those areas may prevent the successful commercialization of our potential drug targets.

 

Our competitors might develop technologies and drugs that are more effective or less costly than any that are being developed by us or that would render our technology and potential drugs obsolete and noncompetitive. In addition, our competitors may succeed in obtaining the approval of the FDA or other regulatory agencies for product candidates more rapidly. Companies that complete clinical trials, obtain required regulatory agency approvals and commence commercial sale of their drugs before their competitors may achieve a significant competitive advantage, including certain patent and FDA marketing exclusivity rights that would delay or prevent our ability to market certain products. Any drugs resulting from our research and development efforts, or from our joint efforts with our existing or future collaborative partners, might not be able to compete successfully with competitors’ existing or future products or obtain regulatory approval in the United States or elsewhere.

 

Our ability to generate revenues will be diminished if our collaborative partners fail to obtain acceptable prices or an adequate level of reimbursement for products from third-party payors or government agencies.

 

The drugs we hope to develop may be rejected by the marketplace due to many factors, including cost. Our ability to commercially exploit a drug may be limited due to the continuing efforts of government and third-party payors to contain or reduce the costs of health care through various means. For example, in some foreign markets, pricing and profitability of prescription pharmaceuticals are subject to government control. In the United States, we expect that there will continue to be a number of federal and state proposals to implement similar government control. In addition, increasing emphasis on managed care in the United States will likely continue to put pressure on the pricing of pharmaceutical products. Cost control initiatives could decrease the price that any of our collaborators would receive for any products in the future. Further, cost control initiatives could adversely affect our collaborators’ ability to commercialize our products and our ability to realize royalties from this commercialization.

 

Our ability to commercialize pharmaceutical products with collaborators may depend, in part, on the extent to which reimbursement for the products will be available from:

 

                                          government and health administration authorities;

                                          private health insurers; and

                                          other third-party payors.

 

Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly-approved healthcare products. Third-party payors, including Medicare, are challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. Government and other third-party payors increasingly are attempting to contain healthcare costs by limiting both coverage and the level of reimbursement for new drugs and by refusing, in some cases, to provide coverage for uses of approved products for disease indications for which the FDA has not granted labeling approval. Third-party insurance coverage may not be available to patients for any products we discover and develop, alone or with collaborators. If government and other third-party payors do not provide adequate coverage and reimbursement levels for our products, the market acceptance of these products may be reduced.

 

If product liability lawsuits are successfully brought against us, we may incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of our products.

 

The testing and marketing of medical products entail an inherent risk of product liability. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our products although we are not currently aware of any specific causes for concern with respect to clinical liability claims. We currently do not have product liability insurance, and our inability to obtain sufficient product liability insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of pharmaceutical products we develop, alone or with corporate collaborators. We, or our corporate collaborators, might not be able to obtain insurance at a reasonable cost, if at all.

 

26



 

While under various circumstances we are entitled to be indemnified against losses by our corporate collaborators, indemnification may not be available or adequate should any claim arise.

 

Our research and development efforts will be seriously jeopardized, if we are unable to attract and retain key employees and relationships.

 

As a small company with only 149 employees as of June 30, 2006, our success depends on the continued contributions of our principal management and scientific personnel and on our ability to develop and maintain important relationships with leading academic institutions, scientists and companies in the face of intense competition for such personnel. In particular, our research programs depend on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled chemists, other scientists, and development, regulatory and clinical personnel. If we lose the services of any of our personnel, our research and development efforts could be seriously and adversely affected. Our employees can terminate their employment with us at any time.

 

We depend on various scientific consultants and advisors for the success and continuation of our research and development efforts.

 

We work extensively with various scientific consultants and advisors. The potential success of our drug discovery and development programs depends, in part, on continued collaborations with certain of these consultants and advisors. We, and various members of our management and research staff, rely on certain of these consultants and advisors for expertise in our research, regulatory and clinical efforts. Our scientific advisors are not our employees and may have commitments to, or consulting or advisory contracts with, other entities that may limit their availability to us. We do not know if we will be able to maintain such consulting agreements or that such scientific advisors will not enter into consulting arrangements, exclusive or otherwise, with competing pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies, any of which would have a detrimental impact on our research objectives and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

If we use biological and hazardous materials in a manner that causes injury or violates laws, we may be liable for damages.

 

Our research and development activities involve the controlled use of potentially harmful biological materials as well as hazardous materials, chemicals and various radioactive compounds. We cannot completely eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from the use, storage, handling or disposal of these materials. In the event of contamination or injury, we could be held liable for damages that result, and such liability could exceed our resources. We are also subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, storage, handling and disposal of these materials and specified waste products. The cost of compliance with, or any potential violation of, these laws and regulations could be significant.

 

Our facilities are located near known earthquake fault zones, and the occurrence of an earthquake or other catastrophic disaster could cause damage to our facilities and equipment, which could require us to cease or curtail operations.

 

Our facilities are located in the San Francisco Bay Area near known earthquake fault zones and are vulnerable to significant damage from earthquakes. We are also vulnerable to damage from other types of disasters, including fires, floods, power loss, communications failures and similar events. If any disaster were to occur, our ability to operate our business at our facilities would be seriously, or potentially completely, impaired, and our research could be lost or destroyed. In addition, the unique nature of our research activities and of much of our equipment could make it difficult for us to recover from a disaster. The insurance we maintain may not be adequate to cover our losses resulting from disasters or other business interruptions.

 

Our stock price may be volatile, and our stockholders’ investment in our stock could decline in value.

 

The market prices for our securities and those of other biotechnology companies have been highly volatile and may continue to be highly volatile in the future. The following factors, in addition to other risk factors described in this section, may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock:

 

                                          the progress and success of clinical trials and preclinical activities (i.e., studies, manufacture of materials) of our product candidates conducted by us or our collaborative partners or licensees;

                                          the receipt or failure to receive the additional funding necessary to conduct our business;

                                          selling by large stockholders;

                                          announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by our competitors or us;

                                          developments concerning proprietary rights, including patents;

                                          developments concerning our collaborations;

                                          publicity regarding actual or potential medical results relating to products under development by our competitors or us;

                                          regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

                                          litigation;

                                          economic and other external factors or other disaster or crisis; and

                                          period-to-period fluctuations in financial results.

 

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Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law may make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult.

 

Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions:

 

                                          establish that members of the board of directors may be removed only for cause upon the affirmative vote of stockholders owning a majority of our capital stock;

                                          authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our board of directors to increase the number of outstanding shares and thwart a takeover attempt;

                                          limit who may call a special meeting of stockholders;

                                          prohibit stockholder action by written consent, thereby requiring all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders;

                                          establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at stockholder meetings;

                                          provide for a board of directors with staggered terms; and

                                          provide that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by a resolution of our board of directors.

 

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which imposes certain restrictions relating to transactions with major stockholders, may discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us.

 

Item 4.           Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

We held our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 30, 2006. At such meeting, the following actions were voted upon.

 

(a)          To elect a director, James M. Gower, to hold office until our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Votes in Favor

 

Votes Withheld

 

20,564,369

 

538,198

 

 

(b)         To elect a director, Gary A. Lyons, to hold office until our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Votes in Favor

 

Votes Withheld

 

19,573,001

 

1,529,566

 

 

(c)          To elect a director, Donald G. Payan, M.D., to hold office until our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

 

Votes in Favor

 

Votes Withheld

 

21,033,774

 

68,793

 

 

(d)         To approve our 2000 Equity Incentive Plan as amended.

 

Votes in Favor

 

Votes Against

 

Abstentions

 

Broker Non-Votes

 

13,344,529

 

4,091,752

 

16,830

 

3,649,456

 

 

(e)          To ratify the selection by the audit committee of our board of directors of Ernst & Young LLP as independent auditors of Rigel for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2006.

 

Votes in Favor

 

Votes Against

 

Abstentions

 

Broker Non-Votes

 

20,605,211

 

492,864

 

4,492

 

0

 

 

Continuing Directors

 

Our directors whose terms of office continued after the 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders were: (1) Jean Deleage, Ph.D., Alan D. Frazier and Peter S. Ringrose, Ph.D., whose current terms expire at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the Stockholders, and (2) Walter H. Moos, Ph.D., Hollings C. Renton, and Stephen A. Sherwin, M.D., whose current terms expire at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the Stockholders.

 

Item 6.           Exhibits

 

The exhibits listed on the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference (as stated therein) as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ JAMES M. GOWER

 

 

James M. Gower

 

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date:

August 2, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ RYAN D. MAYNARD

 

 

Ryan D. Maynard

 

 

Vice President of Finance and Acting Chief Financial
Officer

 

 

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date:

August 2, 2006

 

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit Number

 

Description of Document

3.1

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.(1)

3.2

 

Amended and Restated Bylaws.(2)

4.1

 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate.(1)

4.3

 

Form of warrant to purchase shares of common stock.(2)

4.7

 

Amended and Restated Warrant issued to Kwacker Limited for the purchase of shares of common stock.(3)

4.8

 

Warrant issued to TBCC Funding Trust II for the purchase of shares of common stock.(4)

4.10

 

Warrant issued to Kwacker Limited for the purchase of shares of common stock.(3)

4.23

 

Second Investor Rights Agreement between Rigel and certain investors, dated June 26, 2003.(5)

10.33

 

2006 Base Salaries for Named Executive Officers.(6)

10.34

 

2006 Bonus Plan for Executive Officers.

15.1

 

Letter re: unaudited interim financial information.

31.1

 

Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.

31.2

 

Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.

32.1

 

Certification required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Exchange Act and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).

 


(1)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Current Report on Form 8-K on June 24, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.

(2)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference.

(3)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.

(4)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.

(5)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.

(6)

Filed as an exhibit to Rigel’s Current Report on Form 8-K on January 30, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

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